SAMPLE PAPER-CHEMISTRY
Question 3(i)
Identify the reactant and write the balanced
equation for the following:
Nitric acid reacts with compound Q to give a salt
Ca (NO3)2, water and carbon dioxide.
Answer
Calcium carbonate
CaCO3 + 2HNO3 [dil.] ⟶ Ca (NO3)2 + H2O + CO2↑
Question 3(ii)
What property of Sulphuric acid is exhibited in
each of the following cases?
(a) In the preparation of HCl gas when it reacts
with Sodium chloride.
(b) When conc. Sulphuric acid reacts with Copper
to produce Sulphur dioxide gas.
Answer
(a) Non-volatile nature of Sulphuric acid.
(b) Oxidising property of concentrated Sulphuric
acid.
Question 3(iii)
The electron affinity of an element X is greater
than that of element Y.
(a) How is the oxidising power of X likely to
compare with that of Y?
(b) How is the electronegativity of X likely to
compare with that of Y?
(c) State whether X is likely to be placed to the left
or to the right of Y in the periodic table?
Answer
(a) Oxidising power of X > Y. Elements with high
electron affinity accept electrons more easily
hence have greater oxidising power.
(b) Electronegativity of X > Y. Element with high
electron affinity has high electronegativity.
(c) X is to the right side of Y as electron affinity
increases from left to right in a period.
Question 3(iv)
(a) State wether the following statements are
TRUE or FALSE. Justify your answer.
1. In an electrovalent compound, the cation
attains the electronic configuration of the
noble gas that comes after it in the periodic
table.
2. In the formation of a compound PQ 2, atom
P gives one electron to each atom of Q.
The compound PQ2 is a good conductor of
electricity.
(b) Calculate the number of moles in 22 grams of
carbon dioxide.
Answer
(a)
1. False
In an electrovalent compound, the cation
attains the electronic configuration of the
noble gas that comes before it in the
periodic table.
2. True
In the formation of a compound PQ 2, atom
P gives one electron to each atom of Q.
The compound PQ2 is a good conductor
of electricity in molten or aqueous
solution state.
(b) Gram molecular mass of CO 2 = 12 + 2(16)
= 12 + 32 = 44 g
As,
44 g of CO2 = 1 mole
∴ 22 g of CO2 = 144441 x 22 = 0.5 moles
Hence, number of moles in 22 grams of carbon
dioxide = 0.5
Question 4(i)
The following questions relate to the extraction of
Aluminium by electrolysis.
(a) Name the other aluminum containing
compound added to alumina.
(b) Give a balanced equation for the reaction that
takes place at the cathode.
Answer
(a) The compound is cryolite [Na 3AlF6].
(b) 2Al3+ + 6e- ⟶ 2Al
Question 4(ii)
A gas cylinder of capacity 40 dm 3 is filled with gas
X the mass of which is 20 g. When the same
cylinder is filled with hydrogen gas at the same
temperature and pressure the mass of hydrogen is
2 g. Find the relative molecular mass of the gas.
Answer
Vapour density of gas =
Wt. of certain volume of gas Wt. of same volume o
f H2=202=10 gWt. of same volume of H2Wt. of
certain volume of gas =220=10 g
Molecular weight = 2 x Vapour density
= 2 x 10 = 20 g
Hence, relative molecular mass of gas is 20 g
Question 4(iii)
Give balanced equations for each of the following:
(a) Action of warm water on Aluminium nitride.
(b) Oxidation of carbon with conc. Nitric acid.
(c) Dehydration of ethanol by conc. Sulphuric acid
at a temperature of 170°C.
