Philippine Christian University

Pala-Pala, City of Dasmarinas, 4114 Cavite

COLLEGE OF ARTS SCIENCES & SOCIAL WORKS (CASSW)

THE LIFE & WORKS OF DR. JOSE P. RIZAL (GEM3)

Midterm Examination
Second Semester - AY 2020-2021
December 13, 2021
Course Instructor: Mr. Arnold P. Santos, LPT.

Student’s Name: Sapida, Edgie A. Raw Score: __________/50__________

Course Program: BPED 2 Date: 12/13/21

Critical Essay

 Reflect on Rizal’s early childhood experiences, if there will be a person you recall who
has influenced you the most, who that person would be and how he/she contributed to
the development of your character and personality as well? (10 points)

Jose Rizal Life and early childhood experiences has been an

inspiration to the youth today. Rizal early childhood shapes what he was up to his
death. According to Craig. “He was a typical Filipino, in this land mixed blood could
boast a greater mixture than this. He learned his abakada from his mother at the age of
three, and quickly mastered his older sister’s reader. Three doting uncles contributed to
his well-rounded early education in academics, sport and trade, after which he studied
with a private tutor in the nearby town of Biñan, Laguna (Lapena 2011).

Jose Rizal early child hood experiences truly serve as an inspiration for
us in this generation to pursue and work hard to strive in life. Like Rizal early childhood
and he have experiences to his childhood, and have his family that influence him the
most, that shaped that he is, I also have my family that influenced me the most, that
developed my character and personality, up until now. My family has a great impact to
my life, like Rizal, my parents thought me rightful deeds when I was young, teaches me
how to be a good child with a good personality, and I will cherish it and bring it to the
future. My parents are the one’s that influence me the most when it comes to my
personal matters. As a child in the past, and as a college student now, I can say that my
parents are the way and are the reason why I am today.

Rizal childhood is the inspiration to all of us, and for the Filipinos that
we have to be courageous enough and our parents are the big part of our growth of how
we are today. As a college student, I can say that the person that influenced me the
most in developing my character is my parents, and also the Life and Works of Rizal
that inspires me to have a faith and nationalism in this country.
 As per schooling experiences of Rizal, analyze how education was catered to the
learners as to the following areas:
a. Curriculum content and instructional delivery
b. Disciplinary measures
c. Significance to societal needs

Afterwards, compare and contrast the Spanish education with what we have
today. Which do you favor more? Explain explicitly with supporting facts to affirm
your assertions. (10 points)
During the time of Jose P. Rizal, education was under the Spanish
friars and their main concern is to spread Christianity particularly Catholicism.
The focus is to educate the Filipinos and teach them how to read and write in the
Spanish language.
There were also Latin schools where that language was taught together with
some Spanish, since it was a mandatory requirement for the study of philosophy,
theology and jurisprudence in schools like the University of Santo Tomás, run by
the Dominicans. The Philippine priests and lawyers of that time, with the
exception of the sons and daughters of Spaniards, Principalías and Ladinos,
knew Latin perfectly well because the educational system was wholly religious.

Rizal had his early education in Calamba and Biñan. It was a typical
schooling that a son of an ilustrado family received during his time, characterized
by the four R's- reading, writing, arithmetic, and religion. Instruction was rigid and
strict. He was able to finish his studies and go abroad for further studies because
his family is well-off.

The tribal tutors were replaced by the Spanish Missionaries. Since schools
were run by nuns and friars education was religion-oriented. It was for the elite,
especially in the early years of Spanish colonization. Access to education by the
Filipinos was later liberalized through the enactment of the Educational Decree of
1863 which provided for the establishment of at least one primary school for boys
and girls in each town under the responsibility of the municipal government; and
the establishment of a normal school for male teachers under the supervision of
the Jesuits. Although Primary instruction was free and the teaching of Spanish
was compulsory most of the learners were not able to avail formal schooling
because they prefer to work with their parent who were called indios.
Education during Rizal’s time was inadequate, suppressed, and controlled.
Based on the article I read in Filipinismo posted on November 23, 2019 by Pepe
Alas,
Rizal as a young student in Biñán was usually whipped and hit with a stick
on the palm of his hand by his strict teacher. Of course he didn’t have fond
memories about that, but there was no indication at all that he was traumatized
by it. He eventually became one of the greatest writers and nationalists we ever
had.

