DPM 41

A to E
A. Words along with their meaning, Pronunciation and usage

Ramshackle /ˈramʃak(ə)l/

[Adjective] (especially of a house or vehicle) in a state of severe disrepair.

Usage – They lived in a ramshackle house outside the city.

Origin – early-19th century (originally dialect in the sense ‘irregular, disorderly’): alteration of
earlier ramshackled, altered form of obsolete ransackled ‘ransacked’.

Recrimination /rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/

[Noun] an accusation in response to one from someone else.

Usage – They were rivals but there were no recriminations.

Origin – c. 1600, from Medieval Latin recriminatus, past participle of recriminari "to make
charges against," from Latin re- "back, again" + criminari "to accuse," from crimen (genitive
criminis) "a charge".

Repartee /ˌrɛpɑːˈtiː/

[Noun] conversation or speech characterized by quick, witty comments or replies.

Usage – He had a sharp mind and a wonderful gift of repartee.

Origin – mid-17th century: from French repartie ‘replied promptly’, feminine past participle of
repartir, from re- ‘again’ + partir ‘set off’.
Repose /rɪˈpəʊz/

[Noun] 1) a state of rest, sleep, or tranquillity.

2) the state of being calm and composed.

3) (Art) harmonious arrangement of colours and forms, providing a restful visual effect.

[Verb] 4) be situated or kept in a particular place.

5) lie down in rest.

6) (Archaic) lay something to rest in or on.

7) (Archaic) give rest to.

8) place something, especially one’s confidence or trust, in.

Usage 1) – Her face looked relaxed in repose.

Usage 2) – He had lost his grace and his repose.

Usage 4) – The painting now reposes in the national museum.

Usage 7) – He halted to give repose to his tired troop.

Usage 8) – The company pledged to never betray the trust that their clients placed in it.

Origin {usage 1)-7)} – late Middle English: from Old French repos (noun), reposer (verb), from
late Latin repausare, from re- (expressing intensive force) + pausare ‘to pause’.

Origin {usage 8)} – late Middle English (in the sense ‘put back in the same position’): from re-
‘again’ + pose, suggested by Latin reponere ‘replace’, from re- (expressing intensive force) +
ponere ‘to place’.

Reprimand /ˈrɛprɪmɑːnd/

[Noun] 1) a formal expression of disapproval.

[Verb] 2) address a reprimand to.

Usage 1) – The player received a reprimand for a breach of rules.

Usage 2) – The team members were reprimanded for poor work.

Origin – mid-17th century: from French réprimande, via Spanish from Latin reprimenda, ‘things
to be held in check’, neuter plural gerundive of reprimere.

Rue /ruː/

[Noun] 1) repentance; regret.

2) compassion; pity.

3) a perennial evergreen shrub with bitter strong-scented lobed leaves which are used
in herbal medicine.

[Verb] 4) bitterly regret (something one has done or allowed to happen) and wish it undone.

Usage 1) – They said goodbye with rue.

Usage 2) – Tears of rue were seen on the faces of the audience.

Usage 4) – They will rue the day they fired him.

Origin {usage 1), 2), 4)} – Old English hrēow ‘repentance’, hrēowan ‘affect with contrition’, of
Germanic origin; related to Dutch rouw ‘mourning’ and German Reue ‘remorse’.

Origin {usage 3)} – Middle English: from Old French, via Latin from Greek rhutē.

Red-handed

[Adjective] used to indicate that a person has been discovered in or just after the act of doing
something wrong or illegal.

Usage – He was caught red-handed, stealing a wallet.

Run the gauntlet

[Idiom] to have to deal with a lot of people who are criticizing or attacking you.
Usage - Every day they had to run the gauntlet of hostile journalists on their way to work.

Rara avis

[Latin] rare or unique person or thing. Literally “a rare bird”, it carries the implication of oddity,
extraordinariness or eccentricity.

Usage – He was such a rara avis that people tended to avoid him as much as possible.

Retroussé

[French] turned up. In English, almost exclusively applied to noses.

Usage – She has such a cute little retroussé nose.

B. RC Passage (with Link)

Article 1: https://www.historytoday.com/archive/months-past/death-madame-tussaud

Summary : This biographical article introduces the reader to the woman behind one of Britain’s
most popular tourist attractions—Madame Tussaud. Born as Ann Marie in 1761, her early
childhood was tumultuous, with the death of her father and her upbringing in a doctor’s home—
where her mother had to move in as a housekeeper. It was from this doctor (‘uncle’ to her) that
Marie developed her passion in her chosen field viz. wax modelling. The article traces the ups
and downs in her family life, and describes how, after moving to London, she set up the iconic
museum that is now famous the world over. It goes on to describe her last years until her death
in 1850.

