MCQs of the cephalomatry

1 Indications for cephalometric evaluation

A An aid to diagnosis
B A pre-treatment record
C Monitoring the progress of treatment
D Research purposes
E All of the above
2 the point of deepest concavity on the anterior profile of the maxilla
A Point (A)
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton
E Porion
3 the most posterior inferior point on the angle of the mandible
A Point (A)
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton
E Porion
4 the lowest point on the mandibular symphysis.
A Point (A)
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton
E Porion
5 the most anterior point on the frontonasal suture
A Point (A)
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton
E Nasion
6 the most inferior anterior point on the margin of the orbit
A Point (A)
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton
E Orbitale
7 the point of deepest concavity on the anterior surface of the mandibular symphysis.
A Point (A)
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton E Nasion

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8 the most anterior point on the mandibular symphysis.
A Pogonion
B point (B)
C Gonion
D Menton
E Nasion
9 is the tip of the posterior nasal spine of the maxilla.
A Posterior nasal spine (PNS):
B anterior nasal spine
C Nasion
D menton
E none of the above
10 is the tip of the anterior process of the maxilla and is situated at the lower margin of the nasal
aperture.
A Posterior nasal spine (PNS):
B anterior nasal spine
C Nasion
D menton
E none of the above
11 Maxillary plane (Palatal plane):
A the line joining anterior nasal spine with posterior nasal spine.
B The line joining gonion and menton
C is the line joining porion and orbitale
D All of the above
E none of the above
12 Mandibular plane:
A the line joining anterior nasal spine with posterior nasal spine.
B The line joining gonion and menton
C is the line joining porion and orbitale
D All of the above
E none of the above
13 Frankfort plane:
A the line joining anterior nasal spine with posterior nasal spine.
B The line joining gonion and menton
C is the line joining porion and orbitale
D All of the above
E none of the above
14 Functional occlusal plane: a line drawn between
A the cusp tips of the permanent molars and premolars
B primary molars and premolars
C primary molars and permanent premolars.
D All of the above

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15 The analysis compares the relationship of the maxilla and mandible with the occlusal plane
A Wits analysis
B Ballard conversion
C Angle ANB
D All of the above
E none of the above
16 Some magnification, usually of the order of ……. per cent, is inevitable with a lateral cephalometric
film.
A 7_8
B 9-6
C 1-3
D All of the above
E none of the above
17 This analysis uses the incisors as indicators of the relative position of the maxilla and mandible.
A Wits analysis
B Ballard conversion
C Angle ANB
D All of the above
E none of the above
18 Prognosis tracing used to
A determine the type and amount of incisor movement required to correct an increased or reverse
overjet
B determine the type only of incisor movement required to correct an increased or reverse overjet
C determine the type only of incisor movement required to correct an increased or reverse overjet
D All of the above
E none of the above
19 Decrease SNB angle indicates
A mandibular retrognthism
B mandibular prognathism
C mandible displacemnt
D All of the above
20 The hard tissue cephalimetrics point ,Nasion refere to
A the most anterior point on the frontonasal suture in the midline
B the most posterior point on the frontonasal suture
C somewhere in the frontonasal ouline in the mid line
D None of the above
21 A common method for evaluting the vertical jaw relationship is
A frankfort_mandibular plane angle
B maxillary mandibular plane angle
C interinciors angle
D SN macillary plane angle

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22 Frankfort plane should bisect the facial plane at an angle of about … and point A should lie on it
A 86°
23 soft tissue analysis is particularly important in diagnosis and planning
A prior to orthognathic surgery.
B after orthognathic surgery
C during orthognathic surgery
D All of the above
E none of the above
24 The Holdaway line is line from
A soft tissue chin to upper lip
B soft tissue chin to lower lip
C soft tissue chin
D none of the above
25 The interincisal angle is the angle formed between
A the most prominent maxillary and mandibular incisors
B the most prominent maxillary and mandibular molars
C the most prominent maxillary and mandibular premolars
D none of the above
26 This line joins the soft tissue chin and the tip of the nose
A Holdaway line
B Rickett’s E-Plane:
C Facial Plane
D none of the above
27 is a line between the soft tissue nasion and the soft tissue chin
A Holdaway line
B Rickett’s E-Plane:
C Facial Plane
D none of the above

Occlusion and Temporo-mandibular joint

1 Is the harmonious static and dynamic relationship of teeth and jaws that dentists would like to
reproduce when restoring a patient’s entire mouth to good form and function.
A Ideal Occlusion
B Normal Occlusion
C Centric Occlusion
D Centric Relation

