Aqa Combined Science Booklet

10
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outside the
0 3 This question is about energy change. box
A student investigated the temperature change when 10 g of ammonium nitrate was

added to 100 cm3 of water.
This is the method used.
1. Measure the temperature of 100 cm3 of water.
2. Add 10 g of ammonium nitrate.
3. Stir once.
4. Measure the temperature of the solution every minute for 7 minutes.
Figure 3 shows the apparatus.
Figure 3
0 3 . 1 What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

[1 mark]
0 3 . 2 Give three improvements to the investigation to make the results more accurate.
[3 marks]
*10*
IB/M/Jun21/8464/C/1H
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0 3 . 3 Figure 4 shows the results. box
Figure 4
Explain the results.

[4 marks]
Question 3 continues on the next page
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*11*
12
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0 3 . 4 Draw a reaction profile for an exothermic reaction. box
You should label:

• the energy level of the reactants and of the products
• the activation energy
• the overall energy change.
[4 marks]
12
*12*
9
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0 4 This question is about copper and fuels. box
0 4 . 1 Copper is extracted from low-grade ores by phytomining.
Describe how copper metal is produced by phytomining.

[4 marks]
0 4 . 2 Another method of extracting copper from low-grade ores is bioleaching.
A solution of copper sulfate (CuSO4) produced by bioleaching has a

concentration of 0.319 g/dm3
Relative atomic masses (Ar): Cu = 63.5 O = 16 S = 32
Calculate the number of moles of copper that can be produced from 1 dm3 of
this solution.
[3 marks]
Number of moles of copper = mol
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*09*
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Copper is used as a catalyst. box
Figure 1 shows reaction profiles for a reaction with and without a catalyst.
Figure 1
0 4 . 3 How do the reaction profiles show that using a catalyst does not affect the overall
energy change for the reaction?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Both reaction profiles show exothermic reactions.
Both reaction profiles start at the same energy level and end at the
same energy level.
Both reaction profiles show the activation energy.
The activation energy for the uncatalysed reaction is much lower than
for the catalysed reaction.
*10*
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0 4 . 4 Copper is a catalyst in a reaction to produce ethanol from carbon dioxide. box
Ethanol (C2H5OH) is used as a fuel.
Suggest why producing ethanol from carbon dioxide is sustainable.

[2 marks]
0 4 . 5 Chemistry plays an important role in sustainable development.
What is sustainable development?

[2 marks]
12
Turn over for the next question
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*11*
2
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0 1 This question is about energy changes. box
0 1 . 1 Which of these items uses an endothermic reaction?

[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Hand warmer
Sports injury pack
Self-heating can
Figure 1 shows the reaction profile for an exothermic reaction.
Figure 1
*02*
IB/M/Jun19/8464/C/1F
3
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0 1 . 2 Which letter represents the activation energy for the reaction? box
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
A B C D
0 1 . 3 Which letter represents the overall energy change for the reaction?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
A B C D
0 1 . 4 Complete the sentence.
Choose the answer from the box.

[1 mark]
lower than the same as higher than
In an exothermic reaction the energy of the products
is the energy of the reactants.
0 1 . 5 A student measured the temperature at the start and at the end of a reaction.
Name the apparatus used to measure the temperature.

[1 mark]
Turn over ►
*03*
4
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0 1 . 6 Figure 2 shows the temperature at the end of the reaction. box
Figure 2
Complete Table 1.
Use Figure 2.
[2 marks]
Table 1
Temperature at start in °C 14.3
Temperature at end in °C
Change in temperature in °C
*04*
8
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0 3 This question is about oxygen. box
0 3 . 1 Hydrogen reacts with oxygen.
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (g)
Figure 2 shows the relative energies of the reactants and products at a

certain temperature.
Figure 2
Label the activation energy on Figure 2.

[1 mark]
*08*
9
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0 3 . 2 Determine the overall energy change for the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen box
shown in Question 03.1
Use Figure 2.
[2 marks]
Energy change = kJ
0 3 . 3 Oxygen is in Group 6 of the periodic table.
Figure 3 shows the outer energy levels in one molecule of oxygen (O2).
Draw the electrons in the outer energy levels in Figure 3.

[2 marks]
Figure 3
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*09*
10
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0 3 . 4 The equation shows the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. box
2 H–O –O–H → 2 H–O –H + O=O

Table 1 shows the bond energies.
Table 1
Bond O–O O=O O–H
Bond dissociation
138 496 463
energy in kJ per mole
Calculate the overall energy change for the reaction.

[3 marks]
Energy change = kJ
*10*

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10

A student investigated the temperature change when 10 g of ammonium nitrate was

This is the method used.

1. Measure the temperature of 100 cm3 of water.

2. Add 10 g of ammonium nitrate.

4. Measure the temperature of the solution every minute for 7 minutes.

Figure 3 shows the apparatus.

0 3 . 1 What is the dependent variable in this investigation?

Explain the results.

Question 3 continues on the next page

You should label:

0 4 . 1 Copper is extracted from low-grade ores by phytomining.

Describe how copper metal is produced by phytomining.

0 4 . 2 Another method of extracting copper from low-grade ores is bioleaching.

A solution of copper sulfate (CuSO4) produced by bioleaching has a

Relative atomic masses (Ar): Cu = 63.5 O = 16 S = 32

Number of moles of copper = mol

Both reaction profiles show exothermic reactions.

Both reaction profiles show the activation energy.

Ethanol (C2H5OH) is used as a fuel.

Suggest why producing ethanol from carbon dioxide is sustainable.

0 4 . 5 Chemistry plays an important role in sustainable development.

What is sustainable development?

Turn over for the next question

0 1 . 1 Which of these items uses an endothermic reaction?

Sports injury pack

Figure 1 shows the reaction profile for an exothermic reaction.

0 1 . 4 Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

lower than the same as higher than

In an exothermic reaction the energy of the products

is the energy of the reactants.

Name the apparatus used to measure the temperature.

Question 1 continues on the next page

Temperature at start in °C 14.3

0 3 . 1 Hydrogen reacts with oxygen.

2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 H2O (g)

Figure 2 shows the relative energies of the reactants and products at a

Label the activation energy on Figure 2.

shown in Question 03.1

0 3 . 3 Oxygen is in Group 6 of the periodic table.

Draw the electrons in the outer energy levels in Figure 3.

Question 3 continues on the next page

2 H–O –O–H → 2 H–O –H + O=O

Bond O–O O=O O–H

Calculate the overall energy change for the reaction.

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