2b. Copies of Relevant Parts of Specs.

Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project

Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

SECTION 321400 -- UNIT PAVING

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY
1
.
A. General
1. Drawings and general provisions of the contract, and the minimum standard
acceptable shall be as specified in the Standard Construction Specifications
(ADQCC) and Abu Dhabi Emirate Guideline for Infrastructure Services
Standards, 2nd edition, September 2020, and Al Ain City Municipality (AACM).
2. Refer also to the Technical Reference Sheet (TRS) which lists the reference codes
and accompanying descriptions used to reference and identify systems/
components/ products indicated on the Design Drawings.
B. Engineer’s Designed Work
1. Refer to Contractor's Responsibilities in Division 01 General Requirements,
Section 011000 Summary for specific requirements.
2. Supply, deliver, install and warrant the work in strict compliance with the materials
and workmanship requirements of the Specification.
3. Where a particular material, product or supplier is specified, the material, product
or supplier shall be deemed indicative representing the Engineer's Design Intent
only. Complete the installation using the specified or other product acceptable to
the Engineer, in writing. Be fully responsible for the Detailed Design and
performance of the work.
4. Where required to prepare Shop Drawings, these shall be limited to final detailing
of components, systems and other required elements indicated on the Design
Drawings, necessary to demonstrate their safe installation.
5. Where products are offered by the Contractor for acceptance by the Engineer,
provide full supporting documentation in respect of the complete system or
installation.
C. Included Systems/ Products
1. Concrete Unit Paving - Vehicular
2. Concrete Unit Paving - Pedestrian
3. Concrete Unit Paving – Border / Edging
4. Loose Laid River Pebbles
5. Metal Edging
6. Stone Setts
7. Porcelain Tactile Paver

1.2 SUBMITTALS

A. General
1. Comply with the requirements of Division 01 General Requirements, Section
013300 Submittal Procedures and submit the following.
B. Post Contract Submittals

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Date: July 2023

1. Refer to Division 01 General Requirements, Section 014000 Quality

Requirements.

C. Post Contract Samples

1. 3 No. samples of each type.

2. Jointing sand sample.

D. Closeout Submittals

1. Comply with the requirements of Division 01 General Requirements, Section

017800 Closeout Submittals and submit the following:

a) Warranties.

b) Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Manuals.

1. 3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. General

1. Refer also to the requirements of Division 01 General Requirements,

Section 014000 Quality Requirements.

B. Manufacturer's Qualifications

1. Obtain units and associated materials from manufacturers having at least 10

years' experience of producing similar items.

2. Certification to ISO 9001 or operates a quality system acceptable to the Engineer.

C. Source of Supply

1. Obtain each type of unit paver, joint material, and setting material from a single
source with resources to provide materials and products of consistent quality in
appearance and physical properties.

D. Mock-ups

1. To be confirmed by the Engineer.

E. Prototypes

1. Not required.

F. Quality Benchmark

1. Following agreement of samples, an area of 25m² of each type of module in

location to be agreed with the Engineer.

G. Preconstruction Testing/ Reports

1. Submit reports of independent tests demonstrating that the products and

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

systems comply with the specified performance requirements.

2. Where test results for a material or product are not available, undertake testing to
show compliance with the Specification at an independent testing laboratory
acceptable to the Engineer.

3. The provision of testing data or the carrying-out of tests does not relieve the
Contractor of his responsibilities regarding the performance requirements,
durability or service life requirements.

1. 4 WARRANTY

H. General

1. Refer to the Warranty Schedule.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 SYSTEMS/ PRODUCTS

A. Type EXH-101 Concrete Unit Paving - Vehicular

1. Description: Precast concrete exterior unit paving with slip resistant finish to
areas indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Unit Pavers: Manufacturer, size, thickness, finish, color and edge detail shall be
as indicated on the Hardscape Schedule. Layout pattern and configuration shall
be as indicated on the Design Drawings.

3. Bedding

a) Material: Compacted black sand containing not more than 3% silt and
clay by weight, or reinforced mortar bedding, as indicated on the Design
Drawings.

b) Thickness: As indicated on the Design Drawings.

