SAP2000 NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS FOR PILE FOUNDATION PERFORMANCE

DUE TO LATERAL FLOW OF GROUND

(Agus Sudjono)

1. LAYOUT OF PILE FOUNDATION AND LATERAL FLOW OF GROUND

LATERAL FLOW OF
GROUND
GL+0.0
Non-Liquefied
layer
GL-1.35
Ground Water Level

Liquefied
layer

GL-9.0

Non-Liquefied
layer

GL-14.0

GL-15.0 Liquefied layer

Non-Liquefied
layer
GL-19.0

GL-20.0 Liquefied layer

Hard soil
layer
GL-27.0

Note:
The connection of top pile to footing slab is assumed as fixed condition.

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2. SOIL PARAMETERS

(sorry in Japanese)

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Calculation of soil spring

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3. NON-LINEAR MATERIAL DEFINITION FOR PILE

Properties of RC Pile
Diameter, d = 1100.0mm.
Length, L = 27.0m
Compressive strength of concrete, fc = 18.0MPa
Modulus of elasticity of concrete, Ec = 20596.0MPa
Yield strength of bar SD235, fy = 235.0MPa
Number and bar size, 8 – D22

Note:
Mcr is flexural strength of pile at first crack in concrete.
My is flexural strength of pile at steel bar in yield condition.
Mu is flexural strength of pile at ultimate condition

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4. SAP2000 INPUT

Soil spring
Lateral Flow of Ground

ΔL
Note:
*)
Pile length in this example is 27.0m.
*)
ΔL is around 0.2m.
*)
Pile is defined as non-linear material.
*)
See soil parameters for the values of
ΔL soil spring.
*)
The soil spring is linear spring.

ΔL

Plastic hinge

Plastic Hinge Properties according to relation of M-φ for non-linear material of pile.

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Link/Support Property Data for Soil Spring Input
Soil spring is linear spring. The example input as shown below.

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5. RESULTS

The performance of pile due to lateral flow of ground is usually analyzed by major FEA software, for
example Abaqus, Nastran, etc. In this report, we want to show that SAP2000 is possible to use this
analysis. To ensure the possibility of SAP2000, the results are compared with Abaqus as shown
below.

Pile Displacement

This Figure showed the pile displacement according to ABAQUS and SAP2000 analysis result.

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Flexural Bending of Pile

This Figure showed the flexural bending of pile according to ABAQUS and SAP2000 analysis result.

Note:
The result of SAP2000 analysis has same tendency with the result of ABAQUS analysis, and the
value is almost same, too.
It can be concluded that SAP2000 analysis is possible to analyze the performance of pile due to
lateral flow of ground.

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Performance of Pile

This is an advantage of SAP2000 analysis, the performance of pile can be checked by plastic hinge
condition. From this Figure, we know that the flexural bending of top of pile and around top of hard
soil layer reached the My.

The flexural bending

is around My

The flexural bending

is around My

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