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Science 12
Science 12
Philippines
Department of
1. You are standing on a scale in an elevator. You notice that your weight is
decreasing.
What can you conclude? The elevator is_ .
A. Accelerating upward
B. Moving at constant acceleration upward
C. Accelerating downward
D. Moving at constant acceleration downward
2. If the force of gravity on balloon is 3,000N, and the lift force provided by the
atmosphere is 2,900N, in which direction is the net force acting?
A. Upward
B. towards the east
C. Downward
D. there is no net force
3. If a horse pulls on a calesa at rest, the calesa pulls back equally as much on the
horse. Will the calesa be set into motion?
A. No, because the forces cancel each other.
B. Yes, because there is a net force acting on the calesa.
C. Yes, because there is a time delay between action and reaction.
D. Yes, because the horse’s pull on the calesa is larger than the calesa’s pull on
the horse.
5. Two cars are following a 35 ton tractor-trailer truck traveling down the highway at a
high rate of speed. One of the following vehicles is significantly heavier than the
other. Wind coming off the back of the truck shakes them both. One of them does not
sway as much as the other. Which one does not sway as much as the other?
A. The lighter car will sway more than the heavier car.
B. The heavier car will sway more than the lighter car.
C. A only
D. A and B
7. A narrow beam of light is incident on the surface of a plane mirror. The initial angle
between the incident ray and reflected ray is 2α. If the mirror is turned around point
A by the angle Θ what is the change of the angle between two rays?
(A) Θ (B) 2Θ (C) 4Θ (D) Θ/2 (E) Θ/4
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8. A candle is placed in front of a concave mirror. The image produced by the mirror
is:
A. Real, inverted and magnified
B. Real, inverted and demagnified
C. Virtual, upright and magnified
D. Virtual, upright and demagnified
E. Real, upright and magnified
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9. A very narrow light ray AB strikes the surface of a concave mirror as shown on the
diagram. Which of the following diagrams represents the reflected ray?
A.
D.
B.
E.
B.
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. II and III
D. II and IV
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11. One of two identical twins is an astronaut, while the other is areal estate broker. The
astronaut embarks on high speed space travel and is gone for several years. Upon the
astronaut’s return, the two twins reunite and observed their physical appearances. The
observation will be that .
A. Both have aged the same
B. The astronaut has aged less
C. The astronaut more
D. The real estate broker has aged less
12. The following physical quantities are classified as the fundamental quantities of
measure: time, length, and mass. The mass of the body is believed to be constant
wherever it is taken and we consider it also the same whether the body is in motion or at
rest. However, Einstein considers the mass of a moving body not constant. Why is this
so can be understood by the law of acceleration. Recall that acceleration depends not
only on force but also on the mass of the object as well. Einstein believed that when
work is done on the object to increase its velocity, its mass increases as well. So, the
force produces less and less acceleration as velocity increases. The relationship
between mass and velocity is given in the following equation:
to an observer. It plays a very important role in attaining the effects of time dilation,
have to add two or more velocities together in an equation. According to the special
theory of
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15. Read the following information and answer the question below.
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Which of the following statements is correct about food containers that are
utilized and safe for microwaves?
A. They do not contain polar molecules and are therefore not affected by
microwaves.
B. They contain polar molecules and are therefore affected by microwaves.
C. They do not contain nonpolar molecules and are therefore not affected by
microwaves.
D. They contain nonpolar molecules and are therefore affected by microwaves.
16. A student heated a beaker of cold water (on a tripod) with an alcohol lamp. When
the gas is ignited, the student noticed that there was water condensed on the
outside of the beaker. Which of the statements best described the observation?
A. The gases from the environment react with the heat from the alcohol lamp and
condense.
B. The gases from the alcohol lamp condense on the outside of the cold beaker.
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C. The water from the container seeps into the wall of the beaker.
D. When methane burns in the air, it forms carbon dioxide and water vapor. The
water vapor condenses on the outside of the cold beaker.
17. Suppose you are hiking in one of the mountains of Bukidnon. Upon reaching your
destined area, you decide to hard-boil an egg and eat it to help regain your strength
following the strenuous work. To your surprise, the water seems to boil more quickly
than usual, but after 10 min in boiling water, the egg is still not cooked. Due to a
decrease in atmospheric pressure, it takes less energy to bring the water to its
boiling point. Hence due to less energy needed, the water boils at a lower
temperature. The summit of the mountain is 9,511 ft above sea level. At this
altitude, the atmospheric pressure is only about 0.7 atm.