4. Joints: Sand infill joints or dry mortar joints as indicated on the Design Drawings.

B. Type EXH-111 Concrete Unit Paving - Pedestrian

1. Description: Precast concrete exterior unit paving with slip resistant finish to
areas indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Unit Pavers: Manufacturer, size, thickness, finish, color and edge detail shall be
as indicated on the Hardscape Schedule. Layout pattern and configuration shall
be as indicated on the Design Drawings.

3. Bedding

a) Material: Compacted black sand containing not more than 3% silt and
clay by weight, or reinforced mortar bedding, as indicated on the Design
Drawings.

b) Thickness: As indicated on the Design Drawings.

4. Joints: Sand infill joints or dry mortar joints as indicated on the Design Drawings.

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Landscape Specification
 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

C. Type EXH-131 Concrete Unit Paving - Border/ Edging

1. Description: Precast concrete exterior unit paving with slip resistant finish to
areas indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Unit Pavers: Manufacturer, size, thickness, finish, color and edge detail shall be
as indicated on the Hardscape Schedule. Layout pattern and configuration shall
be as indicated on the Design Drawings.

3. Bedding

a) Material: Use the following where indicated on the Design Drawings, in

accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.

1. Compacted black sand containing not more than 3% silt and clay by
weight.
2. Reinforced mortar bedding.

3. Adhesive with a strength of 2MPa.

b) Thickness: As indicated on the Design Drawings.

4. Joints: Sand infill joints or dry mortar joints as indicated on the Design Drawings.

D. Type EXH-512 Loose Laid River Pebbles

1. Description: Locally sourced aggregate laid loose to lake edges and other
areas indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Aggregate Surfacing

a) Material: Smooth, washed, rounded riverbed gravel free from fractures,

loam, sand or other foreign substances.

b) Size, Finish and Colors: As indicated on the Hardscape Schedule/ Design

Drawings.

c) Laid Thickness: As indicated on the Hardscape Schedule.

3. Base Materials: Compacted granular sub-base of thickness and grading

indicated on the Design Drawings.

4. Geotextile Membrane: Woven or nonwoven geotextile membrane as

required to suit service conditions laid in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations to the prepared subbase.

a) For Lake Edge Condition, provide the following geotextile build-up as

detailed on the Design Drawings:

1. First Layer: 200mm needle punched staple fiber nonwoven geotextile

membrane as NAUE Secutex R501 or acceptable equivalent.

2. Second Layer: 200mm chemical resistant HDPE geomembrane as

NAUE Carbofol of acceptable equivalent.

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Landscape Specification
 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

3. Top Layer: 150mm needle punched stable fiber nonwoven geotextile

membrane as NAUE Terrafix 813 or acceptable equivalent.

5. Edge Restraint: Aluminum edging with mill finish, securely anchored to the
ground and as indicated on the Design Drawings.

E. Type EXH-391 Metal Edging

1. Description: Metal edging to hardscape areas as indicated on the Design

Drawings.

2. Substrate: As indicated on the Design Drawings.

3. Manufacturer and Product Reference: As indicated on the Hardscape Schedule.

4. Size, finish and color shall be indicated on the Hardscape Schedule.

5. Edgings shall be spike fixed to the sub-base, using metal anchoring spikes
every 1m, in accordance with the manufacturer's instruction.

6. 50mm minimum overlap shall be required at the connection points of the

interlocking channels.

F. Stone Setts

1. Description: Exterior stone sett paving with slip resistant finish to areas
indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Setts: Manufacturer, stone type, size, thickness, finish, color and edge detail
shall be as indicated on the Hardscape Schedule. Layout pattern and
configuration shall be as indicated on the Design Drawings.

3. Bedding

a) Material: Compacted black sand containing not more than 3% silt and clay
by weight, or reinforced mortar bedding, as indicated on the Design
Drawings.

b) Thickness: As indicated on the Design Drawings.

Joints: Sand infill joints or dry mortar joints as indicated on the Design Drawings.

