Programming Iteration

Introduction to Iteration
Iteration, or looping, is a fundamental concept in programming that allows us to
repeat a set of instructions multiple times in a program.

Iteration enhances the efficiency and flexibility of programming tasks.

Iteration is like telling the computer to do something over and over again.

Instead of writing the same code repeatedly, we can use loops to automate
repetitive tasks, making our programs more concise and easier to maintain.

Types of Iteration
Count-based iterations
The loop executes a predetermined number of times.
Examples of count-based iteration include ‘for’ loops and ‘foreach’ loops.

Condition-based iterations
The loop continues to execute as long as a specified condition evaluates to true.
Examples of condition-based iteration include ‘while’ loops and ‘do-while’ loops.
Count based iterations
This type of iteration is commonly used when the number of iterations is known
beforehand or when iterating over a collection with a fixed length, such as an
array.
Condition based iterations
This type of iteration is used when the exact number of iterations is not known
beforehand, or when the termination condition depends on a variable or dynamic
condition.

General Syntaxes
‘for’ loop:
for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) {
// code block to be executed
}
‘foreach’ loop:
foreach (element in collection) {
// code to be executed for each element
}
The initialization part is executed before the loop starts and typically
initializes a loop control variable.
The condition part defines the condition for continuing the loop. If the condition
evaluates to false, the loop terminates.
The increment/decrement part updates the loop control variable after each
iteration.

(element in collection):
element is a variable that represents each element of the collection during each
iteration of the loop.
in is a keyword that separates the element from the collection.
collection is the iterable data structure over which we're iterating.

General Syntax
‘while’ loop:##while (condition) {
// code block to be executed
// increment or decrement the loop control variable inside the block
}
‘do-while’ loop:
do {
// code block to be executed
} while (condition);
The condition is checked before each iteration. If it evaluates to false, the loop
terminates.
Do while executes the code block once and then checks the condition, hence of the
condition do while executes the code block once.

Importance of Iteration
Efficiency - Loops efficiently handle repetitive tasks without the need to slow
down the program or use excessive memory.
Code reusability - Iteration eliminate the need for writing the same code multiple
times, making your code shorter and easier to manage.
Flexibility - Loops can be easily adjusted to work with different scenarios and
varying amounts of data or tasks.
Easier troubleshooting - By implementing loops correctly, errors become easier to
locate and fix, as the same code block is reused in each iteration.

End..
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