Section 3 , Practice exam questions Brae EM acai ea 1 The relationship between the refractive index a Copy and complete the table by ‘aleulating the values for sini and sinr. by Plotasuitable graph using the values for sin’ and sinr which allows you to obtain a value for the refractive index for the glass block. 2 Diagram A shows a distance-displacement graph for a water wave and diagram B shows 2 displacement-time graph for a particle in the same wave. a State: i the wavelength of the wave ii the amplitude of the wave iii the period of the wave. b Calculate the speed of the wave. A Displacemenniom 2 a Distancelem 8 and the angles of incidence and refraction for a ray crossing the boundary between air and Displacemenian glass is given by: sini a refractive index = 20 2 Sine ; During an experiment to measure the refractive index of a glass block the following o i ge Ob results were obtained 4 > Angleof | 10] 15 ] 20] 25 | 30] 35 - incidence, Times ‘degrees 3 Ona calm day you can see your reflection eae pet ey (a ac a when looking into a pond. When the pond's esa surface is disturbed you can no longer see a idesrers reflection. Why is this? = 4 The electromagnetic (EM) spectrum consists of sine a series of waves. State two properties which all electromagnetic waves have in common, Copy and complete this table showing the EM spectrum in order of increasing wavelength. Gamma Visible Radio rays light waves © Which of the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum: i has the lowest frequency? is a major cause of skin cancers? iis used in radiotherapy to treat cancers? 5 An oscilloscope is used to display signals received from a microphone when two different tuning forks, A and B, are struck nearby. These signals are shown in the diagrams opposite. The oscilloscope has been adjusted so that each horizontal division represents a time period of 2ms. a Which of the tuning forks produced the louder sound? Which of the tuning forks produced the higher pitch? S174¢ Find the frequency of tuning fork A. d Without further calculation, state the frequengy of tuning fork B 6 During an experiment to measure the speed of sound in metal, two microphones are attached toa long, thin steel bar. The first microphone starts the stopclock when it detects sound in the bar. The second microphone is 50cm further along the bar and stops the stopclock when it detects sound, The measurement on the stopclock is 0.2 ms. a What type of wave is sound? b What is the speed of sound in the steel bar? © The sound source produces a sound wave with a frequency of 1000Hz. The speed of sound in air is 340ms~, i What is the wavelength of the sound in alr? ii Whatis the wavelength of the sound in the metal bar? 7 Duting a medical examination an ultrasound pulse is used to measure the thickness of a fat layer in a patient's skin. Sound travels at 630m" in this tissue. The echo from the pulse is received 0.3, after the pulse is sent. a How thick is the fat layer? b Why are ultrasound frequencies used instead of lower frequencies? © Why are ultrasound scans used instead of X-rays in pre-natal care? 8 Astudent investigated the law of reflection using a ray box and a curved mirror as shown. a State the two laws of reflection. b Copy and complete the diagram showing the reflected ray. ¢ Mark on the angle of reflection and state its value. Normal 9 Agroup of scientists investigating optical properties have constructed a triangular prism from diamond, Diamond has a refractive index of 2.40, a The speed of light in airis 3 x 108ms”. ‘What is the speed of light in diamond? b Explain why the diamond disperses white light to a much greater extent than a glass prism would. 10 Borosilicate glass and a type of baby oil are both transparent and have exactly the same refractive index. When a block of the glass is placed into a beaker of the baby oil the block becomes invisible. Why is this?11 A ray of light passes into the side of a thick walled glass beaker containing water as. shown in the diagram, a Calculate the angle of refraction at the air to glass boundary. b State the angle of incidence at the glass to water boundary. ¢ Calculate the angle of refra glass to water boundary. d_ Complete the ray diagram showing the ray reaching the centre of the beaker. ion at the Nonnal Ghass, n=1.50 112. Rays of light are shone into two prisms, A and B, as shown in the diagram. Prism A is constructed of a standard glass with refractive index 1.50. Prism 8 is constructed from a plastic with a significantly lower refractive index of 1.2. a Cakulate the critical angles for both of the prisms. bb Use the results of the calculations to complete the ray paths until the rays leave the blocks. 13 An optical fibre is constructed from a glass with a refractive index of 1.60. The fibre is. curved as shown in the diagram. ‘@ Copy the diagram and draw the path of the ray from entry into the fibre unti it leaves at the far end b What is the critical angle for the glass to air boundary? © When bending the fibre a small crack forms at the surface. Explain why this may prevent light from reaching the end of the fibre. a 14 A slide projector produces a magnified image of slides when light is shone through them. The slides are placed 14.cm from a converging lens which has a focal length of 8.0m. a Drawa ray diagram showing how the image is produced. b Describe the properties of this image. ¢ Calculate the distance to this image. d_ Calculate the magnification of this image.