G. Type EXH-151 Porcelain Tactile Paver

1. Description: Detectable warning unit paving with truncated dome detectable

warning surface with slip-resistant surface treatment on domes, to areas
indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Tactile Pavers: Manufacturer, size, thickness, finish, color and edge detail shall
be as indicated on the Hardscape Schedule. Layout pattern and configuration
shall be as indicated on the Design Drawings.

3. Bedding

a) Material: Reinforced mortar bedding.

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
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Date: July 2023

b) Thickness: As indicated on the Design Drawings.

4. Joints: Grouted joints.

5. Provide angle or L-shape metal edge protection trim, height to match tile and
setting-bed thickness, as recommended by the tactile paving manufacturer.

2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA

A. General

1. System build-ups shall be as indicated on the Design Drawings.

2. Pavings shall be constructed as complete integrated systems, including all

accessories and components necessary to complete the works.

3. Provide curbs and edge restraints as indicated on the Design Drawings. Refer
to Section 321600 Curbs and Gutters.

4. Paving Sealer:

a) Provide colorless, stain- and slip-resistant sealer, not affecting color or

physical properties of paving unit surfaces as recommended by paving unit
producers for application indicated.

b) Paving units shall be fully sealed on all sides to prevent absorption

B. Formation and Sub-base

1. The works shall be installed on a formation and/ or sub-base prepared in

accordance with the Structural Engineer's documentation.

C. Grouts

1. Unless specified otherwise, grout shall be recommended by the paver

manufacturer to suit the service conditions.

2. Grout shall be water impervious, mold and chemical resistant, and suitable for
exterior conditions.

3. Grout shall be non-staining.

D. Sustainability Requirements

1. Minimum 30% of all aggregates provided are recycled (by volume) in

compliance with the Credit SM- 3 Recycled Materials requirements of The
Pearl Rating System for Estidama, Community Rating System, Design &
Construction, Version 1.0.

2. Provide a strategy for soil amendment and a site plan demonstrating the
location and type of application applied in compliance with PW-1.1: Community
Water Use Reduction: Landscaping requirements of The Pearl Rating System
for Estidama, Community Rating System, Design & Construction, Version 1.0.

2.3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
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Date: July 2023

A. General

1. The work shall be detailed, manufactured and installed to accommodate all

movements of the substrates without damage or any reduction in the
performance.
2. A Method Statement for the installation of all the work shall be provided, taking
into account movements of the structural slab including:

a) Dimensional setting out and joints alignment.

b) Construction tolerances.

c) Movement joints, bay joints and relief joints.

d) Full adhesion.

e) Full bed without hollows.

f) Cracking to grouted joints, which will not be acceptable.

3. Refer to and take account of the structural movements as indicated in the

Structural Engineer's documentation.

4. A full understanding of the behavior of the building structure, its movements

and its effects upon the work is required.

5. The work shall not deflect under loading in any way that is detrimental to any
element of the work or adjacent structural or building elements.

B. Live Loads

1. The work shall be capable of accommodating the following live loads without
any reduction in performance:

a) Movements of the concrete slabs and loads imposed upon them.

b) All loads resulting from movements of the structure as a whole.

c) Loads from a 2½ ton cherry picker type access machine.

d) Working loads up to 11.5-ton axle load shared between two wheels with
assumed 300mm x 300mm area of tyres producing an ultimate load of
1.8N/ mm².

C. Dead Loads

1. The work's own dead load shall be accommodated locally and without causing
deflections or movements that affect abutting elements.

2. The dead loads derived from permanent fixtures or services attached to the
surfaces of the work shall be accommodated without any reduction in
performance.

D. Thermal Movement

1. The work shall be capable of withstanding differential surface temperatures

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Landscape Specification
 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

without any reduction in the specified performance. Any movement joints, as

necessary to cater for any thermal movement, shall be provided.

E. Moisture Movement

1. The work shall withstand the following movement without permanent

deformation or any reduction in the specified performance:

a) Due to changes in the moisture content of its components, resulting from

variations in the moisture content of the air.

b) Due to drying shrinkage of building components, both short term and long
term.

