1.

Water balance in the body | Physiology | Biology | FuseSchool

Water is a compound with the chemical symbol H 2O, and it consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
Without it, life as we know It would not exist on Earth. The human body consists of 70% of
water.
All cells in your body need water because you need it to help regulate your temperature and
maintain other body functions such as carrying materials around the body, and removing
waste in your urine. Water is lost through breathing, sweating, and digestion, and it is
important to hydrate the body by drinking fluids and eating foods that contain water in order
to keep the body hydrated. Water balance If you don't drink enough water, you may become
dehydrated. Symptoms of dehydration include dark yellow thirst, strong-smelling urine,
feeling dizzy, feeling tired, and dry mouth, lips, and eyes.

2. Overview of Fluid and Electrolyte Physiology (Fluid Compartment)

Water solids make up about 40 to 50 percent depending on whether you're male or female,
and water makes up about 60 percent. Of the total body weight of an adult male and 50% of
the body weight of an adult female, this gender difference reflects the greater average mass of
adipose tissue in adult females and the greater average mass of muscle tissue in adult males.
The solids are things like protein, fat, carbohydrates, and minerals.
The nucleus contains the DNA of the cells, we mainly get fluids from drinking water and
eating, so the main fluid input comes mainly from the digestive system and sometimes fluid
accumulates in the body. For example, in cells, as a result of an imbalance in the
concentration of solute and chelate across the plasma and internal space, sodium and
potassium are transported through sodium and potassium pumps, where three sodium is
transported outside the cell versus two potassium inside the cell. This type of channel
requires ATP, and this type of mechanism allows a different gradient of ions across the body's
chambers because inside the cell there are twelve mill moles per liter of sodium and
potassium.

3. Acid Base Balance: Bicarbonate Ion Buffer

The blood is maintained at a narrow pH range of between 7.35 and 7.45. Serious problems
result from blood that is too acidic or alkaline. Abnormal pH can lead to coma and death.
One way the body maintains blood pH is through buffering, and the most important buffer in
the blood is the bicarbonate ion buffer. Acids are molecules that tend to give up hydrogen
ions, and bases tend to combine with hydrogen ions, neutralizing them to form water. You
can say that the hydrogen ion concentration follows the carbon dioxide concentration.

4. How do cigarettes affect the body? – Krishna Sudhir

Smoking causes constriction of blood vessels and destroys the delicate lining of blood
vessels, reducing blood flow. These vascular effects lead to thickening of the walls of blood
vessels and increased viscosity of platelets, which increases the chances of developing clots
that lead to heart attacks and strokes. Smoking can cause cancer in many tissues and organs,
in addition to harming eyesight and weakening bones. It also makes pregnancy difficult for
women, and may cause erectile dysfunction in men. But for those who quit smoking, there is
a huge upside with almost immediate and long-term physical benefits. Only 20 minutes after
a smoker quits smoking, his heart rate and blood pressure begin to return to normal. After 12
hours, the carbon monoxide level in the body stabilizes, increasing the blood's ability to carry
oxygen. The day after you quit smoking, your chances of having a heart attack begin to
decrease because your blood pressure and heart rate return to normal. After two days, the
nerve endings responsible for smell and taste begin to recover. She recovers completely after
nine months, which strengthens immunity against infection.