1

1 The Venn diagram shows the number of students in a class of 40 who study physics (P), mathematics (M)
and geography (G).

(a) Use set notation to describe the shaded region.

................................................... [1]

(b) Find .

................................................... [1]

(c) A student is chosen at random from those studying geography.

Find the probability that this student also studies physics or mathematics but not both.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 4]
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2 Shade the correct region in each Venn diagram.

K L

P Q

Q ∪ P' M
(K ∪ L) ∩ M '

[2]

[Total: 2]

3
E M

............. .......... .............

.............

50 students are asked if they like English (E) and if they like mathematics (M).
3 say they do not like English and do not like mathematics.
33 say they like English.
42 say they like mathematics.

(a) Complete the Venn diagram. [2]

(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student likes English and likes mathematics.

................................................... [1]

(c) Two students are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both like mathematics.

................................................... [2]
 3

(d) Two students who like English are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both also like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

4 Shade the region .

D E

[1]

[Total: 1]

5 Shade the region .

[1]

[Total: 1]

6 = {x : x is a natural number 15}

F = {x : x is a factor of 12}
O = {x : x is an odd number}
 4

(a) Complete the Venn diagram to show the elements of these sets.

[2]

(b) Write down one number that is in set O, but not in set F.

................................................... [1]

(c) Find .

................................................... [1]

(d) A number is chosen at random from .

Work out the probability that this number is in set O.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]
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7 In this Venn diagram, shade the region .

[1]

[Total: 1]

8 40 children were asked if they have a computer or a phone or both.

The Venn diagram shows the results.

(a) A child is chosen at random from the children who have a computer.

Write down the probability that this child also has a phone.

................................................... [1]
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(b) Complete the Venn diagram.

[2]

[Total: 3]
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V E N N D I A G R A M

The diagram shows 11 cards.

(a) One of these cards is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that the letter on the card is not A.

................................................... [1]

(b) A card is chosen at random from these 11 cards and then replaced.
A second card is then chosen at random.

Find the probability that exactly one card has the letter N.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]

2
E M

............. .......... .............

.............

50 students are asked if they like English (E) and if they like mathematics (M).
3 say they do not like English and do not like mathematics.
33 say they like English.
42 say they like mathematics.

(a) Complete the Venn diagram. [2]

(b) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student likes English and likes mathematics.

................................................... [1]
 2

(c) Two students are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

(d) Two students who like English are chosen at random.

Find the probability that they both also like mathematics.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 7]

3 6 5
6 7

5
3 5

8
2

The diagram shows a fair 9-sided spinner.

The numbers on the spinner are 2, 3, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 7 and 8.

(a) The spinner is spun once.

Write down the probability that the spinner lands on

(i) the number 8,

................................................... [1]
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(ii) a number less than 7.

................................................... [1]

(b) The spinner is spun 135 times.

Work out the expected number of times the spinner lands on the number 6.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

4 A bag contains 3 blue buttons, 8 white buttons and 5 red buttons.

Two buttons are picked at random from the bag, without replacement.

Work out the probability that the two buttons are either both red or both white.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]
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5 Malik goes to a shop every day to buy bread.

On any day, the probability that Malik goes to the shop in the morning is 0.7 .

If he goes in the morning, the probability that there is bread for Malik to buy is 0.95 .
If he goes later, the probability that there is bread for Malik to buy is 0.6 .

Calculate the probability that, on any day, there is bread for Malik to buy.

0.7x0.95 + 0.3 x 0.6 = ................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

6 In a class activity, all the 15 students wear hats.

7 students wear red hats, 6 students wear green hats and 2 students wear white hats.

(a) One of these students is picked at random.

Find the probability that this student wears a red hat.

................................................... [1]
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(b) Two of the 15 students are picked at random.

Show that the probability that these two students wear hats of the same colour is .

[3]

(c) Three of the 15 students are picked at random.

Find the probability that at least two of these three students wear red hats.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 8]

7 Tanya plants some seeds.

The probability that a seed will produce flowers is 0.8 .
When a seed produces flowers, the probability that the flowers are red is 0.6 and the probability that the
flowers are yellow is 0.3 .

(a) Tanya has a seed that produces flowers.

Find the probability that the flowers are not red and not yellow.

................................................... [1]
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(b) (i) Complete the tree diagram.