F. Durability

1. The performance requirements shall be achieved for the full service life of the
works.
2. The works shall perform throughout the service life without failure resulting from
defects in design, materials or workmanship. Failure shall be defined as
breakage, disengagement of components, deflection beyond stated values,
reduction in performance or unacceptable change in appearance.

3. Electro-chemical corrosion or staining resulting from water running from one

material to another shall be prevented.

G. Slip Resistance

1. When tested using the TRL Pendulum Tester, paving, inclusive of surface
treatment, shall achieve the following pendulum test value (PTV):

a) Dry: Not less than 40 PTV.

b) Wet: Not less than 40 PTV.

2. When tested using the surface roughness meter, flooring shall achieve the
following surface roughness (Rz) value:

a) Not less than 20 µm Rz.

2.4 MATERIALS

A. Concrete Pavers

1. Solid interlocking paving units in accordance with ASTM C936 made from normal-
weight aggregates.

2. Solid paving units in accordance with ASTM C1491, made from lightweight
concrete.

B. Metalwork

1. Aluminum Extruded Profiles: ASTM B 221M.

2. Steel Plates and Shapes: ASTM A 36/ A 36M.

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

3. Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bars: ASTM A 666.

C. Finishes to Metalwork
1. Refer to Section 050513 Shop Applied Coatings for Metal.

D. Bedding Materials

1. Aggregate Setting-Bed Materials

a) Graded Aggregate for Subbase: Sound, crushed stone or gravel in

accordance with ASTM D448 for Size No.57 for light traffic uses and ASTM
D2940, subbase material for heavy-duty applications.

b) Graded Aggregate for Base: Sound, crushed stone or gravel in accordance

with ASTM D448 for Size No.8 for light traffic uses and ASTM D2940, base
material for heavy-duty applications.

c) Sand for Leveling Course: Sound, sharp, washed, natural sand or crushed
stone complying with gradation requirements in ASTM C33 for fine
aggregate.

d) Sand for Joints: Fine, sharp, washed, natural sand or crushed stone with
100% passing 1.18mm sieve and no more than 10% passing 0.075mm
sieve.

e) Separation Geotextile: Woven geotextile fabric, manufactured for

separation applications; made from polyolefins or polyesters, with
elongation less than 50%; complying with AASHTO M 288 and the
following, measured per test methods referenced.

1. Survivability: Class 2, AASHTO M 288.

2. Apparent Opening Size: 0.250mm sieve, maximum; ASTM D4751.

3. Permittivity: 0.02 per second, minimum; ASTM D4491.

4. UV Stability: 50% after 500 hours' exposure, ASTM D4355.

f) Drainage Geotextile: Nonwoven needle-punched geotextile fabric,

manufactured for subsurface drainage applications, made from polyolefins or
polyesters; with elongation greater than 50%; complying with AASHTO M
288 and the following, measured per test methods referenced.

1. Survivability: Class 2, AASHTO M 288.

2. Apparent Opening Size: 0.425mm sieve, maximum; ASTM D4751.

3. Permittivity: 0.5 per second, minimum; ASTM D4491.

4. UV Stability: 50% after 500 hours' exposure, ASTM D4355.

2. Mortar Setting-Bed Materials

a) Portland Cement: ASTM C150, Type I or Type II.

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
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Date: July 2023

b) Hydrated Lime: ASTM C207, Type S.

c) Sand: ASTM C144.

d) Latex Additive: Manufacturer's standard water emulsion, serving as

replacement for part or all of gaging water, of type specifically recommended
by latex-additive manufacturer for use with field-mixed Portland cement and
aggregate mortar bed, and not containing a retarder.

e) Thinset Mortar: Latex-modified Portland cement mortar complying with ANSI

A118.4.

f) Water: Potable.

g) Reinforcing Wire Fabric: Galvanized, welded wire fabric, In accordance

with ASTM A185/ A185M and ASTM A82/ A82M except for minimum wire
size.