Figure 1 below shows how pressure affects the melting point and boiling point of
water.
Figure 1. This phase diagram tells us that increasing the pressure on ice lowers its
melting point and that increasing the pressure of liquid water raises its boiling point.
For numbers 18 -19, read the following section of an article about the DNA
Fingerprinting
18. The following statements explain how DNA profiling (fingerprinting) can be used
to identify people by their unique genetic code EXCEPT.
A. identify suspects whose DNA may match evidence left at crime scenes
B. clear persons wrongly accused of crimes
C. identify fathers in paternity cases
D. identify unknown remains using ashes.
19. Which of the following is the correct order for obtaining a DNA fingerprint?
I. X-ray fil detects radioactive patterns. These patterns are then compared to the
original sample.
II.DNA is extracted from the blood sample, then the restriction enzymes cut DNA
into fragments
III. Fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis and the band pattern is
transferred to a nylon membrane
IV. Radioactive DNA probe binds to specific DNA sequences
A. III, II, I, IV B. I, III, IV, II C. II, III, IV, I D. IV, I, III, II
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20. What are the relative rates of the reaction in these three containers?
A. The relative rates for (i), (ii), and (iii) are 1:2:3
B. The relative rates for (i), (ii), and (iii) are 4:3:6
C. The relative rates for (i), (ii), and (iii) are 6:3:4
D. The relative rates for (i), (ii), and (iii) are 2:4:6
21. How would the relative rates be affected if the volume of each container were
doubled?
A. The relative rates would be unaffected, but each of the absolute rates would
decrease by 50%.
B. The relative rates would be affected, and each of the absolute rates would
increase by 50%.
C. Both the relative and absolute rates would decrease by 50%.
D. Both the relative and absolute rates would be unaffected.
22. What are the relative half-lives of the reactions in (i) to (iii)?
A. The relative half-lives are 1:1:1.
B. The relative half-lives are 1:2:3.
C. The relative half-lives are 4:3:6.
D. The relative half-lives are 6:3:4.
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For numbers 23-24, read the following information and answer the question below:
24. Which of the following best describes the role of a catalyst in a chemical
reaction?
A. A substance that is being used during a chemical reaction.
B. Catalysts increase the activation energy of a chemical reaction.
C. A catalyst decreases the speed of a reaction and lowers product yield.
D. A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up.
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To make bread dough, a cook mixes flour, water, salt and yeast. After mixing, the
dough is placed in a container for several hours to allow the process of fermentation to
take place. During fermentation, a chemical change occurs in the dough: the yeast (a
single-celled fungus) helps to transform the starch and sugars in the flour into carbon
dioxide and alcohol. A few hours after mixing the dough, the cook weighs the dough and
observes that its weight has decreased. The weight of the dough is the same at the start
of each of the four experiments shown below.
25. Which two experiments should the cook compared to test if the yeast is the
cause of the loss of weight?
A. The cook should compare experiments 1 and 2.
B. The cook should compare experiments 1 and 3.
C. The cook should compare experiments 2 and 4.
D. The cook should compare experiments 3 and 4.
26. The bread consumed will be degraded, or broken down, in our bodies to provide
energy for growth and function. A general overall equation for this very complex
process represents the degradation of glucose (C6H12O6) to carbon dioxide (CO2)
and water (H2O):
If 500.0 g of C6H12O6 is consumed by a person over a certain period, what is the
mass (in gram, g) of CO2 and H2O produced? ( 6C12.01 1H1.01 8O
16.0
)
The chemical reaction is C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O
A. 311.2 g CO2 and 650.0 g H2O C. 732.8 g CO2 and 300.0 g H2O
B. 150.0 g CO2 and 903.4 g H2O D. 545.20 g CO2 and 447.0 g H2O
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Four boxes contain different organisms. Box A has organism with a waxy cuticle
to protect it against water loss. Box B contains organism with Xylem and Phloem. Inside
Box C is an organism with connective tissues like cartilage, blood, bone, and adipose.