Answer
(a) AlN + 3H2O ⟶ Al(OH)3 + NH3 [g]
(b) C + 4HNO3 ⟶ CO2 + 2H2O + 4NO2
(c) C2H5OH →170°CConc. H2SO4Conc. H2SO4
170°C C2H4↑ + H2O
Question 4(iv)
With respect to Haber’s process answer the
following:
(a) Temperature of the reaction
(b) Catalyst used
(c) Balanced equation for the reaction occurring
Answer
(a) Temperature : 450-500°C [Optimum
temperature]
(b) Catalyst : Finely divided iron [Fe]
(c) N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3 + Δ
Question 5(i)
(a) Ranjana wants to prove that ammonia is a
reducing agent. To demonstrate this, she passes
1
ammonia gas over heated copper oxide. What will
she observe?
(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the
above reaction.
Answer
(a) Black Copper [II] oxide is reduced to reddish
brown copper by Ammonia.
(b) 2NH3 + 3CuO ⟶ 3Cu + 3H2O + N2↑
Question 5(ii)
Name the alloy which is made up of:
(a) Copper, Zinc and Tin
(b) Lead and Tin
Answer
(a) Bronze (b) Solder
Question 5(iii)
Seema takes a blue crystalline salt P in a test
tube. On heating it produces a white anhydrous
powder. P is dissolved in water. Zinc is added to
one part of the solution and to another part of the
solution Barium chloride is added.
(a) Name the compound P.
(b) Mention one observation when zinc is added to
the solution of P.
(c) State the colour of the precipitate formed when
barium chloride is added to the solution of P.
Answer
(a) P is blue vitriol [CuSO 4.5H2O]
(b) Blue colour slowly fades as ZnSO 4 is formed.
(c) White ppt. of BaSO 4 is obtained.
CuSO4 + BaCl2 ⟶ BaSO4 ↓ + CuCl2
Question 5(iv)
Give reasons:
(a) Ethene undergoes addition reaction.
(b) Hydrocarbons can be used as fuels.
(c) Hydrogen chloride gas cannot be collected
over water.
Answer
(a) In case of ethene, the valencies of atleast 2
carbon atoms are not fully satisfied by hydrogen
atoms. The availability of electrons in the
double bond makes them more reactive and
hence they undergo addition reactions only.
(b) Hydrocarbons are highly combustible and
they produce good amount of heat hence they
are used as a fuel.
(c) Hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over
water since it is highly soluble in water.
Question 6(i)
Name the following:
(a) The ore of Zinc containing its sulphide.
(b) The most commonly used oxide ore of
Aluminium.
Answer
(a) Zinc blende [ZnS] (b) Bauxite [Al 2O3]
Question 6(ii)
State one observation in the following cases:
(a) Sodium chloride solution is added to a solution
of lead nitrate.
(b) Barium chloride solution is added to a solution
of Zinc sulphate.
Answer
2
(a) When sodium chloride is added to a solution of
lead nitrate, an insoluble white precipitate of lead
chloride is formed.
2NaCl + Pb(NO3)2 ⟶ 2NaNO3 + PbCl2 ↓
(b) When barium chloride solution is added to a
solution of Zinc sulphate, white ppt. of barium
sulphate is obtained which is insoluble in dil. HCl
or nitric acid.
ZnSO4 + BaCl2 ⟶ BaSO4 ↓ [white ppt.] + ZnCl2
Question 6(iii)
Copper sulphate solution is electrolysed using
copper electrodes.
(a) Which electrode [cathode or anode] is the
oxidizing electrode? Why?
(b) Write the equation for the reaction occurring at
the above electrode.
Answer
(a) Anode is the oxidizing electrode. At anode,
anions lose electrons and are oxidized.
(b) Cu - 2e- ⟶ Cu2+
Question 6(iv)
X [2, 8, 7] and Y [2, 8, 2] are two elements. Using
this information complete the following:
(a) ............... is the metallic element.
(b) Metal atoms tend to have a maximum
of ............... electrons in the outermost shell.
(c) ............... is the reducing agent.
Answer
(a) Y is the metallic element.
(b) Metal atoms tend to have a maximum
of three electrons in the outermost shell.