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Is an absence of large or many facets, bone loss, closed vertical dimension, bruxing habit, freedom
from joint pain, and crooked and loose teeth
A Ideal Occlusion
B Normal Occlusion
C Centric Occlusion
D Centric Relation
It is the maximum intercuspation or contact attained between maxillary and mandibular posterior
teeth
A Ideal Occlusion
B Normal Occlusion
C Centric Occlusion
D Centric Relation
is the most posterior position of the mandible relative to the maxilla at a given vertical dimension.
A Ideal Occlusion
B Normal Occlusion
C Centric Occlusion
D Centric Relation
It is an occlusion that has been modified by appropriate therapeutic modalities in order to change a
nonphysiological occlusion to one that is at least physiologic, if not ideal.
A Ideal Occlusion
B Normal Occlusion
C Therapeutic Occlusion
D Traumatic Occlusion
is an abnormal occlusal stress, which is capable of producing or has produced an injury to the
periodontium.
A Ideal Occlusion
B Normal Occlusion
C Therapeutic Occlusion
D Traumatic Occlusion
The normal range of mouth opening when interincisally measured is between ………………………
A 52 and 58mm
B 51 and 58mm
C 53 and 58mm
D none of the above
Pain or tenderness of the TMJs is determined by
A digital palpation of the joints when the mandible is stationary
B digital palpation of the joints when the mandible is during dynamic movement
C digital palpation of the joints when the mandible is both stationary and during dynamic movement
D none of the above
Palpation of the muscle is accomplished mainly by the palmar surface of the middle finger, with the
index finger and forefinger testing the adjacent areas.
A The temporalis and masseter muscles

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TMD comprises a group of related disorders with multifactorial a etiology including
A psychological
B hormonal,
c genetic,
D traumatic AND occlusal factors
E All of the above
are major factors in the a etiology of TMD and that parafunctional activity
A depression, stress, and sleep
B hormonal,
c genetic,
D traumatic AND occlusal factors
no curve deeper than ………………. is acceptable from a stand point of stability
a 1mm
b 7 mm
c 8mm
d 1.5 mm
A flat occlusal plane is a must for stability of occlusion. It is measured from
A the most prominent cusp of the lower second molar to the lower central incisor
B the most prominent cusp of the lower second molar to the upper central incisor
C the most prominent cusp of the upper second molar to the lower central incisor
D none of the above
rotated, a molar or bicuspid occupies
A more space
B less space
C no need space
D none of the above
A rotated incisor can occupy
A more space
B less space
C no need space
D none of the above
as the “key factor” in the establishment of a class I molar“normal” relationship
A Mandibular first molars
B maxillary first molars
C maxillary second molars
D none of the above
The palatal cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth and the buccal cusps of the mandibular posterior
teeth are referred to
A Centric Holding Cusp
B Stamp Cusp
C Supporting Cusp
D All of the above

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The buccal cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth and the lingual cusps of the mandibular posterior
teeth are called
A Guiding Cusp
B Shear Cusp
C Non-supporting Cusp
D All of the above
Anterior Centric Occlusion Contacts
A consist of the labial and lingual range of contacts of maxillary and mandibular interiors and are in
line with the buccal range of posterior centric contacts
B consist of the buccal range of contacts and the lingual range of contacts of maxillary and mandibular
posteriors.
C both A and B
D NONE of the above
Posterior Centric Occlusion Contacts
A consist of the labial and lingual range of contacts of maxillary and mandibular interiors and are in line
with the buccal range of posterior centric contacts
B consist of the buccal range of contacts and the lingual range of contacts of maxillary and mandibular
posteriors.
C both A and B
D NONE of the above
5.Dental occlusion is defined as:
a.The static, closed contacting position of the upper to lower teeth.
b.A separation of the teeth from occlusion; the opposite occlusion.
c.A physiological occlusion.
d.An aesthetic occlusion.
6.Mesio-occlusion is a dental relationship in which:
a.The Mandibular dental arch is posterior to maxillary dental arch.
b.There is normal anteroposterior dental arches relationship.
c.The Mandibular dental arch is anterior to maxillary dental arch.
d.The position of mandible is posterior to centric relation
44.Andrews's first key to normal occlusion deals with
A.Incisal relationship
B.Canine relationship
C.Molar relationship
D.Third molar relationship
45.Cusp-fossa occlusion is termed as:
A.Supporting cusp of a tooth occludes in a single fossa of a single opposing tooth
B.Supporting cusp of a tooth occludes with two op¬posing teeth
C.Downward movement of both the condyles along with the slopes of me articular eminence
D.None of the above