Box D has organism with unspecified tissues. Its tendons are covered with Xylem and
phloem while its hairs are attached directly to its bones with no epithelial tissues at all.
28. Which of the following boxes contains organism that is NOT a plant?
A. Box C B. Box B C. Box E D. Box A
29. Which of the following tissue can also be found in Box A and B?
A. Muscular Tissue C. Neural Tissue
B. Vascular Tissue D. Epithelial Tissue
30. Which of the following boxes contains neither animals nor plants and is considered
unidentified species?
A. Box D B. Box C C. Box A D. Box B
31. An unidentified flying object (UFO) has cells with a typical nucleus with a nuclear
envelope, where its DNA lies inside it and is commonly linear. It does not have
mesosomes yet contains golgi apparatus. Which of the following statements best
describes this UFO?
A. The UFO is a prokaryote. C. It definitely possesses a eukaryotic
cell.
B. It is a kind of bacteria. D. It is probably an alien with indistinct feature.
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Plants and animals may reproduce either sexually or asexually. In both cases,
this is the reason why species survived for thousands of years. Just like any other
vertebrates for example, human reproduce sexually by the joint of a sperm cell and
egg cell to form embryo. On the other hand, some organisms like bacteria and sponges
reproduce having no gametes involved. Yet, there are also exceptional cases that
some organisms may reproduce like for example those honey bees and even
earthworms are called hermaphrodites. However, unlike animals, reproduction in
plants specifically in Gumamela is unique and is termed double fertilization.
34. Which of the following immune responses do kalabo plant, gabon-gabon, asunting,
and lagundi possess?
A. Basal response
B. Hypersensitive response
C. Systemic acquired immunity
D. Jasmonic acid/ethylene pathway
35. What kind of immune response do some plants have for them not to be eaten by the
herbivores?
A. Basal response
B. Jasmonic acid/ethylene pathway
C. Systemic acquired immunity
D. Hypersensitive response
36. Kingdom Animalia shares a common characteristic with all its organisms. They have
several organ systems performing together for a common function yet a portion of it
differs from one species to another. Just like their firm framework which gives physical
support and protection for the body and provides surfaces for the attachment of
muscles. Earthworms have liquid support of their bodies. Corals, mollusks, crabs, and
insects are being protected with rigid external covering and it also serves as a
defensive armor for certain animals like turtles, crabs, and armadillos. Fishes, frogs,
chickens, and other vertebrates including humans have a hard framework inside their
bodies. Some of the muscles which attached to these skeletons are voluntary and can
be control by thinking like muscles of our arms and legs. Others are involuntary
which means they work automatically and without voluntary control; it move food
along the digestive system and allows the heart to pump and never stop working. How
do crabs differ from chickens?
A. Crabs have exoskeleton while chickens have hydrostatic skeleton.
B. Crabs have endoskeleton while chickens have exoskeleton.
C. Crabs have exoskeleton while chickens have endoskeleton.
D. Crabs have endoskeleton while chickens have hydrostatic skeleton.
38. Earth, the largest spaceship we lived in, has a very dramatic history. As we all
know, this is the only planet in our solar system that can sustain life ever discovered.
Yet, it started with the “chaotic eon”. Earth’s surface was continually bombarded by
meteorites and the very hot mantle caused severe volcanism. Earth would look very
inhospitable.
As time passed by, Earth was probably warm and the atmosphere contained
mostly methane and little to no oxygen. Most of it was covered with ocean and continent
formation began.
Until then, it was experiencing the longest period that lasted almost half of its age. It was
the time of great changes: oxygenation of the atmosphere, origin and diversification of
eukaryote life, appearance of multicellular animal life, and the motion of continental drift.
After which, many fossils were found in layers of sedimentary rocks. Marine
invertebrate probably lived near the shores of shallow water. Fossils of trilobites and
brachiopods were found preserved in rocks. Amphibians came out of the sea and land
plants also began to develop during this period. Giant ferns and marsh plants provided
food to land animals which increased in number. Marine life also developed. Clams and
snails also increased in number. Fish became more abundant and showed a greater
variety of forms.
It passed an era which saw the formation of several continents. The large
creatures that existed were the dinosaurs. North and South America, Australia, Africa,
and India became separate plates. Reptiles were the first true terrestrial vertebrates
existed which flourished. However, many reptile groups became extinct.