(c) Y is the reducing agent.
Question 7(i)
The empirical formula of an organic compound is
C3H4N. Its molecular weight is 108. Find the
amount of carbon in one mole of the compound.
Show all the steps involved.
(Atomic weights: C- 12; H- 1; N- 14)
Answer
Empirical formula is C 3H4N
Molecular weight = 108
Amount of carbon in 1 mole of the compound =
molar mass of carbon x number of carbon atoms
in the empirical formula.
= 12 x 3 = 36 g/mol
Hence, in 1 mole of the compound C 3H4N, there is
approximately 36 grams of carbon.
Question 7(ii)
(a) Mahesh prepared a basic solution X that has a
pH 7. How will the pH of the solution X change on
addition of the following:
1. Hydrochloric acid
2. a solution of a base
(b) The atomic number of an element is 15. To
which group will this element belong to?
Answer
(a) 1. On adding the acid, pH value will decrease.
2. On adding the solution of a base, pH value
will increase.
(b) As the atomic number is 15, so the electronic
configuration will be 2, 8, 5. Hence, it will belong
to VA group.
Question 7(iii)
8.2 grams of calcium nitrate is decomposed by
heating according to the equation
2Ca(NO3)2 ⟶ 2CaO + 4NO2 + O2
Calculate the following:
(a) Volume of nitrogen dioxide obtained at STP
(b) Mass of CaO formed
[Atomic weights: Ca –40 , N—14, O—16]
Answer
2Ca(NO3)2⟶2CaO+4NO2+O22[(40)+2(404[22.4]
2(14+3(16))]+16) lit.=328 g=112g2Ca(NO3)2
2[(40)+2(14+3(16))]=328 g⟶2CaO2(40+16)=112g
+4NO24[22.4] lit.+O2
(i) 328 g of Ca(NO 3)2 produces 4(22.4) lit of
nitrogen dioxide.
∴ 8.2 g of Ca(NO3)2 will
produce 4×22.43283284×22.4 x 8.2 = 2.24 lit of
nitrogen dioxide.
Hence, vol of nitrogen dioxide evolved = 2.24
lit.
(ii) 328 g of Ca(NO3)2 produces 112 g of calcium
oxide.
∴ 8.2 g of Ca(NO3)2 will produce 112328328112 x
8.2 = 2.8 g of calcium oxide.
Hence, 2.8 g of calcium oxide is produced.
Question 8(i)
State giving reasons if:
(a) zinc and aluminium can be distinguished by
heating the metal powder with concentrated
sodium hydroxide solution.
(b) calcium nitrate and lead nitrate can be
distinguished by adding ammonium hydroxide
solution to the salt solution.
Answer
(a) Zinc and aluminium cannot be distinguished by
heating the metal powder with concentrated
sodium hydroxide solution as they both react with
conc. alkalis to form soluble sodium salts and
hydrogen gas.
Zinc reacts to form sodium zincate
Zn + 2NaOH ⟶ H2 + Na2ZnO2 [sodium zincate]
Aluminium reacts to form sodium aluminate
2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O ⟶ 3H2 + 2NaAlO2 [sodium
aluminate]
(b) Yes, calcium nitrate and lead nitrate can be
distinguished using ammonium hydroxide solution.
Ammonium hydroxide on reaction with lead nitrate
gives chalky white precipitate of Pb(OH) 2. No
precipitation occurs on adding Ammonium
hydroxide to calcium nitrate even when it is added
in excess.
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NH4OH ⟶ Pb(OH)2 + 2NH4NO3
Question 8(ii)
Draw the electron dot diagram of Hydronium ion.
Answer
Electron dot diagram showing the structure of
Hydronium ion is given below:
3
Question 8(iii)
Give balanced equations for the following:
(a) Laboratory preparation of ethyne from calcium
carbide.
(b) Conversion of acetic acid to ethyl acetate.
(c) Laboratory preparation of nitric acid.