[2]

(ii) Find the probability that a seed chosen at random produces red flowers.

................................................... [2]

(iii) Tanya chooses a seed at random.

Find the probability that this seed does not produce red flowers and does not produce yellow
flowers.

................................................... [3]
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(c) Two of the seeds are chosen at random.

Find the probability that one produces flowers and one does not produce flowers.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 11]

8
On any Saturday, the probability that Arun plays football is .

On any Saturday, the probability that Bob plays football is .

(a) (i) Complete the tree diagram.

[2]
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(ii) Calculate the probability that, one Saturday, Arun and Bob both play football.

................................................... [2]

(iii) Calculate the probability that, one Saturday, either Arun plays football or Bob plays football,
but not both.

................................................... [3]

(b) Calculate the probability that Bob plays football for 2 of the next 3 Saturdays.

................................................... [3]
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(c) When Arun plays football, the probability that he scores the winning goal is .

Calculate the probability that Arun scores the winning goal one Saturday.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 12]

9
The probability that the school bus is late is .

If the school bus is late, the probability that Seb travels on the bus is .

If the school bus is on time, the probability that Seb travels on the bus is .

Find the probability that Seb travels on the bus.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]
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10
1 2 3 4 5

The diagram shows five cards.

Two of the cards are taken at random, without replacement.

Find the probability that both cards show an even number.

................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

11 Esme has a bag with 5 green counters and 4 red counters.

She takes three counters at random from the bag without replacement.

Work out the probability that the three counters are all the same colour.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]
 11

12 Ravi has a bag that contains 10 red balls and 8 blue balls.
He takes two balls at random from the bag, without replacement.

Find the probability that one ball is red and one ball is blue.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

13 Talika has a bag that contains 10 red balls and 8 blue balls.
She takes three balls at random from the bag, without replacement.

Calculate the probability that the three balls are the same colour.

................................................... [4]

[Total: 4]

14 A group of 200 people were asked which city they would like to visit next.
The table shows the results.

City London Paris New York Tokyo

Number of people 50 48 56 46
 12

(a) A person from the group is chosen at random.

Write down the probability that this person would like to visit either Paris or Tokyo next.

................................................... [2]

(b) Two people are chosen at random from the group of 200.

Find the probability that one person would like to visit London next and the other person would like to
visit New York next.
Give your answer as a percentage.

................................................... % [3]

[Total: 5]
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15

Bag A contains 3 black balls and 2 white balls.

Bag B contains 1 black ball and 3 white balls.

A ball is taken at random from bag A and its colour is recorded.

This ball is then placed in bag B.
A ball is then taken at random from bag B.

Find the probability that the ball taken from bag B has a different colour to the ball taken from bag A.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]

16 A box contains 20 packets of potato chips.

6 packets contain barbecue flavoured chips.

10 packets contain salt flavoured chips.
4 packets contain chicken flavoured chips.

(a) Maria takes two packets at random without replacement.

 14

(i) Show that the probability that she takes two packets of salt flavoured chips is .

[2]

(ii) Find the probability that she takes two packets of different flavoured chips.

................................................... [4]

(b) Maria takes three packets at random, without replacement, from the 20 packets.

Find the probability that she takes at least two packets of chicken flavoured chips.

................................................... [3]

[Total: 9]
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1 Here is some information about six numbers:

• The lowest number is 37.
• The range is 24.
• The mode is 43.
• The median is 46.
• One number is a multiple of 11.

Find the other five numbers.

37, .................... , .................... , .................... , .................... , .................... [4]

[Total: 4]

2 Maria owns a restaurant with 30 tables.

One day she records the number of customers at each table at 7 pm.
The bar chart shows the results.

(a) (i) Write down the mode.

................................................... [1]

(ii) Find the range.

................................................... [1]
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(iii) Calculate the mean.

................................................... [3]

(b) On the same day she also recorded the number of customers at each table at 1 pm.
The results are shown in the table.

Number of customers at each table 1 2 3 4 5 6

Number of tables 8 13 5 4 0 0

Write down two comments comparing the results from 7 pm with the results from 1 pm.

1. ................................................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 7]

0 50 100 150 200

Mass (grams)

The box-and-whisker plot shows information about the masses, in grams, of some apples.

(a) Find the median.

................................................... g [1]

(b) Find the range.

................................................... g [1]

(c) Find the interquartile range.