Mountains were uplifted and new life forms started appearing after quite
sometime. Volcanic activity was also widespread, forming immense flows of lava and
basalt. Warm- blooded animals, such as marsupials like kangaroo, and primitive
mammals, roamed the land. And from this point in time, humans left their marks on
land.
Petrologists Vinxcent and Xiah are strolling while visiting to their grandpa’s place.
Along the way, they are fun of collecting peculiar rocks. Two of the rocks from Vinxcent’s
hand are solidified lava he called basalt and rhyolite while Xiah picked solidified magma
she named granite and gabbro. Not too distant from their grandpa’s house is a river
where they collected quite number of rocks formed from weathering, erosion,
compaction and cementation of sediments in which some of those rocks has fossil
remains of leaves and fishes. They were so amazed by the gigantic foliated and non-
foliated rocks formed because of heat and pressure/stress around their grandpa’s
paradisiacal park.
40. Which of the following rocks are examples from Vinxcent’s hand?
A. Intrusive Igneous Rocks C. Extrusive Igneous Rocks
B. Sedimentary Rocks D. Metamorphic Rocks
41. Which of the following classification of rocks best describes the rocks they found
near the river?
A. Intrusive Igneous Rocks C. Metamorphic Rocks
B. Extrusive Igneous Rocks D. Sedimentary Rocks
42. Which of the following are the rocks picked by Xiah herself along their way while
strolling their grandpa’s place?
A. Extrusive Igneous Rocks C. Intrusive Igneous Rocks
B. Non-foliated Rocks D. Bioclastics
43. Which of the following is the rock found in paradisiacal park of their grandpa?
A. Clastic Sedimentary Rock C. Organic Sedimentary Rock
B. Metamorphic Rock D. Igneous Rock
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The Grand Canyon is located in a desert in the USA. It is a very large and deep
canyon containing many layers of rock. Sometime in the past, movements in the Earth’s
crust lifted these layers up. The Grand Canyon is now 1.6 km deep in parts. The
Colorado River runs through the bottom of the canyon. Several different layers of rock
can be seen in the walls of the canyon.
44. The temperature in the Grand Canyon ranges from below 0ᴼC to over 40ᴼC.
Although it is a desert area, cracks in the rocks sometimes contain water. How do
these temperature changes and the water in rock cracks help to speed up the
breakdown of rocks?
45. There are many fossils of marine animals, such as clams, fish and corals, in the
Limestone A layer of the Grand Canyon. What happened millions of years ago that
explains why such fossils are found there?
A. In ancient times, people brought seafood to the area from the ocean.
B. Oceans were once much rougher and sea life washed inland on giant waves.
C. An ocean covered this area at that time and then receded later.
D. Some sea animals once lived on land before migrating to the sea.
46. Limestones when exposed to a carbonic acid produced by the reaction of water and
carbon dioxide may causes weathering is a best example of
A. Oxidation B. Hydrolysis C. Erosion D. Carbonation
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47. The following scenarios best describe biological activities which helped in the
physical disintegration of rocks or at near earth’s surface, EXCEPT
A. Ants, rats, and earthworms break down rocks through burrowing.
B. Miners in search of gold ores in Surigao del Norte.
C. Plant roots can penetrate soil and break down rocks.
D. Oxygen and water reacts with iron-rich minerals producing a
reddish-orange color.
The figure above shows how water supplied to houses in cities is made fit for drinking.
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49. It is important to have a source of good drinking water. Water found underground is
referred to as ground water. Which of the following reasons best explain why there is
less bacteria and particle pollution in ground water than in water from surface sources
such as lakes and rivers?
50. Suppose that the scientists involved in the testing of water at the water plant
discover that there are some dangerous bacteria in the water after the cleaning
process is completed. What should people at home do with this water before drinking
it?
A. Mix the water with chloride in a bucket and then drink it.
B. Boil the water.
C. Use a coffee filter to purify it again.
D. Buy bottled water until the cleaning process is fixed.
Prepared by:
NORMAN C. APLISE
Pangantucan National High School
JEANALYN A. CELIS
Old Damulog NHS
EMILIE A. FRANJE
Bukidnon National School of Home Industries