Answer
(a) CaC2calcium carbide+2�2�water⟶�2�2et
hyne+Ca(OH)2calcium hydroxidecalcium carbideC
aC2+water2H2O⟶ethyneC2H2+calcium
hydroxideCa(OH)2
(b) �2�5OHethanol+CH3COOHacetic acid→ΔC
onc. H2SO4CH3−COO−�2�5ethyl acetate+H2O
ethanolC2H5OH+acetic acidCH3COOHConc. H2
SO4Δethyl acetateCH3−COO−C2H5+H2O
(c) KNO3[conc.]
+�2SO4[conc.]→<200°CKHSO4[acid salt]
+HNO3[conc.]KNO3+[conc.]H2SO4<200°C[acid
salt]KHSO4+HNO3
Question 8(iv)
Identify the following substances:
(a) An alkaline gas which produces dense white
fumes when reacted with HCl gas.
(b) The anion present in the salt, which produces
a gas with the smell of rotten eggs when reacted
with dil. HCl.
(c) The particles present in strong electrolytes.
Answer
(a) Ammonia (b) Sulphide [S 2-] (c) Mainly ions.
PAPER-2:
Question 3(i)
Identify the cation in each of the following cases:
(a) Ammonium hydroxide solution when added to
Solution B gives a white precipitate which does
not dissolve in excess of ammonium hydroxide
solution.
(b) Sodium hydroxide solution when added to
Solution C gives a white precipitate which is
insoluble in excess of sodium hydroxide solution.
Answer
(a) Pb2+
Reason — When ammonium hydroxide solution is
added to lead nitrate, it forms a chalky white
precipitate of lead hydroxide [Pb(OH) 2] which is
insoluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NH4OH ⟶ 2NH4NO3 + Pb(OH)2
(b) Ca2+
Reason — When sodium hydroxide solution is
added to calcium nitrate, a white precipitate of
calcium hydroxide is obtained which is insoluble in
excess of sodium hydroxide solution.
Ca(NO3)2 + 2NaOH ⟶ Ca(OH)2 ↓ + 2NaNO3
Question 3(ii)
Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct answer
from the brackets:
(a) During electrolysis, the compound ............... in
its molten state liberates reddish brown fumes at
the anode. [NaCl/PbBr 2]
(b) The ion which could be discharged most
readily during electrolysis is ............... [Fe 2+/Cu2+]
Answer
(a) During electrolysis, the compound PbBr2 in its
molten state liberates reddish brown fumes at the
anode.
(b) The ion which could be discharged most
readily during electrolysis is Cu2+
Question 3(iii)
Arrange the following as per the instruction given
in the brackets:
(a) Al, K, Mg, Ca (decreasing order of its
reactivity)
(b) N, Be, O, C (increasing order of non-metallic
character)
(c) P, Si, F, Be (decreasing order of valence
electrons)
Answer
(a) K > Ca > Mg > Al
Reason — According to the electrochemical
series metals at the top of the series are most
reactive and the reactivity decreases down the
group.
(b) Be < C < N < O
Reason — Across a period, left to right in a
periodic table, the non-metallic character
increases.
(c) F > P > Si > Be
Reason — The valence electrons decreases from
right to left in the periodic table.
Question 3(iv)
Complete and balance the following equations:
(a) NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 ⟶
(b) CuSO4 + NH4OH ⟶
(c) Cu + Conc. HNO 3 ⟶
Answer
(a) 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 ⟶ CaCl2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O
(b) CuSO4 + 2NH4OH ⟶ (NH4)2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
(c) Cu + 4HNO3 (conc.) ⟶ Cu(NO3 )2 + 2NO2 +
2H2O
Question 4(i)
State a relevant reason for the following:
(a) Hydrogen chloride gas cannot be dried over
quick lime.
(b) Ammonia gas is not collected over water.