E. Grout Materials
1. Sand-Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A108.10, composed of white or gray
cement and white or colored aggregate as required to produce color indicated.

2. Standard Cement Grout: In accordance with ANSI A118.6, sanded.

3. Polymer-Modified Tile Grout: In accordance with ANSI A118.7, sanded.

4. Thinset Mortar: Latex-modified Portland cement mortar complying with ANSI

A118.4.

5. Water: Potable.

F. Mortar and Grout Mixes

1. Comply with referenced standards and with manufacturer's written

recommendations for mix proportions, mixing equipment, mixer speeds, mixing
containers, mixing times, and other procedures needed to produce setting-bed
and joint materials of uniform quality and with optimum performance
characteristics.

2. Use water only when stated as appropriate by the manufacturer in the mix
recommendations.

3. Discard mortars and grout if they have reached their initial set before being used.

2.5 SOURCE QUALITY CONTROL/ TESTING

A. Testing of Paving

1. All sampling and testing of the unit paving shall be carried out in accordance
with the standards specified.

2. Additional testing and sampling shall be performed if the work does not comply with
the Specification.

3. Acceptance shall only be given to complying paving. Inform the Engineer of test
results for paving not originally complying. The official certification of test results

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Date: July 2023

shall be given after acceptance and before manufacture of the paving.

4. As soon as the sources of the units have been accepted, instruct the testing
authority to carry out the following tests:

a) Compressive strength.

b) Absorption percentage.

c) Soluble salt content.

d) Drying shrinkage or moisture expansion.

e) Mechanical test on completion, 5% of slabs shall be tested to prove adequate

bedding adhesion.

B. Mortar Testing

1. All tests on wet or hardened mortar samples shall be carried out in accordance
with the standards specified.

2. Samples shall be taken at the point of mixing or use. The frequency of sampling
shall be in accordance with the standards specified.

3. Additional tests and sampling shall be performed if the mortar does not comply with
the Specification.

4. Subject to the test results, the specified nominal mix proportions shall be
adjusted and tested.

5. Unless acceptance is obtained to the contrary, the consistency of fresh mixed

mortar shall comply with the quality recommended in the standards specified.

6. Any paving containing mortar that does not comply with the requirements of the
Specification shall be demolished and removed.
C. Sieve Analyses

1. For aggregate setting-bed materials, in accordance with ASTM C136.

2.6 FABRICATION

A. General

1. Cut to the required shape out of solid stone blocks.

2. Form units in the largest lengths practical, with ends cut to maintain a consistent
joint width. Form curved sections with parallel sides except for a tight radius
bend where they shall be cut from an appropriately sized square of stone.

3. Apply the required finish to exposed faces.

4. Mix mortar materials in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

B. Tolerances

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Date: July 2023

1. The specified slab thickness dimensions shall be minimum, with an upper limit of
+5mm.

2. Width and lengths of varying sizes shall not deviate by more than ±2mm of the
described size.

3. Paving sizes stated in the Specification are nominal and the actual sizes
required to meet the joint sizes shall be determined by the Contractor.

4. Slabs shall be butted/ manufactured with the tolerance of ±0.5mm.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION
A. General
1. Prior to commencing installation, examine the substrate, adjacent construction
and conditions in which the work will be installed. Verify dimensions, bases and
surfaces to receive the work of this Section. Notify the Engineer of
unsatisfactory conditions.
2. Where pavers are to be installed over waterproofing, examine waterproofing
installation, with waterproofing Installer present, for protection from paving
operations, including areas where waterproofing system is turned up or flashed
against vertical surfaces.
3. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected
and waterproofing protection is in place.
3.2 PREPARATION

A. General
1. Remove substances from concrete substrates that could impair mortar bond,
including curing and sealing compounds, form oil, and laitance.
2. Sweep concrete substrates to remove dirt, dust, debris, and loose particles.
B. Acceptance of Base

1. Before starting work, the points stated below shall be followed:

a) The base shall be sound, clean and suitably close textured.

b) The levels and falls of the base shall be as detailed, within the specified
tolerance of ±12mm.

c) Drainage outlets shall be within +0 to -10mm of the required finished level.