Article 2: https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/lockdown-diaries-mirrored-in-the-ganga-by-
jerome-armstrong/story-W5rbiBpSc62okNS05yBjpI.html
Summary : This article, written in a diary format, narrates the musings of a foreigner who finds
himself stranded in Rishikesh amidst the lockdown due to the coronavirus outbreak. The initial
anxiety of the author gives way to a more philosophical mindset as he begins to interact with the
holy men in the city who impart him the wisdom to cope with the uncertainty. He also seemed to
have found solace in the form of the river Ganges which enabled him to reflect upon his deeper
thoughts and to learn to live in the here and now.

Article 3: The lure of fascism Fascism promised radical national renewal and supreme power
to the people. Are we in danger of a fascist revival today?

https://aeon.co/essays/what-1930s-political-ideologies-can-teach-us-about-the-2020s

Summary :While the demonized guardians of freedom are belittled, brushed aside or destroyed,
vulnerable groups, such as refugees, immigrants, minorities and those living in poverty, bear the
brunt. What can be done to halt or reverse this process? And what will happen if we simply
stand by and watch? Some commentators see parallels with the rise of fascism in the 1930s.
Others agree that democracy is under threat but suggest that the threats are new. A fair point,
but with its dangers.

Article 4: The Apathy Syndrome: How We Are Trained Not to Care about Politics

https://academic.oup.com/socpro/article/doi/10.1093/socpro/spz019/5527807?searchresult=1#
137398445

Summary : The role of emotions in social movements and mobilization has been an important
focus of recent research, but the emotional mechanisms producing apathy and non-participation
remain under studied. This article explores the thinking and feeling processes involved in the
production of apolitical attitudes, paying particular attention to their social and cultural context.
Cultural norms of appropriateness and emotional expression can hinder or boost the emotions
involved in the mobilizing processes.

Article 5: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200605003035.htm

Summary : Education appears to protect older adults, especially women, against memory loss,
according to a new study.
C. RC Passage (with Questions)

Two competing narratives dominate the debate about the ongoing ethnic and demographic
transformation of America. The first holds that non- European immigrants Will rip apart the
nation's social fabric. The second has it that the diversity of younger generations of Americans
will inevitably lead to a more integrated, post racial era.

But both of these narratives are off the mark. With some minor differences ,today's immigrants
are assimilating into US society in ways not terribly unlike those of millions before them. At the
same time, it's likely that decades from now ,Americans will still invest a lot of meaning in Group
distinctions.

The most profound changes in American race relations, however, will revolve around the other
side of the equation : native -porn White Americans. As much as Americans pride themselves
on the notion that their national identity is premised on a set of ideals rather than a single
race ,ethnicity or religion ,for most of the US history ,white supremacy was the law of the land.
In every naturalization act from 1790 to 1952 ,congress included language stating that the
aspiring citizen should be a “white person”. And not surprisingly .despite the extraordinary
progress of the past 50 years .the sense of white proprietorship –“this is our country and our
culture “- still has not been completely eradicated. Even though the US now has an African
American president ,Americans still tend to treat minorities as parts and white says
representatives of the whole. This ,along with the luxury of rarely feeling of lcisd to think self-
consciously about one's racial background ,has been one of the perks of belonging to the
demographic majority. But according to the Census Bureau ,by 2050 ,whites will be a minority
group in the US. How the current majority reacts to its imminent minority status is the most
crucial issue facing the country in the decade to come.

The most obvious impact will be political. If California's demographic transformation is any
indication - Anglos drop below 50% of the population there in 2000 - whites elsewhere may
increasingly develop a stronger consciousness of their political interests as a group . In1996 ,
California's white voters overwhelmingly supported proposition 209 ,a ballot initiative that sought
to eliminate state sponsored affirmative action ,because many of those voters felt that the
playing field had began to tilt against them. That decade , California also passed two other
ethnically charged ballot measures ,against illegal immigration and bilingual education. It's
difficult not to conclude that these initiatives were part of a white backlash against the state's
ethnic transformation. However ,the very demographic trend that inspired those ballot initiatives
has ensured that there haven't been any racially charged propositions since. With so-called
minorities outnumbering whites ,mainstream politicians have been reluctant to endorse any
initiative that would invite a backlash from nonwhites .

But California's ethno-political detente may not be on the cards for other regions of the country.
Though whites will become a minority in the national population, the vast majority of individual
states will probably remain majority white. (This is because the most profound demographic
change is happening in a handful of the most heavily populated states ). A strong white –
minority political consciousness is most likely to arise in regions that are nowhere near actually
becoming majority – minority status is more phantom than reality, that politicians and
demagogues can best employ the rhetoric of white ethno-nationalism.

This won’t take the form of a chest-thumping brand of white supremacy. Instead, we are likely to
see the rise of a more defensive, aggrieved sense of white victimhood that strains the social
contract and undermines collectively shared notions of the common good.

Q1) A suitable title for the passage could be :

(A) Reverse discrimination.

(B) The minority whites.
(C) The cult of ethnicity.
(D) The white anxiety crisis.
Q2) The passage brings to light a

(A) Political issue.