He wasn’t the only one who experienced corporal punishment in school.

His contemporaries, many of whom became great personalities themselves, went
through all that, too. The preceding generations before ours experienced the
same as well. Those in public schools probably fared much worse. Teachers
during those times were allowed to apply corporal punishment to pupils/students.

For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the highest
seat of glory and to develop the people's mentality. Since education is the
foundation of society and a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that
only through education could the country be saved from domination.
  While living abroad, how did Rizal spend his life? Which among his experiences
inspired you and why? What do you think Rizal would comment on the plight of
Filipinos nowadays who leave the country for a dream of working and living
permanently abroad? (10 points)

He lived a challenging life abroad but it did not stopped him to fulfill his mission of
studying and learning the language and culture of the places he visited. He experienced
to eat biscuits for breakfast when he was short on funds to make days on end; to take exams
on an empty stomach or go for hours without food; to burn the candle at both ends studying
his lessons or learning a new language

Rizal leave the country for a personal reason as well as an altruistic reason for his
decision to study abroad. He wanted to become an eye specialist in order to cure her
mother from an eye ailment. He also wanted to study the cultures, laws and
governments of European countries in order to help his countrymen.
His strong commitment dedication in his studies and instinct of survival away from the
comfort of his home is also worthy of emulation. It is not easy to be away from family,
but he was able to write novels during those challenging times.

The motive of Rizal for going abroad is different from the purpose of
many Filipinos nowadays going abroad whose primary purpose is to seek employment
or work Most probably Rizal would not be happy seeing many Filipinos’ going abroad
with the purpose of living there permanently. I think his message would probably be
serve the country as much as you can.
  Expound the historical significance of the annotated version of Antonio de
Morga’s Sucesos de Las Islas Filipinas in the redemption of Filipino indigenous
culture against the biases that were inflicted in the writing about certain Filipino
precolonial ways described by Morga. Justify your answers. (10 points)

Rizal’s annotated version of de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (Events of the
Philippine Islands, originally published in 1609), was not only to provide the Filipino
people their early history, a pre-Spanish history, but to present to them their own
authentic culture and identity.Sep 1, 1999Rizal dedicated this  annotated Morga — Á
los Filipinos — to all of us. He said that in the Noli Me Tangere (1887) he began to
depict the actual state of our country and the effect that the novel  had made him
realize that before continuing the Noli narrative, he had to delve into our  past to
better judge the present and to measure the path (i.e., progress) we have taken
during the past  three centuries.

admitted that he grew up without knowing much about our Yesterday (Ayer), like
most Filipinos. He could not write with authority about things he never saw nor
studied, so he was compelled to invoke the testimonies of an “illustrious Spaniard
who ruled the destiny of the Philippines at the start of its new era and who
witnessed the last moments of our ancient nationality.”   Morga’s book shows the
“shadow of the civilization of our forbears” and he, Rizal, faithfully transmits the
words of Morga, editing only the punctuations of the original, modernizing the
spelling for easy reading.

By the Christian religion, Dr. Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by
fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Nevertheless in other
lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church unchanged,
or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects.

Centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but
nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. No one has a monopoly of the true
God nor is there any nation or religion that can claim, or at any rate prove, that to it has
been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real
being.

The civilization of the Pre-Spanish Filipinos in regard to the duties of life for that age
was well advanced, as the Morga history shows in its eighth chapter. Morga shows that
the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other implements of warfare.
Their prized krises and kampilans for their magnificent temper are worthy of admiration
and some of them are richly damascened. Their coats of mail and helmets, of which
there are specimens in various European museums, attest their great advancement in
this industry.
 Of the native Manila rulers at the coming of the Spaniards, Raja Soliman was called
“Rahang mura,” or young king, in distinction from the old king, “Rahang matanda.”
Historians have confused these personages.