Answer
(a) Quicklime [CaO] is alkaline in nature and it
reacts with HCl forming the respective chloride.
Hence, it can't be used as a drying agent for
Hydrogen chloride gas.
CaO + 2HCl ⟶ CaCl2 + H2O
(b) As ammonia gas is highly soluble in water,
therefore, it is not collected over water.
Question 4(ii)
Identify the alloy in each case from the given
composition:
(a) aluminium, magnesium, manganese, copper
4
(b) iron, nickel, chromium, carbon
Answer
(a) Duralumin (b) Stainless steel
Question 4(iii)
Solve the following numerical problem.
Ethane burns in oxygen according to the chemical
equation:
2C2H6 + 7O2 ⟶ 4CO2 + 6H2O
If 80 ml of ethane is burnt in 300 ml of oxygen,
find the composition of the resultant gaseous
mixture when measured at room temperature.
Answer
[By Lussac's law]
2C2H6+7O2⟶4CO2+6H2O2 vol.:7 vol.⟶4 vol.2C
2H62 vol.+:7O27 vol.⟶⟶4CO24 vol.+6H2O
(i) To calculate the volume of CO 2 formed :
C2H6:CO22 vol.:4 vol.80 ml:xC2H62 vol.80 ml:::
CO24 vol.x
∴�=42×80=160 ml∴x=24×80=160 ml
Hence, volume of carbon dioxide formed = 160 ml
(ii) To calculate the volume of unused O 2 :
C2H6:O22 vol.:7 vol.80 ml:xC2H62 vol.80 ml:::O2
7 vol.x
∴�=72×80=280 ml∴x=27×80=280 ml
Unused oxygen = 300 - 280 = 20 ml.
Hence, volume of unused oxygen = 20 ml
Therefore, the resultant gaseous mixture consists
of 160 ml of carbon dioxide and 20 ml of unused
oxygen.
Question 4(iv)
The following questions are pertaining to the
laboratory preparation of Ammonia gas from
Magnesium nitride:
(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for its
preparation.
(b) Why is this method seldom used?
(c) How do you identify the gas formed?
Answer
(a) Mg3N2 + 6H2O ⟶ 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
(b) As nitrides are expensive, hence the method is
seldom used.
(c) Ways in which ammonia gas can be identified
is:
1. It has a sharp characteristic odour.
2. It turns:
i. moist red litmus blue,
ii. moist turmeric paper brown,
iii. phenolphthalein solution pink.
3. When a glass rod dipped in conc. HCl is
brought near the mouth of the jar containing
NH3, dense white fumes of ammonium chloride
are formed.
NH3 + HCl ⟶ NH4Cl
Question 5(i)
Write one use of the following alloys:
(a) Bronze (b) Fuse metal
Answer
(a) Bronze is used in making statues, medals,
coins
(b) Fuse metal is used for electrical fuse, soldering electrons towards itself is called its
purposes. electronegativity.
Question 5(ii) (b) Gay-Lussac's Law of combining volumes —
Draw the electron dot structure for the following: When gases react, they do so in volumes which
(a) Ammonium ion bear a simple ratio to one another, and to the
(b) A molecule of nitrogen volume of the gaseous product, provided that all
[At. No.: N=7, H=1] the volumes are measured at the same
Answer temperature and pressure.
(a) Ammonium ion Question 6(ii)
The Empirical formula of an organic compound is
CHCl2.
If its relative molecular mass is 168, what is its
molecular formula?
