IN THE GARDEN

EM 12 – SURVEY OF PHILIPPINE
LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
JOSEPH GIL R. BANDOY
BSED-ENGLISH 2A
College of Teacher Education
INSERT YOUR PHOTO Surigao del Norte State University
(FORMAL)
 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO THE STORY

Author’s Background Story Pyramid

Story Description Debate Activity

Story Elements

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 2

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND

DR. JOSE Y. DALISAY JR.

• Author Name: Dr. Jose Y. Dalisay Jr.
• Age: 68
• Place : Romblon Philippines
• A.K.A: Butch Dalisay
• Birthdate: January 15, 1954

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 3

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND

DR. JOSE Y. DALISAY JR.

Educational Background:
• Primary: La Salle Green Hills
• Secondary: Philippine Science High
school
• College: University of the Philippines

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 4

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND

DR. JOSE Y. DALISAY JR.

Life Background:
• He dropped out of college to work as a newspaper reporter.
• Dalisay returned to school and earned his B.A. English (Imaginative
Writing) degree, cum laude from the University of the Philippines in
1984. He later received an M.F.A. from the University of Michigan in
1988 and a
• PhD in English from the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee in 1991
as a Fulbright.
• Dalisay has authored more than 30 books since 1984. Six of those
books have garnered National Book Awards from the Manila Critics
Circle. In 1998, Dalisay made it to the Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP) Centennial Honors List as one of the 100 most
accomplished Filipino artists of the past century.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 5

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND

DR. JOSE Y. DALISAY JR.

Achievements:
• 1. Graduated as Cum Laude
• 2. Won 16 Palanca Awards in five genres
• 3. Vice President for Public Affairs of the UP
System from May 2003 to February 2005
• 4. Current director of the UP ICW

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 6

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND

DR. JOSE Y. DALISAY JR.

Among his numerous books are:
• Oldtimer and Other Stories (Asphodel, 1984; U.P.
Press, 2003)
• Sarcophagus and Other Stories (U.P. Press, 1992)
• Killing Time in a Warm Place (Anvil, 1992)
• Madilim ang Gabi sa Laot at Iba Pang mga Dula ng
Ligaw na Pag-Ibig (U.P. Press, 1993)
• Penmanship and Other Stories

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 7

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY DESCRIPTION

IN THE GARDEN
Jose Dalisay Jr. is a prominent Filipino writer born in
1954. He has authored over 30 books across various
genres since 1984. The short story "In the Garden"
describes an encounter between a schoolteacher and
his students with soldiers during a repressive regime
in the Philippines. The soldiers destroy the school's
vegetable garden and force one of the female
students to work for them, highlighting themes of
abuse of power and defending human rights.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 8

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY DESCRIPTION

CHARACTERS
• Mr. Pareja - a teacher in the Kangmating
Schoolhouse.
• Rosita - a pupil of Mr. Pareja, the eldest (14 years
old).
• Bienvenido - the brightest boy in the class of Mr.
Pareja.
• Baclagon - the leader of the six sergeants who
insults Mr. Pareja and scares the children.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 9

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY ELEMENTS

SETTING
One afternoon at the Kangmating
Schoolhouse during a dictator’s regime.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 10

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY ELEMENTS

PLOT SUMMARY
Children were planting seeds when the soldiers
came at the Kangmating Schoolhouse. Mr. Pareja,
the teacher, went out to talk to the leader of the
soldiers, Baclagon. They destroyed the garden and
picked every vegetable they could eat as a revenge
for the soldier who was killed by the rebels in the
town. Mr. Pareja and the children just watched
about since they can’t do anything and obeyed to
the abuse of the soldiers.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 11

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

EXPOSITION
In the garden of the schoolhouse there
were the children planting and watering the
vegetables. Mr. Pareja was inside preparing
a quiz.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 12

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

RISING ACTION
Rosita shouted and Mr. Pareja rapidly ran
outside with his socks and there were a
sergeant and soldiers picking and
uprooting their planted vegetables. They
talked about why they were in the garden
and also about the dead soldier found in
the town.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 13

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

CLIMAX

Mr. Pareja ordered the children to go home

but Baclagon stopped Rosita and said that
they will need her for washing and cooking.
Mr. Pareja refused.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 14

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

FALLING ACTION

Mr. Pareja insisted that he can do the

washing but Baclagon declined and told
him that it’s not a men’s work.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 15

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

RESOLUTION

Mr. Pareja watched Rosita walk into the iron

pump with the soldier and he went back in
the schoolhouse and prayed.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 16

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

CONFLICT

Man vs Man
• Abuse of authority: the soldier taking all
their food and they made the child work
for them as if she was a slave

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 17

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

THEME

The story states the life they have when under

the time of Martial Law where every step and
every word they will say and do are watched
by people assigned by Ferdinand Marcos, the
hardships they’ve got and the struggle for
freedom they want to have.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 18

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

MORAL
• We must fight for our own rights as a
person.
• We don’t have to be a barbaric person to
be known.
• Be kind and helpful to the people around
you.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 19

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

STORY PYRAMID

SYMBOLISMS
• Vegetables in the Garden – Human rights that
are taken away by the people in the authority.
• Soldiers – Violence and harassments against
common people during Ferdinand Marcos’
regime.
• Rosita – Victims of abuse among children and
women.
• Mr. Pareja – Conformity of the innocent people.

EDUC 6 – Building & Enhancing New Literacies across the Curriculum E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 20
 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
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STORY PYRAMID

POINT OF VIEW

Third Person Omniscient - a method of

storytelling in which the narrator knows the
thoughts and feelings of all of the
characters in the story, as opposed to third
person limited, which adheres closely to
one character's perspective.

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 21

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
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DEBATE ACTIVITY
Title: The Marcos Dictatorship: Beneficial or Detrimental to Filipinos?

Objective: To engage students in a brief debate about the impact of the Marcos
dictatorship on the Filipino people.

Instructions:
1. Topic: Divide the class into two groups: one representing the proposition (Arguing that
the Marcos dictatorship was beneficial to Filipinos) and the other representing the
opposition (Arguing that the Marcos dictatorship was detrimental to Filipinos).
2. Debate Rounds (5 minutes each):
Opening Statements- Maximum of 3 representatives
Main Arguments
Rebuttal
3. Conclusion (1 minute each)

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 22

 SURIGAO DEL NORTE STATE UNIVERSITY
Narciso Street, Surigao City

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

AND PARTICIPATING!

EM 12 – Survey of Philippine Literature in English E.G. Sebag, 11 March 2024 | Page 23