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Cusp-Embrasure Occlusion
A.Supporting cusp of a tooth occludes in a single fossa of a single opposing tooth
B.Supporting cusp of a tooth occludes with two op¬posing teeth
C.Downward movement of both the condyles along with the slopes of me articular eminence
D.None of the above

Space Analysis

1 Overall ratio
A The sum of the mesiodistal widths of the 12 mandibular teeth should be 91.3% the mesiodistal
widths of the 12 maxillary teeth.
B The sum of the mesiodistal widths of the 12 mandibular teeth should be 92.3% the mesiodistal widths
of the 12 maxillary
C All of the above
D None of the above
2 Anterior ratio
A The sum of the mesiodistal diameter of the 6 mandibular anterior teeth should be 77.2% the
mesiodistal widths of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth
B The sum of the mesiodistal diameter of the 6 mandibular anterior teeth should be 77.3% the
mesiodistal widths of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth
C The sum of the mesiodistal diameter of the 6 mandibular anterior teeth should be 77.5% the
mesiodistal widths of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth
D All of the above
E none of the above
3 Space planning is carried out in 2 phases
A To determine the space required for relief of crowding, overjet correction and creating space for any
planned prostheses
B calculates the amount of space that will be created during treatment by molar distalization, arch
expansion, inter-proximal stripping
C A and B
D NONE OF THE ABOVE
4 The purpose of a mixed dentition analysis is
A to evaluate the amount of space available in the arch for succeeding permanent teeth and
necessary occlusal adjustment
B to determine the space and anchorage requirements for orthodontic treatment.
C A and b
D none of the above
5 Permanent Dentition Analysis
A to evaluate the amount of space available in the arch for succeeding permanent teeth and necessary
occlusal adjustment
B to determine the space and anchorage requirements for orthodontic treatment.

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C A and b
D none of the above
6 If the overall ratio is greater than 91.3%
A then the mandibular tooth material is excessive
B maxillary tooth material is excessive
C the mandibular anterior tooth material is excessive
D the maxilla anterior tooth material is excessive
7 if the overall ratio is less than 91.3%, then
A then the mandibular tooth material is excessive
B maxillary tooth material is excessive
C the mandibular anterior tooth material is excessive
D the maxilla anterior tooth material is excessive
8 if the anterior ratio is less than 77.2%
A then the mandibular tooth material is excessive
B maxillary tooth material is excessive
C the mandibular anterior tooth material is excessive
D the maxilla anterior tooth material is excessive
9 if the anterior ratio is less than 77.2%
A then the mandibular tooth material is excessive
B maxillary tooth material is excessive
C the mandibular anterior tooth material is excessive
D the maxilla anterior tooth material is excessive
10 Bolton’s analysis helps to determine the
A whether the dental arch in narrow or is normal
B the need of arch expansion
C disproportion between the size of the maxillary and mandibular teeth
D none of the above
11 Moyer’s analysis
A analysis used in mixed dentition
B analysis depend on radiograph
C analysis used in mixed and permanent dentition
D it can be done on cast ,in patient mouth ,and on radiograph
12 In mixed dentition analysis
A we predict the width of first and second premolars
B we predict the width of lower caine ,first premolars and seond preomlars only
c we predict the width of lower and upper caine ,first premolars and seond preomlars only
d we predict the width of lower and upper canine only
13 Is a process that allows an estimation of the space required in each arch to fulfil the treatment
aims
A Space Analysis
B serial extraction
C expansion

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D none of the above
14 helps to determine the disproportion between the size of the maxillary and mandibular teeth,best
analysis is
A Bolton’s analysis
B Moyer,s analysis
C Tanaka and Johnson Analysis
D carey,s Analysis
15 The sum of the mesiodistal width of the 12 mandibular teeth compare to the mesiodistal diameter
of the maxillary anterior teeth should be
A 91.3%
B 66.6%
C 77.2%
16 The sum of the mesiodistal diameter of the mandibular anterior teeth compare to the mesiodistal
diameter of the maxillary anterior teeth should be
A 91.3%
B 66.6%
C 77.2%
17 The most commonly used methods used to estimate size of unerupted canine and premolars
A Moyer’s Mixed Dentition Analysis
B Tanaka and Johnson Analysis
C All of the above
D none of the above
18 Space analysis to the space created by
A molar distalization
B arch expansion
C inter-proximal stripping
D All of the above