3.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Delivery

1. Carefully pack and load the paving units to prevent damage without causing staining
or discoloration.

2. Deliver bulk materials in sealed bags clearly marked with their weight and
products in unopened manufacturer's packaging, clearly identified with relevant

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Date: July 2023

information.

B. Storage

1. Store paving units on wood platforms at least 100mm clear of the ground and
protect with waterproof covers to prevent staining. Store products in accordance
with the manufacturer's recommendations. Store bulk materials on impervious
bases and in separate bins to prevent contamination.

2. Store cementitious materials on elevated platforms, under cover and in a dry

location. Do not use cementitious materials that have become damp.

3. Store aggregates where grading and other required characteristics can be

maintained and contamination avoided.

C. Handling

Handle paving units carefully to avoid damage to face and edges. Reject
1.
damaged materials or those otherwise unfit for use.
3.4 INSTALLATION

D. Environmental Conditions

1. Temperature

a) Do not use any cement-based materials when the temperature is below 4°C
and falling.

b) Protect uncured work from damage, sunlight and rapid drying; provide
insulated and polyethylene as applicable.

2. Precipitation

a) Do not use saturated materials.

b) Do not perform grading or compaction of sub-bases when the ground is

saturated or covered with standing water.

c) Protect formed levels and prepared bases from heavy rainfall.

d) Do not carry out paving work during rainfall.

e) Protect items set with mortar from rain until fully cured, with suitable covers.

3. Weather Limitations for Mortar and Grout

a) Hot-Weather Requirements: Comply with hot-weather construction

requirements contained in ACI 530.1/ ASCE 6/ TMS 602. Provide artificial
shade and windbreaks and use cooled materials as required. Do not apply
mortar to substrates with temperatures of 38°C and higher.

1. When ambient temperature exceeds 38°C, or when wind velocity

exceeds 13 km/ h and ambient temperature exceeds 32°C, set pavers
within 1 minute of spreading setting-bed mortar.

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
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Date: July 2023

E. Pavers

1. Do not use unit pavers with chips, cracks, voids, discolorations or other defects
that might be visible or cause staining in finished work.
2. Mix pavers from several pallets or cubes, as they are placed, to produce
uniform blend of colors and textures.

3. Cut unit pavers with motor-driven masonry saw equipment to provide clean, sharp,
unchipped edges. Cut units to provide pattern indicated and to fit adjoining work
neatly. Use full units without cutting where possible. Hammer cutting is not
acceptable.

a) For concrete pavers, a block splitter may be used.

4. Joint pattern shall be as indicated on the Design Drawings, or match and

continue existing unit paver joint pattern.

5. Pavers over Waterproofing

a) Exercise care in placing pavers and setting materials over waterproofing so

protection materials are not displaced and waterproofing is not punctured or
otherwise damaged. Carefully replace protection materials that become
displaced and arrange for repair of damaged waterproofing before covering
with paving.

b) Provide joint filler at waterproofing that is turned up on vertical surfaces

unless otherwise indicated; where unfilled joints are indicated, provide
temporary filler or protection until paver installation is complete.

6. Expansion and Control Joints

a) Provide for sealant-filled joints at locations and of widths indicated.

b) Provide compressible foam filler as backing for sealant-filled joints unless

otherwise indicated; where unfilled joints are indicated, provide temporary
filler until paver installation is complete.

c) Install joint filler before setting pavers.

d) Sealant materials and installation shall be in accordance with Section 079200

Joint Sealants.

7. Edge Restraints

a) Provide edge restraints as indicated. Install edge restraints before placing

unit pavers.

b) Install edge restraints in accordance with the manufacturer's

recommendations. Install stakes at intervals required to hold edge restraints
in place during and after unit paver installation.

c) For metal edge restraints with top edge exposed, drive stakes at least 25mm
below top edge.

d) Where pavers set in mortar bed are indicated as edge restraints for pavers
set in aggregate setting bed, install pavers set in mortar and allow mortar to
cure before placing aggregate setting bed and remainder of pavers. Cut off

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Date: July 2023

mortar bed at a steep angle so it will not interfere with aggregate setting bed.

e) Where pavers embedded in concrete are indicated as edge restraints for

pavers set in aggregate setting bed, install pavers embedded in concrete
and allow concrete to cure before placing aggregate setting bed and
remainder of pavers. Hold top of concrete below aggregate setting bed.

