Q1.

(a) The diagrams below show how much heat is lost from different parts of a
house every second.

Through which part of the house above is most heat lost?

walls
1 mark

(b) Part of the house is insulated to reduce the loss of heat.

This is shown below.

(i) Which part of the house has been insulated?

roof
1 mark

(ii) Explain your answer.

Because it changed from 3400J to 700J meaning it has been insulated

1 mark

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 (c) The table below gives information about three fossil fuels that can be used to heat a
house.

energy Does the fuel produce these

fuel physical released substances when burned?
state when 1g is
sulphur
burned (J) water
dioxide

coal solid 25000 yes yes

oil liquid 42000 yes yes

methane gas 55000 yes no

(i) Which fuel in the table releases the least energy when 1 g is burned?

coal
1 mark

(ii) Methane can be compressed.

Which information in the table shows that methane can be compressed?

Because methane is a gas

1 mark

(iii) Sulphur dioxide causes acid rain.

Use the table to explain why burning methane does not produce acid rain.

Because it doesn’t have sulphur dioxide in it

1 mark
maximum 6 marks

Q2. Some pupils investigate whether double glazing or roof insulation is more efficient at
reducing heat loss from houses.

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They have a model house which can have these features:

• window with single glazing

• window with double glazing

• roof without insulation

• roof with insulation.

(a) A temperature sensor and a small lamp are placed inside the house. The lamp is
used as a heat source.
When the model house reaches a given temperature, the lamp is switched off.
A datalogger then records temperature regularly over time.

(i) What can the combination of single glazing and no roof insulation tell
pupils that is relevant to their investigation?

It can tell them how much heat single glazing keeps in the house
1 mark

(ii) Which two combinations must they use to find the more efficient way of
preventing heat loss in their model house?

Double glazing and roof without insulation

Single glazing and a roof with insulation

1 mark

(b) The pupils predicted that the roof insulation will be more effective than double
glazing at reducing heat loss.

What evidence would support this prediction?

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 Roof insulation stays warmer than double glazing
1 mark

(c) On the grid below, sketch the shape of the two graphs you would expect to see
on the datalogger if the pupils’ prediction is correct.
You do not need to add scales to the axes.
Use a solid line (_____) to show the graph for double glazed windows.
Use a dotted line (-------) to show the graph for roof insulation.

2 marks
maximum 5 marks

Q3. John used an electrical heater to heat a cup of water. He kept stirring the water. When
the temperature reached 20°C, he started his stopwatch and measured the
temperature of the water every half minute.

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 He switched off the heater after 4 minutes, but continued to record the temperature.
His results are shown in the table.

One measurement is missing and another appears to be wrong.

Time (minutes) Temperature (ºC)

0.0 20

0.5 26

1.0 31

1.5 36

2.0 41

2.5 46

3.0

3.5 57

4.0 56

4.5 58

5.0 59

5.5 59

(a) Use the results in the table to draw a graph on the grid.
Label the axes.
Plot the points and draw a smooth curve of best fit.

Page 5
 4 marks

(b) From your curve, estimate the temperature of the water after three minutes.

............°C
1 mark
maximum 5 marks

Q4.

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 (a) Each of the four objects shown above started at room temperature.
Now they are all at different temperatures, as described by the labels.

(i) Which object is at the highest temperature?

..........................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Which object has lost thermal energy?

..........................................................................................................
1 mark

(iii) Which object has had the largest gain in thermal energy?

..........................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Omar puts a hot steel ball into a beaker of cold water. He waits until the
temperatures of the ball and the water are the same.

From his results, he calculates that:

the thermal energy stored in the steel ball has fallen by 3770 J;
the thermal energy stored in the water has risen by 2940 J.

The energy stored in the water rose by less than 3770 J. What has happened
to the other 830 J?

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

Q5. A pupil has two well-insulated containers of water at 20° C. She takes two identical
blocks of aluminium, both at 100° C, and puts one into container A and the other into
container B. The temperature of the water rises in each container until it reaches a steady
value. Her results are shown in the table.

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(a) Explain why the final temperature of the water is lower in container B.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) What is the final temperature of each aluminium block?

The block in container A is at …………………………. °C.

The block in container B is at …………………………. °C.

1 mark

(c) Which of the identical aluminium blocks transferred more energy to the water?
Explain your reasoning.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 3 marks

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