Crowding-spacing

1 Primary crowding
A crowding is determined genetically and is caused by disproportionately sized teeth and jaws.
B it is an acquired anomaly caused by mesial drift of the posterior teeth after premature loss of
deciduous teeth in the lateral segements
C occurs between the ages of 18 and 20 primarily of the lower anterior teeth
D None of the above
E All of the above
2 Secondary crowding:
A crowding is determined genetically and is caused by disproportionately sized teeth and jaws.
B it is an acquired anomaly caused by mesial drift of the posterior teeth after premature loss of
deciduous teeth in the lateral segements

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C occurs between the ages of 18 and 20 primarily of the lower anterior teeth
D None of the above
E All of the above
3 Tertiary crowding:
A crowding is determined genetically and is caused by disproportionately sized teeth and jaws.
B it is an acquired anomaly caused by mesial drift of the posterior teeth after premature loss of
deciduous teeth in the lateral segements
C occurs between the ages of 18 and 20 primarily of the lower anterior teeth
D None of the above
E All of the above
4 Enamel interproximal reduction or ‘stripping’ is
A the removal of a small amount of enamel on the mesial and distal aspect of teeth
B the removal of a small amount of enamel on the labial and lingual aspect of teeth
C the removal of a small amount of enamel on the lingual and distal aspect of teeth
D All of the above
E none of the above
5 Enamel interproximal reduction or ‘stripping’ is
A can improve the shape and contact points of teeth
B is the removal of a small amount of enamel on the buccal and lingual aspect of teeth.
C on the anterior teeth approximately 0.1mm can be removed on each tooth (0.25mm mesial and distal)
without compromising the health of the teeth.
D All of the above
6 The classification of the crowding according to the etiology
A Primary crowding
B secondary crowding
C Tertiary crowding
D All of the above
7 Tertiary crowding may be attributed to:
A Mesial migration of the posterior teeth owing to forces from the erupting third molars
B Soft tissue pressures being stronger from the lips and cheeks than from the tongue.
C Uprightening of the lower incisors
D Reduction in lower intercanine width
E All of the above
8 As median diastemas tend to reduce or close with ……………………………………
A the eruption of the first molars
B the eruption of the second molars
C the eruption of the canines
D none of the above
9 The mild crowding
A <4 mm
B 3_8mm
C >8mm

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D none of the above
10 The moderate crowding
A <4 mm
B 3_8mm
C >8mm
D none of the above
11 The severe crowding
A <4 mm
B 3_8mm
C >8mm
D none of the above
12 Extra-oral traction using headgear will usually produce up to
A 2–3 mm per side
B 5–3 mm per side
C 9 –3 mm per side
D none of the above
13 Distal movement of the lower first molar is very difficult and in reality, the best that can be
achieved
A is uprighting distally tipped molars
B is uprighting buccally tipped molars
C is uprighting mesially tipped molars
D none of the above
14 Crowding affects approximately ……………….. of Caucasian
A 60%
B 70%
C 80%
D 90%
15 Autotransplantation is the
A is the surgical repositioning of a tooth into a surgically created socket within the same patient
B is the surgical repositioning of a tooth into a surgically created socket within the another patient
C surgical implant of a miniscrew into a surgically created socket within the another patient
D surgical implant of a miniscrew into a surgically created socket within the another patient
16 25_35% missing teeth in the of the population is
A third molars
B second premolars
C upper lateral incisors
D none of the above
17 3% missing teeth in the of the population is
A third molars
B second premolars
C upper lateral incisors
D none of the above

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18 2% missing teeth in the of the population is
A third molars
B second premolars
C upper lateral incisors
D none of the above
19 Space closure by incisor retraction may be preferable in …………….. as it will aid overjet reduction
A Class II division 1
B class lll
C class l
D none of the above
20 When missing of the upper lateral incisors to close of the space by
A mesially inclined canine
B distally inclined canine
C Class III malocclusion
d none of the above
Medically Compromised Patients

1 in DM patient
A Light orthodontic forces without overload on teeth
B Light orthodontic forces without overload on bone
C Light orthodontic forces with overload on teeth
D none of the above
2 which of the following are true regarding to the thalassemia ?
A Maxillary bone marrow undergoes hyperplasia
B causes a distinctive "chip- munk face
C All of the above
D none of the above
3 The chin _munk face is seen in the
A thalassemia
B DM
C Thyroid Disorders
D none of the above
4 The American Heart Association's committee found
A no significant risk for bacteremia from adjustment of orthodontic appliances.
B significant risk for bacteremia from adjustment of orthodontic appliances
C mild significant risk for bacteremia from adjustment of orthodontic appliances
D none of the above
5 If the diagnosis of leukaemia is confirmed before the orthodontic treatment
A orthodontic treatment should be delayed until chemotherapy is complete and at least two years
after bone marrow transplantation