8. Paver Steps

a) Provide steps made of pavers as indicated. Install paver steps before installing
adjacent pavers.

b) Where pavers set in mortar bed are indicated for steps constructed
adjacent to pavers set in aggregate setting bed, install steps and allow
mortar to cure before placing aggregate setting bed and remainder of
pavers. Cut off mortar bed at a steep angle so it will not interfere with
aggregate setting bed.

F. Aggregate Setting-Bed Applications

1. Compact soil subgrade uniformly to at least 95% of laboratory density in

accordance with ASTM D698 or ASTM D1557.
2. Proof-roll prepared subgrade to identify soft pockets and areas of excess
yielding. Excavate soft spots, unsatisfactory soils, and areas of excessive
pumping or rutting, as determined by the Engineer, and replace with compacted
backfill or fill as directed.

3. Place aggregate subbase and base, compact by tamping with plate vibrator,
and screed to depth indicated.

4. Place aggregate subbase and base, compact to 100% of ASTM D1557 maximum
laboratory density, and screed to depth indicated.

5. Place leveling course and screed to a thickness of 25mm-38mm, taking care

that moisture content remains constant and density is loose and uniform until
pavers are set and compacted.

6. Treat leveling course with herbicide to inhibit growth of grass and weeds.

7. Set pavers with a minimum joint width of 1.5mm and a maximum of 3mm, being
careful not to disturb leveling base. If pavers have spacer bars, place pavers
hand tight against spacer bars. Use string lines to keep straight lines. Fill gaps
between units that exceed 10mm with pieces cut to fit from full-size unit pavers.

a) When installation is performed with mechanical equipment, use only unit

pavers with spacer bars on sides of each unit.

8. Vibrate pavers into leveling course with a low-amplitude plate vibrator capable
of a 16 to 22kN compaction force at 80 to 90 Hz. Use vibrator with neoprene
mat on face of plate or other means as needed to prevent cracking and chipping
of pavers. Perform at least three passes across paving with vibrator.

a) Compact pavers when there is sufficient surface to accommodate operation

of vibrator, leaving at least 900mm of uncompacted pavers adjacent to
temporary edges.

b) Before ending each day's work, compact installed concrete pavers except
for 900mm width of uncompacted pavers adjacent to temporary edges
(laying faces).

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Date: July 2023

c) As work progresses to perimeter of installation, compact installed pavers

that are adjacent to permanent edges unless they are within 90mm of
laying face.

d) Before ending each day's work and when rain interrupts work, cover pavers
that have not been compacted and cover leveling course on which pavers
have not been placed with nonstaining plastic sheets to protect them from
rain.

9. Spread dry sand and fill joints immediately after vibrating pavers into leveling
course. Vibrate pavers and add sand until joints are completely filled, then
remove excess sand. Leave a slight surplus of sand on the surface for joint
filling.

10. Do not allow traffic on installed pavers until sand has been vibrated into joints.

11. Repeat joint-filling process 30 days later.

G. Mortar Setting-Bed Applications

1. Saturate concrete subbase with clean water several hours before placing
setting bed. Remove surface water about one hour before placing setting bed.

2. Apply mortar-bed bond coat over surface of concrete subbase about 15

minutes before placing mortar bed. Limit area of bond coat to avoid its drying out
before placing setting bed. Do not exceed 1.6mm thickness for bond coat.

3. Apply mortar bed over bond coat; spread and screed mortar bed to uniform
thickness at subgrade elevations required for accurate setting of pavers to
finished grades indicated.