[At. Wt. C = 12, H = 1, Cl = 35.5]
(b) A molecule of nitrogen Answer
Empirical formula is CHCl 2
Empirical formula weight = 12 + 1 + 2[35.5] = 12 +
Question 5(iii) 1 + 71 = 84
Give a balanced chemical equation for the Molecular weight = 168
following conversions with conditions: n=Molecular weightEmpirical formula weight=1688
(a) Ethene from ethanol 4=2n=Empirical formula weightMolecular weight
(b) Ethyne from calcium carbide =84168=2
(c) Monochloromethane from methane So, molecular formula = 2(CHCl 2) = C2H2Cl4
Answer Question 6(iii)
(a) Ethene from ethanol Choose the substances given in the box below to
�2�5OH ethyl alcohol→170°CConc. H2SO4[exc answer the following questions:
ess]�2�4ethene+H2O ethyl alcoholC2H5OH Magnesium Sodium
Conc. H2SO4[excess]170°CetheneC2H4+H2O Iron Zinc
sulphite sulphide
(b) Ethyne from calcium carbide
CaC2calcium carbide+2�2�water⟶�2�2ethyn Ferrous
Lead Ferric chloride Copper
e+Ca(OH)2calcium hydroxidecalcium carbideCaC sulphate
2+water2H2O⟶ethyneC2H2+calcium (a) The metal that will not produce hydrogen gas
hydroxideCa(OH)2 when reacted with dilute acids.
(c) Monochloromethane from methane (b) The compound that will produce sulphur
CH4 methane+Cl2→Δdiffused sunlightCH3Clmon dioxide gas when reacted with dilute HCl.
ochloromethane+HCl methaneCH4+Cl2diffused (c) The solution of this compound produces dirty
sunlightΔmonochloromethaneCH3Cl+HCl green precipitate with NaOH.
Question 5(iv) Answer
Study the following observations and name the (a) Copper (b) Sodium Sulphite (c) Ferrous
anions present in each of the reactions. Sulphate
(a) When a crystalline solid 'P' is warmed with Question 6(iv)
concentrated H2SO4 and copper turnings a reddish State one relevant observation for each of the
brown gas is released. following:
(b) When few drops of dilute sulphuric acid is (a) To the copper nitrate solution, initially few
added to Salt 'R' and heated, a colourless gas is drops of sodium hydroxide solution is added and
released which turns moist lead acetate paper then added in excess.
silvery black. (b) Burning of ammonia in excess of oxygen.
(c) When few drops of barium nitrate solution is (c) Dry ammonia gas is passed over heated PbO.
added to the salt solution 'Q', a white precipitate is Answer
formed which is insoluble in HCl. (a) When a few drops of sodium hydroxide
Answer solution are added to the copper nitrate solution,
(a) Nitrate [NO3-] (b) Sulphide [S 2-] (c) Sulphate light blue coloured ppt. of Cu(OH) 2 is obtained
[SO42-] which is insoluble with excess NaOH.
Question 6(i) (b) Ammonia burns in the atmosphere of excess
Define / State: oxygen with a greenish yellow flame, forming
(a) Electronegativity (b) Gay-Lussac's Law of nitrogen and water vapour.
combining volumes (c) Buff yellow PbO is reduced to greyish metallic
Answer lead.
(a) Electronegativity — The tendency of an atom Question 7(i)
in a molecule to attract the shared pair of Name the following:
5
(a) Organic compounds with same molecular
formula but different structural formula.
(b) Group of organic compounds where the
successive members follow a regular structural
pattern, successive compounds differ by a 'CH 2'
group.
Answer
(a) Isomers (b) Homologous series
Question 7(ii)
Give reason for the following:
(a) Ionisation potential decreases down a group.
(b) Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in
solid state.
Answer
(a) On moving down the group, atomic size, as
well as, nuclear charge increases. However, the
effect of increase in atomic size dominates over
the effect of increase in nuclear charge. Hence,
ionization potential decreases down the group.
(b) There is a strong electrostatic force of
attraction between the oppositely charged ions of
the ionic compounds that keeps ions in fixed
position in solid state. Due to this immobility of
ions, ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in
solid state.
Question 7(iii)
Calculate:
(a) The percentage of phosphorus in the fertilizer
super phosphate Ca(H 2PO4)2 correct to 1 decimal
point.