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B the orthodontist must remove all existing orthodontic appliances
C removable retainer can be used
D All of the above
6 If the diagnosis is confirmed during the orthodontic treatment
A the orthodontist must remove all existing orthodontic appliances
B removable retainer can be used
C Orthodontic treatment can be restarted two_years after complication of all required therapy
D All of the above
7 The antibiotic prophylaxis should be given for patient with infective endocarditis?
A one dose before the procedure or up to 2 hours later
B one day befor each orthodontic appointment
C one day after each orthodontic appointment
D none of the above
8 In hemophilic patients:
a. Orthodontic treatment is not contraindicated.
b. Removable appliances are preferable to fixed appliances.
c. Light forces and not to overload the teeth is recommended.
d. Doubling the corticosteroids dose on day of orthognathic surgery.
9 The key to orthodontic treatment for diabetic patients is:
a. Maintaining good oral hygiene.
b. Orthodontic forces should be re-adjusted at shorter intervals.
c. Maintaining good medical control.
d.Antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered.
10 Thalassemia patients characterized by
A skeletal class 2
B anterior and posterior cross bite
C proclined teeth
D A and c
E B and c
11 Patients with hyperthyroidism tend to
A increased amount of tooth movement
B decarase amount of tooth movement
C increased risk of root resorption
D All of the above
12 Patients with hypothyroidism tend to have an
A increased amount of tooth movement
B decarase amount of tooth movement
C increased risk of root resorption
D All of the above
13 Thalassemia
A recommended to apply a medium force in short intervals
B recommended to apply a simple force in short intervals

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C recommended to apply a medium force in lonfg intervals
D none of the above

Orthodontic Indices

1 General requirements of an orthodontics index

A Validity
B Reliability
C Acceptability to profession and public
D Simplicity and cheapness
E All of the above
2 Little’s Irregularity Index (LII) assesses irregularity of ……………………………..
A lower labial segment
B upper labial segment
C both
D none of the above
3 Which of the following index assesses irregularity of lower labial segment ?
A Little’s Irregularity Index (LII)
B Discrepancy Index (DI)
C Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN
D none of the above
4 Aesthetic Component (AC)
A It consists of 10 color photographs showing different levels of dental attractiveness
B It consists of 6 color photographs showing different levels of dental attractiveness
C It consists of 10 color photographs showing same levels of dental attractiveness
D All of the above
E none of the above
5 This index used to evaluate the difficulty of the cases presented for the American Board of
Orthodontics examination. It evaluates criteria from dental models and cephalometric radiographs
A A Little’s Irregularity Index (LII)
B Discrepancy Index (DI)
C Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN
D none of the above
6 Grade 1 in dental component of IOTN mean
A No need for treatment
B Little need for treatment
C Moderate need for treatment
D Great need for treatment
E Very great need for treatment
7 Grade 2 in dental component of IOTN mean
A No need for treatment

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B Little need for treatment
C Moderate need for treatment
D Great need for treatment
E Very great need for treatment
8 Grade 3 in dental component of IOTN mean
A No need for treatment
B Little need for treatment
C Moderate need for treatment
D Great need for treatment
E Very great need for treatment
9 Grade 4 in dental component of IOTN mean
A No need for treatment
B Little need for treatment
C Moderate need for treatment
D Great need for treatment
E Very great need for treatment
10 Grade 5 in dental component of IOTN mean
A No need for treatment
B Little need for treatment
C Moderate need for treatment
D Great need for treatment
E Very great need for treatment
11 PAR reduction < 30%
A Worse or no better
B Improved
C A high standard of treatment
D Greatly improved
12 PAR reduction > 30%
A Worse or no better
B Improved
C A high standard of treatment
D Greatly improved
13 PAR reduction > 70%
A Worse or no better
B Improved
C A high standard of treatment
D Greatly improved
14 PAR reduction of 22 points or greater
A Worse or no better
B Improved
C A high standard of treatment
D Greatly improved

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15 IOTN has its limitations when it is applied to
A The primary teeth
B the permanent teeth
C the mixed dentition
D none of the above

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