................................................... g [1]

[Total: 3]
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4 (a) The time, t minutes, spent on homework in one week by each of 200 students is recorded.
The table shows the results.

Time (t minutes)

Frequency 6 10 70 84 30

Calculate an estimate of the mean.

................................................... min [4]

4 (b) A new table with different class intervals is completed.

Time (t minutes)

Frequency 86 114

On a histogram the height of the bar for the interval is 17.2 cm.

Calculate the height of the bar for the interval.

................................................... cm [2]

[Total: 6]

5 The time, t minutes, taken by each of 80 people to travel to work is recorded.

The table shows information about these times.

Time
(t minutes)

Frequency 3 7 18 28 24
 4

(a) Use the frequency table to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Time
(t minutes)
Cumulative
3 10 80
frequency

[1]

(b) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency diagram to show this information.

[3]

(c) Find an estimate for the 80th percentile.

................................................... min [2]

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(d) Find an estimate for the percentage of people who took longer than 45 minutes to travel to work.
Show all your working.

................................................... % [3]

[Total: 9]

6 The table shows information about the mass, m grams, of each of 120 letters.

Mass (m grams)

Frequency 43 31 25 21

(a) Calculate an estimate of the mean mass.

................................................... g [4]
 6

(b) Iraj draws a histogram to show this information.

He makes the height of the first bar 17.2 cm.

Calculate the height of each of the remaining bars.

height of bar for ................................................... cm

height of bar for ................................................... cm

height of bar for ................................................... cm [3]

(c) Complete the cumulative frequency table.

Mass (m grams)

Cumulative
frequency

[2]
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(d) Draw a cumulative frequency diagram.

120

100

80

Cumulative
frequency 60

40

20

0 m
0 100 200 300 400 500
Mass (g)
[3]

(e) Use the cumulative frequency diagram to find an estimate for

(i) the median,

................................................... g [1]

(ii) the upper quartile,

................................................... g [1]

(iii) the 40th percentile,

................................................... g [2]

(iv) the number of letters with a mass m where .

................................................... [2]

[Total: 18]
 8

7 The box-and-whisker plot shows information about the marks scored by some students in a test.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Mark

(a) Write down the median mark.

................................................... [1]

(b) Work out the range.

................................................... [1]

(c) Jais scored a mark in the test that was higher than the marks scored by 75% of the students.

Write down a possible mark for Jais.

................................................... [1]

(d) This box-and-whisker plot shows information about the marks scored by the same students in a second
test.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Mark

Make one comparison between the distributions of marks in the two tests.

..........................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 4]

8 The heights, h metres, of the 120 boys in an athletics club are recorded.
The table shows information about the heights of the boys.

Height
(h metres)

Frequency 7 18 30 24 27 14
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(a) (i) Write down the modal class.

.............................. .............................. [1]

(ii) Calculate an estimate of the mean height.

................................................... m [4]

(b) (i) One boy is chosen at random from the club.

Find the probability that this boy has a height greater than 1.8 m.

................................................... [1]

(ii) Three boys are chosen at random from the club.

Calculate the probability that one of the boys has a height greater than 1.8 m and the other two
boys each have a height of 1.4 m or less.

................................................... [4]

(c) (i) Use the frequency table to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Height
(h metres)
Cumulative
7 25
frequency

[2]
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(ii) On the grid, draw a cumulative frequency diagram to show this information.

[3]

(d) Use your diagram to find an estimate for

(i) the median height,

................................................... m [1]

(ii) the 40th percentile.

................................................... m [2]

[Total: 18]
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9 The table shows the number of people in different age groups at a cinema.

Age (y years)

Number of people 35 32 44 12

Dexter draws a histogram to show this information.

The height of the bar he draws for the group is 7 cm.

Calculate the height of each of the remaining bars.

................................................... cm

................................................... cm

................................................... cm [3]

[Total: 3]

10 20 students each record the mass, p grams, of their pencil case.

The table below shows the results.

Mass
(p grams)
Frequency 2 5 4 6 3
 12

(a) Calculate an estimate of the mean mass.

................................................... g [4]

(b) Use the frequency table above to complete the cumulative frequency table.

Mass
(p grams)
Cumulative
20
frequency

[2]

(c) A student is chosen at random.

Find the probability that this student has a pencil case with a mass greater than 150 g.

................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]