The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of
an ancient Filipino. That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the
Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as “ancient.” In this difficult art of ironworking,
as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as
were their ancestors.

From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be
considered evidence of native culture. Nowadays this industry is reduced to small craft,
scows and coasters.

In Morga’s time, the Philippines exported silk to Japan whence now comes the best
quality of that merchandise. Morga’s views upon the failure of Governor Pedro de
Acuña’s ambitious expedition against the Moros unhappily still apply for the same
conditions yet exist.
  Given was a poster. Analyze its content and message as to how it appealed to you
relating to Philippine issues today. (10 points)

As we experiencing today, it is completely different on how we used to

live in the past, in this time our life totally changed. Because of the pandemic our lives
and how the world is, changed. We are experiencing this global pandemic, and our
government and the world is adjusting in this phenomena that we face in the world.

As I see in the poster, the message was strong and have messages to
us Filipinos, of what we are experiencing today in this pandemic. In the first picture,
there is a kid fighting the virus, it shows that the Philippines and the Filipinos are fighting
and facing this challenges and this pandemic happening to us. There is also a kid in the
poster that shows his big smile with a facemask, knowing that we are facing challenges
in life adding the pandemic, it shows our positive response and positive way of thinking,
that was a trait of Filipinos, that whatever challenges in life, we are still make our face
smile, regarding the pandemic, still we are continue in life and in living our life for the
best. And there is also a kid praying in the poster, It shows that we Filipinos, are
religious and have faith in God, that we are praying to him that we will overcome this
pandemic happening to us. And also a statue of Rizal, and there is a group of people
protecting Rizal from virus, I think it pertains that in this time of Pandemic, it is important
that we know Rizal independence and Rizal attitude of not giving up on the challenges
that he experience, I think Rizal wants us to be positive and have a better look in this
pandemic. The poster appeal to me that it is related to the issues today that we
experienced, which is the pandemic.

This pandemic changes every live and how lives have to be. The
posters signifies the traits and attitudes that Filipinos have, that us Filipinos are
courageous and strong whatever challenges we experiences in life. This means that
Filipinos are like Rizal that have courage and string personality when it comes to living
the life and continuing whatever challenges comes.

REFERENCES:

Craig A.Lineage, (2010), Life and Works of Rizal, Philippine Patriot. The project
Gutenberg Ebook of Lineage, A study of Growth of Free Ideas in the American Territory
by Austin Craig Manila, www.gutenberg/org/ebooks/6867 Accessed November 23,
2010.

Lapena J, F, (2011), Jose Protacio Rizal, Physician and Philippine national hero,
UniversityofthePhilippines,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/215544346_Jose_Protacio_Rizal_1861-
1896_physician_and_Philippine_national_hero

https://www.philstar.com/opinion/2018/10/28/1863744/rizal-annotations-antonio-morgas-
sucesos-las-islas-filipinas

Craig A. Lineage, life and labors of José Rizal:

Philippine patriot.
In: The Project Gutenberg EBook of Lineage,
Life and Labors
of Jose Rizal: Philippine Patriot, A Study of the
Growth of Free
Ideas in the Trans-Paci c American Territory
by Austin Craig
Manila: Philippine Education Publishing Co.,
1913. [Online
EBook # 6867]. Available at:
www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6867.
Accessed November 23, 2010
Craig A. Lineage, life and labors of José Rizal:
Philippine patriot.
In: The Project Gutenberg EBook of Lineage,
Life and Labors
of Jose Rizal: Philippine Patriot, A Study of the
Growth of Free
Ideas in the Trans-Paci c American Territory
by Austin Craig
Manila: Philippine Education Publishing Co.,
1913. [Online
EBook # 6867]. Available at:
www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6867.
Accessed November 23, 201

Accomplished by:

____________________________
SAPIDA, EDGIE A.
(e-signature over printed name)