4. Place reinforcing wire over concrete subbase, lapped at joints by at least one full
mesh and supported so mesh becomes embedded in the middle of mortar bed.
Hold edges back from vertical surfaces approximately 13mm.

5. Place mortar bed with reinforcing wire fully embedded in middle of mortar bed.
Spread and screed mortar bed to uniform thickness at subgrade elevations
required for accurate setting of pavers to finished grades indicated.
6. Mix and place only that amount of mortar bed that can be covered with pavers
before initial set. Before placing pavers, cut back, bevel edge, and remove and
discard setting-bed material that has reached initial set.

7. Place pavers before initial set of cement occurs. Immediately before placing
pavers on mortar bed, apply uniform 1.5mm thick bond coat to mortar bed or to
back of each paver with a flat trowel.

8. Tamp or beat pavers with a wooden block or rubber mallet to obtain full contact
with setting bed and to bring finished surfaces within indicated tolerances. Set
each paver in a single operation before initial set of mortar; do not return to
areas already set or disturb pavers for purposes of realigning finished surfaces
or adjusting joints.

9. Provide suitable joint width as recommended by the manufacturer with

variations not exceeding
±1.5mm.

10. Grout paver joints in accordance with ANSI A108.10.

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Date: July 2023

11. Grout joints as soon as possible after initial set of setting bed.

a) Force grout into joints, taking care not to smear grout on adjoining surfaces.

b) Clean pavers as grouting progresses by dry brushing or rubbing with dry

burlap to remove smears before tooling joints.

c) Tool exposed joints slightly concave when thumbprint hard, using a jointer
larger than joint thickness unless otherwise indicated.

d) If tooling squeezes grout from joints, remove excess grout and smears by
dry brushing or rubbing with dry burlap and tool joints again to produce a
uniform appearance.

12. Cure grout by maintaining in a damp condition for 7 days unless otherwise
recommended by grout or liquid-latex manufacturer.

3.5 SITE QUALITY CONTROL/ TOLERANCES

H. Testing Apparatus

1. On Site, the following apparatus shall be maintained in good repair:

a) Maximum and minimum thermometers as and where required.

b) Soil thermometers as required for measuring the mortar and ground

temperatures.

c) Apparatus for carrying out the test described in the standards specified.

d) Syphon can, Gammon Morgan or Speedy apparatus for measuring the

moisture content of aggregate.

e) Apparatus for carrying out the test described in the standards specified.

f) Apparatus for making mortar cubes or prisms in accordance with the

standards specified.

g) Apparatus for measuring the air content of the mortar in accordance

with the standards specified.

I. Installation Tolerances

1. Sudden irregularities shall not occur.

2. Where appropriate in relation to the geometry of the surface, the variation in

gap under a 3m straightedge (with feet placed anywhere on the surface) shall
be not more than 6mm.

3. The difference in level between adjacent paving units shall be not more than
2mm.

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 Project Name: Khalifa Bin Zayed Street Project
Tender Number: DMT-RFP-23-52
Date: July 2023

3.6 CLEANING, ADJUSTING AND PROTECTION

J. Cleaning

1. Remove dirt, stains, and discoloration without damage to installed materials.

Clean drains, channels and gullies of debris.

2. Remove temporary protective coating as recommended by the coating

manufacturer and as acceptable to paver and grout manufacturers.

3. Do not allow protective coating to enter floor drains. Trap, collect, and remove
coating material.

K. Adjusting

1. Remove and replace broken, chipped, stained or are otherwise defective units,
or units which do not match as intended.

2. Provide new units to match adjoining units and install in same manner as
original units, with same joint treatment and with no evidence of replacement.

3. Make good or replace adjoining work marred by the paving installation, to the
acceptance of the Engineer.

4. During tooling of joints, enlarge voids or holes and completely fill with grout.
Point joints at sealant joints to provide a neat, uniform appearance, properly
prepared for sealant application.

L. Protection

1. Paving bedded on mortar shall be kept free from pedestrian traffic as

recommended by the manufacturer.

2. Access to paved areas shall be restricted as necessary to prevent damage from

Site traffic and plant.

END OF
SECTION

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