1

1 140 students choose which subjects they want to study.

• 122 students choose biology (B).

• 55 students choose chemistry (C).
• 2 students do not choose biology and do not choose chemistry.

B C

(a) Complete the Venn diagram.

[2]

(b) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student chooses biology and chemistry.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

V E N N D I A G R A M

The diagram shows 11 cards.

(a) One of these cards is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that the letter on the card is not A.

................................................... [1]
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(b) A card is chosen at random from these 11 cards and then replaced.
A second card is then chosen at random.

Find the probability that exactly one card has the letter N.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

3
E M

............. .......... .............

.............

50 students are asked if they like English (E) and if they like mathematics (M).
3 say they do not like English and do not like mathematics.
33 say they like English.
42 say they like mathematics.

(a) Complete the Venn diagram. [2]

(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student likes English and likes mathematics.

................................................... [1]

(c) Two students are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both like mathematics.

................................................... [2]
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(d) Two students who like English are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both also like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

4 The time, t minutes, taken by each of 80 people to travel to work is recorded.

The table shows information about these times.

Time
(t minutes)

Frequency 3 7 18 28 24

(a) One of these 80 people is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this person took longer than 10 minutes to travel to work.
Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

................................................... [2]
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(b) Two people are chosen at random from those taking 20 minutes or less to travel to work.

Calculate the probability that one of these people took 5 minutes or less and the other took more than
5 minutes.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

5 6 5
6 7

5
3 5

8
2

The diagram shows a fair 9-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7 and 8.

(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 8,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a number less than 7.

................................................... [1]
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(b) The spinner is spun 135 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

6 Mahika records how 120 students from Year 1 and Year 2 travel to school.
Each student walks, cycles or travels by bus.

• 48 students are in Year 1.

• 77 students walk.
• 5 students in Year 2 cycle.
• 36 students travel by bus.
•
of the students who travel by bus are in Year 1.

(a) Complete the table.

Walk Cycle Bus Total

Year 1

Year 2

Total 120

[3]

(b) One of the 120 students is chosen at random.

Work out the probability that this student does not travel by bus to school.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

7 The favourite sport of each of 135 boys is recorded in the table.

Favourite sport Frequency Pie chart sector angle

Soccer 54 144°

Hockey 45

Rugby 27
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Other 9

(a) Complete the table.

[2]

(b) Complete the pie chart to show these results.

The sector for soccer has been drawn for you.

Soccer

[2]

(c) One of these boys is picked at random.

Find the probability that soccer is his favourite sport.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]
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Bag A Bag B

Bag A contains 2 black marbles and 3 white marbles.

Bag B contains 5 black marbles and 8 white marbles.

(a) Write down the probability that a marble picked at random from bag A is black.

................................................... [1]

(b) Toby says,

‘You are more likely to pick a black marble at random from bag B than from bag A
because bag B has more black marbles.’

Is Toby correct?
Give a reason for your answer.

.............................. because ....................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Toby adds some marbles to bag B.

The probability of picking a black marble at random from either bag is now the same.

Work out the smallest number of black marbles and white marbles he adds to bag B.

Black ...................................................

White ................................................... [2]

[Total: 5]

9 In a class activity, all the 15 students wear hats.

7 students wear red hats, 6 students wear green hats and 2 students wear white hats.
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(a) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student wears a red hat.

................................................... [1]

(b) Two of the 15 students are picked at random.

Show that the probability that these two students wear hats of the same colour is .

[3]

(c) Three of the 15 students are picked at random.

Find the probability that at least two of these three students wear red hats.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 8]

10 Paul has a set of 8 cards, each with a number written on it.

The numbers on the cards are 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5.
One card is taken at random.

Write down the probability that the number on the card is

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(a) 1,

................................................... [1]

(b) an odd number,

................................................... [1]

(c) a prime number,

................................................... [1]

(d) a number less than 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

11 The diagram shows a fair 8-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 3, 4, 4, 7, 7, 7, 8 and 9.

(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 7,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a number greater than 2.

................................................... [1]
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(b) The spinner is spun 160 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 7.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

12 Soraya makes 30 flags.

11 flags are pink, 7 are yellow, 5 are blue, 4 are silver and 3 are green.
Soraya takes a flag at random.

Find the probability that the flag she takes is

(a) pink,

................................................... [1]

(b) not blue,

................................................... [1]

(c) red.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

13 A box contains 22 coloured pencils.

6 pencils are pink, 9 pencils are blue and 7 pencils are yellow.

A pencil is taken at random from the box.

Write down the probability that this pencil is green.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

14 40 children were asked if they have a computer or a phone or both.

The Venn diagram shows the results.
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(a) A child is chosen at random from the children who have a computer.

Write down the probability that this child also has a phone.

................................................... [1]

(b) Complete the Venn diagram.

