Review of

“Detection of hydrocarbon microseepage‑induced anomalies by spectral enhancements

of Landsat 7 ETM+ images in part of Assam–Arakan Fold Belt, India
by Garain et al. (2018)”

Course: Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Oil and Gas

(RSG 503)

Owolabi E.A
RSG/17/2859
Remote Sensing and GIS

Name: OWOLABI EMMANUEL AYOMIDE

Department: Remote Sensing And GIS
Matric Nunber : RSG/17/2859
Course : RSG 503

ASSIGNMENT

Summarize this article under the following headings

1. Objective of the study

2. Methods adopted
3. Result obtained.
4. Limitations of study.

ANSWER

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

This is basically concerned with attempting to describe spectral reflectance of the surface
features in some parts of Khuzestan region using reflectance spectroscopy and ASTER data
related to the hydro carbon micro -seepage in Maroun and Mansouri oil feeds.

In other words, the main objective of study is to utilize spectroscopy and ASTER imagery for
hydrocarbon micro-seepage mapping, detection and exploration.

The steps involved in achieving the main objective are Analysing spectral signature of oil and
possible induced minerals of kaolinite, siderite and geoethite for accessing hydrocarbon
absorption features, recognising altered minerals because if the presence of micro-seepages
and finally mapping and delineating potential altered zones using multispectral images.

METHODS ADOPTED

1. Fieldspec3 spectro-radiometer
This can be used to measure and generate
reflection of different materials as spectral curves in a spectral
range of 350–2500 nm and a collection time of 0.1 s for each spectrum.

2.. Field data sampling and pre-processing

Field sampling was carried out on 11th March 2018 from soils
of 45 location points in the Maroun and 20 location points in the Mansouri oilfield. The samples
were analyzed in spectroscopy laboratory using ground-based Fieldspec3 spectro-radiometer.,
SAMS(Spectral Analysis and Management System), Soil samples collected were analyzed in
terms of their spectral curves in VNIR
and SWIR using RS3 (a specialized ASDI spectro-radiometer controller software) in
spectrometry laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS department in the Shahid Chamran
University of Ahvaz, Iran

Satellite imagery

ASTER L1T images pertaining to 04/17/2015 and 09/17/2015

were used for preparation of maps showing altered mineral zones. Atmospheric and radiometric
correction of ASTER data was performed using ENVI software as a pre-processing step.

Spectral angle mapper (SAM)

The SAM classification method was used for extraction/demarcation of minerals from satellite
image. In SAM algorithm output, lghter pixels represent a larger spectral angle with a reference
spectrum, and darker pixels show a smaller spectral angle. Selecting a smaller angle increases
the probability of matching with a reference spectrum.

As stated earlier, ASTER bands 1–9 of VNIR range (0.52 to 0.86 mm) and SWIR range (1.6 to
2.43 mm) are used in classification of the study area. SAM uses each field sample spectral
curve as an end-member or reference data to find the most similar areas in the ASTER image
based on the above-mentioned spectral angle pixel by pixel. Therefore, an exact s is calculated
between each pixel spectral curve and reference spectral curve.

3. RESULT OBTAINED

An attempt has been made to analyze contaminated soil samples using FieldSpec3 and TSG
software and subsequently the
results were then compared with uncontaminated soil samples
based on the main hydrocarbon absorption features.

The analysis using FieldSpec3 and TSG software identified minerals in the soil samples that are
commonly associated with hydrocarbon contamination. These minerals include kaolinite,
siderite, and goethite. The presence of siderite is particularly noteworthy as it's a frequent
indicator of micro-seepage systems containing hydrocarbons.

4. LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

Some of the limitations of study encountered includes

1. Environmental Pollutions
2. Climate change
3. Important source of energy loss.