(B) Socio-economic issue.
(C) Political demographic issue.
(D) Socio-demographic issue.

Q3) The tone of the writer in the line ”with so-called minorities outnumbering whites” is

(A) Antithetical (B) paradoxical (C) Satiric (D) ironic

Q4) California’s white voters felt that the playing field had begun to tilt against them because

(A) Whites dropped below 50% of the population in the country in 2000.
(B) Of the ethnic backlash against the state’s white population.
(C) They could perceive their minority status.
(D) Whites dropped below 50% of the population in California.
D. Quantitative Aptitude

Directions for questions 1 and 2:

These questions are based on the following data.

Smitha attempts all the questions in a management entrance test which has questions of three
different levels of difficulty - A, B and C. For the questions of various difficulty levels, the marks
awarded for answering the questions correctly and those deducted for answering the questions
incorrectly are as follows:

Difficulty Marks given for answering correctly Marks deducted for answering
level incorrectly
A 3 2

B 2 1

C 1 ½

No mark is deducted for unanswered questions. There are 60 questions of A level, 60 questions
of B level and 80 questions of C level in the test.

Q.1. If Smitha gets 60 marks on the whole and she answered 40 questions of C level difficulty
correctly, what is the maximum number of questions she could have answered incorrectly on
the whole?

(A) 74 (B) 116 (C) 108 (D) 102

Q.2. In the same test, Rohit attempted the least number of questions but got 120 marks. If he
attempted at least one question of each level of difficulty, how many questions did he attempt?

(A) 40 (B) 41 (C) 45 (D) 48

Q.3. Sher Chand invests ₹19,000 in a 5% stock at 95.Sometime later, he sells it and invests the
proceeds in a 6% stock at 80 so that his annual income increases by 200. At what price did he
sell his stock?

(A) ₹90 (B) ₹95 (C) ₹80 (D) ₹75

Q.4. A rectangular floor of dimensions 36 ft x 24 ft has to be completely covered with identical

square tiles. What is the minimum number of square tiles required? (Assume that all tiles have
the same integral dimensions, (in fts).

Q.5. A storekeeper had a stone weighing 31 pounds which he uses to weigh goods in 31-pound
lots. One day it fell and broke into 4 pieces. As he was about to throw them, he realized that the
weights of the pieces were such that he could weigh any whole number of pounds from 1 to 31.
What are the weights of the pieces?

(A) 1, 4, 10, 16 (B) 1, 2, 3, 25 (C) 2, 3, 4, 22 (D) 1, 3, 9, 18

Q.6. A boat P which moves at a speed of 8 m/s in still water, starts from a jetty and travels
downstream in a river. After 5 minutes another boat Q that moves at a speed of 3 m/s in still
water starts and follows P. After 15 more minutes, two passengers on P decide to board Q.
They are left behind on a raft that floats along with the river to be picked up by Q. If P can cover
6 m/s. upstream, then find approximately the time for which the passengers stayed on the raft.

(A) 42 min (B) 48½ min (C) 41 min (D) 45 min

Q.7.Doodhimal, the local milkman was notorious for the quality of milk that he used to sell.
Initially, he had 60 Liters of pure milk in his can. He removed one-third of it and replaced that
with water. He then removed one-third of the mixture and added water to it again. What is the
least number of times this process should be repeated if Doodhimal wants the concentration of
milk to be below 20%?
Q.8. Mr. Bagicha Singh has a beautiful garden in the shape of the figure shown below. There
are two circles intersecting each other at A and B. if the radii are 50 m and 40 m and if AB is 60
m, find the longest distance between any two points on his garden.

(A) 20√5 + 13 (B) 13(10 + √50) (C) 10(13 + √7) (D) 13(10 + √7)

Q.9. Let f: R → R defined by f(x) = x – 1 for x <-2.

=x for -2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2

=1-2х for х>2

then the value of f (-2.5) + f (-1.5) + f(-3.5) =

Q.10. If p, q and r are distinct numbers satisfying 2 1/p = 31/q = 5761/r, then the value of r/ (3p + q)
is
s
E. DILR – 1 Set

Directions for questions 1 to 4: These questions based on the following information.

Out of a group of 280 tourists, 150 persons eat Chinese food. 140 persons eat Indian food and
130 persons eat European food. 30 persons eat all the three types and 20 persons eat none
of the three types of food.

1. The number of tourists who eat only Chinese and Indian food is same as those who eat

(A) only Indian food.

(B) only European food.

(C) only Chinese food.

(D) all the three types of food.

2. What is the difference between the number of tourists who eat both Indian and European
food to those who eat only Chinese food?

(A) 25 (B) 15 (C) 20 (D) 10

3. Of the persons who eat Chinese food, the persons who eat European food also is 20 more
than the persons who eat Indian food also, what is the difference between the number of
tourists who eat only Indian food and that who eat only European food?

(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 30 (D) 40

4. How many eat exactly two types of food?

(A) 100 (B) 60 (C) 120 (D) 110