1 Introduction of the Lingering Garden (A traditional Chinese garden)

Topic sentence: The Lingering Garden is not only an architecture but also an exquisite artwork.

2 The four elements of Architecture in the Lingering Garden

[Approach 1: The Lingering Garden can be approached as a combination of the four elements
(raised by Semper) of architecture, with each component being explored separately. ]

2.1 Element 1: The hearth

 Explain the meaning of the hearth: the hearth is not a tool for cooking in the general
sense, but a symbol of the spiritual core of architecture.
 Analysis the hearth in the Lingering Garden, which refers to three core spaces, including
space for sacrifices, meeting friends, and entertainment.

2.2 Element 2: The roof

 Explain the meaning of the roof: The roof has a major influence on the image of Chinese
classical architecture. The Lingering Garden has formed unique roof forms based on its
geographical location and the construction technology of that era.
 Analysis the form of roof in the Lingering Garden, as well as the materials used.

2.3 Element 3: The enclosure

 Explain the meaning of the enclosure in Semper’s theory: Semper (1851) argues that the
enclosure originated as a tapestry; decoration techniques are a very important part of
the enclosure.
 In the Lingering Garden, the decoration techniques is mainly reflected in the application
of the leaking windows (Zhang et al., 2005).

2.4 Element 4: The mound

 Explain the mound: First appeared for practical purposes, with the development of
society and the advancement of construction techniques, the mound began to serve the
architectural hierarchy.
 Analyze the mound in the Lingering Garden: Use the mound with railings, they not only
show the hierarchy of the building, but also have practical functions.
3 The Lingering Garden as an artwork
[Approach 2: The Lingering Garden can be approached as a complete artwork, with its artistic
value being analyzed from an overall perspective. ]

Benjamin (1935): Architecture is a type of art, but people appreciate architecture differently
than other artworks. It can not only be seen, but also be touched and perceived. It’s more
close to people’s life.

3.1 The process of appreciating the art of Lingering Garden

 Topic sentence: The process of perceiving architecture is absorbing the artwork.

Analyze visitors' spatial feelings when they walk in the garden, and how they obtain aesthetic
enjoyment.

3.2 The Aesthetic Theory in Lingering Garden

 Topic sentence: The Lingering Garden, as a work of art, is a good example of the spirit of
oriental aesthetics.
Analyze the aesthetic theory of shade proposed by Junichiro Tanizaki (1933) embodied in
the Lingering Garden.

Conclusion