[At. Wt. H=1, P=31, O=16, Ca=40]
(b) Write the empirical formula of C 8H18
Answer
(a) Molecular weight of Ca(H 2PO4)2
= 40 + 2[2(1) + 31 + 4(16)]
= 40 + 2[2 + 31 + 64]
= 40 + 2[97]
= 40 + 194
= 234 g
234 g of Ca(H2PO4)2 contains 62 g of P
∴ 100 g of Ca(H2PO4)2 will contain
= 6223423462 x 100 = 26.49% = 26.5%
Hence, 26.5% phosphorous is present in
superphosphate Ca(H2PO4)2
(b) Given, Molecular Formula = C 8H18 = (C4H9)2
Molecular formula = n[Empirical formula]
∴ n = 2 Hence, Empirical formula = C 4H9
Question 7(iv)
Answer the following questions with reference to
electro refining of copper:
(a) What is the anode made of?
(b) What do you observe at the cathode?
(c) Write the reaction taking place at the cathode.
Answer
(a) Impure block of copper. (b) Pure copper is
deposited on the thin sheet of pure copper placed
at the cathode. (c) Cu 2+ + 2e- ⟶ Cu
Question 8(i)
Arrange the following according to the instructions
given in brackets:
(a) C2H2, C3H6, CH4, C2H4 (In the increasing order
of the molecular weight)
(b) Cu2+, Na+, Zn2+, Ag+ (The order of Preferential
discharge at the cathode)
Answer
(a) Molecular weight of C 2H2 = 2[12] + 2[1] = 26
Molecular weight of C 3H6 = 3[12] + 6[1] = 42
Molecular weight of CH 4 = 12 + 4[1] = 16
Molecular weight of C 2H4 = 2[12] + 4[1] = 28
Hence, increasing order of molecular weights is :
CH4 < C2H2 < C2H4 < C3H6
(b) Ag+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Na+
Question 8(ii)
Differentiate between the following pairs based on
the criteria given in the brackets:
(a) Cane sugar and hydrated copper sulphate
[using concentrated H 2SO4]
(b) Sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid [type of
salts formed]
Answer
(a) Conc. H2SO4 dehydrates sucrose to a black
spongy charged mass of carbon sugar charcoal.
C12H22O11→Conc. H2SO412�sugar charcoal+1
1H2OC12H22O11Conc. H2SO4sugar
charcoal12C+11H2O
The blue coloured hydrous copper sulphate
changes to white anhydrous copper sulphate as
the water of crystallization is removed.
CuSO4.5H2O→Conc. H2SO4CuSO4[White Anhy
drous]+5H2OCuSO4.5H2OConc. H2SO4[White
Anhydrous]CuSO4+5H2O
(b) Sulphuric acid forms sulphate salts whereas
hydrochloric acid forms chloride salts.
Question 8(iii)
Convert the following reactions into a balanced
chemical equation: (a) Ammonia to nitric oxide
using oxygen and platinum catalyst.
(b) Sodium hydroxide to sodium sulphate using
sulphuric acid. (c) Ferrous sulphide to hydrogen
sulphide using hydrochloric acid.
Answer
(a) Ammonia to nitric oxide using oxygen and
platinum catalyst.
4NH3+5O2→800°CPt.4NO+6H2O+Δ4NH3+5O2
Pt.800°C4NO+6H2O+Δ
(b) Sodium hydroxide to sodium sulphate using
sulphuric acid.
2NaOH + H2SO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(c) Ferrous sulphide to hydrogen sulphide using
hydrochloric acid
FeS + 2HCl ⟶ FeCl2 + H2S
Question 8(iv)
Choose the answer from the list which fits in the
description: [CCl4, PbO, NaCl, CuO, and NH4Cl]
(a) A compound which undergoes thermal
dissociation. (b) An amphoteric oxide.
(c) A compound which is a non-electrolyte.
Answer
(a) NH4Cl (b) PbO (c) CCl 4