[2]

[Total: 3]

15 Sushila has a bag that contains 10 red balls and 8 blue balls.
She takes one ball at random from the bag.

Find the probability that she takes a red ball.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 1]

16 The table gives some information about the numbers of visitors at a leisure centre one day.

Adult Child Total

Male 144 240

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Female 129 260

Total 225 275 500

(a) Complete the table. [1]

(b) Work out how many more child visitors than adult visitors there are.

................................................... [1]

(c) Write down the fraction of visitors that are adults.

Give your answer in its lowest terms.

................................................... [2]

(d) Write the ratio number of males : number of females.

Give your answer in its simplest form.

.............................. : .............................. [2]

(e) One of these visitors is selected at random.

Find the probability that this visitor is a male child.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

17 A bag contains 20 bulbs.

8 are yellow, 5 are red, 4 are white and 3 are pink.
Sam takes one bulb at random.

Find the probability that the bulb he takes is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]
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(b) blue,

................................................... [1]

(c) not pink.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

18

Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

A ball is taken at random from each bag.

(a) Show that a black ball is more likely to be taken from bag A than from bag B.

[1]

(b) Find the probability that the two balls have different colours.

................................................... [3]
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[Total: 4]

19 A bag contains 6 green balls, 5 red balls and 3 blue balls only.
A ball is taken from the bag at random.

Find the probability that the ball is

(a) green,

................................................... [1]

(b) green or red,

................................................... [1]

(c) yellow.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

20 The 262 students at a college each study one of the languages shown in the table.

French German Spanish Italian Japanese Total

Boys 27 48 19 123

Girls 32 54 12

Total 53 30 262

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) Find the probability that

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(i) a girl, chosen at random, studies Spanish,

................................................... [1]

(ii) a boy, chosen at random, studies French or Italian,

................................................... [1]

(iii) a student, chosen at random, does not study German.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

21 Samira and Sonia each have a bag containing 20 sweets.

In each bag, there are 5 red, 6 green and 9 yellow sweets.

(a) Samira chooses one sweet at random from her bag.

Write down the probability that she chooses a yellow sweet.

................................................... [1]

(b) Sonia chooses two sweets at random, without replacement, from her bag.

(i) Show that the probability that she chooses two green sweets is .

[2]
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(ii) Calculate the probability that the sweets she chooses are not both the same colour.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 7]

22 The table shows the number of screws of different lengths in a box of 100 screws.

Length (mm) 20 40 50 60

Number of screws 18 36 24 22

A screw is chosen at random from the box.

Find the probability that the screw has length

(a) 50 mm,

................................................... [1]

(b) less than 60 mm,

................................................... [2]

(c) 70 mm.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

23 A bag contains 5 black counters, 8 white counters, 6 green counters and 1 yellow counter.
A counter is taken from this bag at random.
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Find the probability that this counter is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]

(b) not white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

24 A bag contains 5 black counters, 8 white counters, 6 green counters and 1 yellow counter.
A counter is taken from this bag at random.

Find the probability that this counter is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]

(b) not white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

25 A bag contains 5 black counters, 8 white counters, 6 green counters and 1 yellow counter.
A counter is taken from this bag at random.

Find the probability that this counter is

(a) white,

................................................... [1]
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(b) not white.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

26 Hattie has a box of coloured pens.

She takes a pen at random from the box.
The probability that she takes a red pen is 0.4 .

(a) Work out the probability that she does not take a red pen.

................................................... [1]

(b) The box contains only blue, red and green pens.
There are 15 blue pens and 15 green pens.

Complete the table.

Colour of pen Blue Red Green

Number of pens 15 15

Probability 0.4

[2]

[Total: 3]

27 Chico has a bag of sweets.

He takes a sweet from the bag at random.
The table shows the probabilities of taking each flavour of sweet.

Flavour Lemon Lime Strawberry Blackcurrant Orange

Probability 0.15 0.22 0.18 0.24

(a) Complete the table. [2]

(b) Find the probability that the sweet is lemon or lime.

Answer(b) ................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

28 The table shows the probability that a person has blue, brown or green eyes.

Eye colour Blue Brown Green

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Probability 0.4 0.5 0.1

Use the table to work out the probability that two people, chosen at random,

(a) have blue eyes,

Answer(a) ................................................... [2]

(b) have different coloured eyes.

Answer(b) ................................................... [4]

[Total: 6]

29 You may use this Venn diagram to help you answer the questions.

F S

In a class of 30 students, 25 study French (F), 18 study Spanish (S).

One student does not study French or Spanish.

(a) Find the number of students who study French and Spanish.

Answer(a) ................................................... [2]

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(b) One of the 30 students is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student studies French but not Spanish.

Answer(b) ................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

30 Celine buys a bag of 24 tulip bulbs.

There are 8 red bulbs and 5 white bulbs.
All of the other bulbs are yellow.

Celine chooses a bulb at random from the bag.

(a) Write down the probability that the bulb is red or white.

Answer(a) ................................................... [1]

(b) Write down the probability that the bulb is yellow.

Answer(b) ................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]