INTERNAL ASSIGNMENT 1

URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING

A.HARSHINI SREE

2230600090

MTP 1ST YEAR

2ND SEMESTER
1. How can climate retrofitting initiatives be leveraged to empower mobility in India, focussing on
sustainable transportation infrastructure and policies?

a. Aspects to be discussed:

 Define Climate Retrofitting and its significance in mitigating climate change impacts.

 Challenges and Opportunities in Indian Mobility

 Strategies for retrofitting transportation infrastructure and transport systems

 Technological Opportunities

 Role of urban planning and sustainable development

 Policy and Governance Frameworks

 Case Studies and Best Practices

1. Climate retrofitting involves the strategic enhancement of existing infrastructure and systems to
mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. It encompasses upgrades aimed at increasing resilience,
reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and adapting to changing environmental conditions.

CHALLENGES

India's mobility landscape grapples with numerous challenges, including rampant traffic congestion,
alarming levels of air pollution, insufficient public transportation infrastructure, and significant road
safety concerns.

However, amidst these challenges lie opportunities for innovation and transformation, driven by
emerging technologies and evolving urban dynamics.

Strategies for Retrofitting Transportation Infrastructure:

Expanding public transit networks, prioritizing pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, promoting cycling

lanes, and integrating smart mobility solutions such as ride-sharing platforms and intelligent traffic
management systems. These measures aim to enhance accessibility, reduce emissions, and improve
overall transportation efficiency.

Technological Opportunities: Embracing technological advancements holds immense potential in

revolutionizing transportation systems. Initiatives like transitioning to electric vehicles (EVs), deploying
real-time traffic monitoring and control systems, and leveraging data analytics to optimize
transportation networks can significantly contribute to sustainability and efficiency.

Role of Urban Planning and Sustainable Development:

Intertwining urban planning with sustainable transportation is essential. By fostering mixed-use

development, creating walkable neighborhoods, and prioritizing transit-oriented development, cities
can reduce reliance on private vehicles, mitigate sprawl, and encourage eco-friendly modes of
transportation.
Policy and Governance Frameworks: Formulating robust policies and governance frameworks is crucial
for driving sustainable mobility initiatives. Governments must incentivize the adoption of green
transport alternatives, enforce stringent emission standards, and explore mechanisms like congestion
pricing to manage traffic congestion effectively. Strong governance ensures the successful
implementation and enforcement of these policies.

Case Studies

Ahmedabad's Janmarg Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS):

Ahmedabad, the largest city in Gujarat, faced severe traffic congestion and pollution due to rapid
urbanization. To address these challenges, the city implemented the Janmarg BRTS in 2009. The system
comprises dedicated bus lanes, modern stations, and a fleet of high-capacity buses.

Key Features and Successes:

Dedicated bus lanes ensure faster and more reliable travel times, reducing congestion.

Well-designed stations offer comfort and accessibility for passengers.

Integration with other modes of transport promotes seamless connectivity.

Janmarg significantly reduced travel times and improved air quality, leading to enhanced mobility and
environmental sustainability.

 Delhi Metro Rail:

Delhi, India's capital, faced escalating congestion and pollution issues exacerbated by a rapidly growing
population and vehicle ownership. The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) launched the Delhi Metro
project in 2002 to provide a sustainable and efficient public transportation system.

Key Features and Successes:

Extensive metro network spanning across Delhi and its neighboring regions.

Integration with feeder buses and other modes of transport enhances accessibility.

Reduced vehicular congestion and air pollution in the city center.

The Delhi Metro has become a lifeline for millions of commuters, offering safe, reliable, and eco-friendly
transportation options.

By comprehensively addressing these aspects, India can harness the potential of climate retrofitting
initiatives to usher in a new era of sustainable mobility, fostering resilience, reducing environmental
impact, and enhancing the quality of life for its citizens.
2. Discuss how transportation systems be effectively planned and designed from a gender lens to
ensure inclusivity and address gender-specific mobility needs?

Mobility is experienced differently by different genders, as they use different modes of transport for
different purposes in different ways depending on their socially determined reproductive, productive
and community related gender roles
Planning transport systems to ensure gender inclusivity requires considering the diverse needs,
constraints, and experiences of different genders.

 Gender related data has to be collected first relating to trip patterns, mode choices, safety
concerns and time constraints.
 Then, diverse stakeholders are to be consulted including women, men and marginalized groups
in planning process. Their input can provide valuable insights into the specific challenges and
preferences that different genders face while using transportation.
 Address safety concerns related to transportation, particularly for women and marginalized
groups who may feel vulnerable in certain environments. This involves adequate lighting, clear
signage, well-monitored stations, safe waiting areas, and accessible emergency services.
 Ensure accessibility and affordability.
 Provide diverse transportation options.
 Consider time-use patterns.
 Implement gender-sensitive policies.
 Promote gender diversity in the sector.
 Educate and raise awareness.
 Monitor and evaluate progress.

BEST PRACTICES

No Area Aim Data Collection Data Analysis Proposals

1. Bhopal To identify the issues and Combination of Comparative ● Physical
Their input can provide quantitative & analysis had interventions
valuable insights into qualitative been done for ● Awareness And
the specific challenges primary data to public Capacity Building
and preferences that understand the transport ● Institutional
impact of parameters Reform
different genders face
safety issues in ● Policies And
while using
public transport Mobility Plans
transportation. in
challenges faced by women’s social
women and economic
commuters while mobility.
accessing &
using public transport in
their
everyday lives.
2 Kerala To provide suggestions to Ticketing ● Initiatives by ● Metropolitan
the systems, CMP, GoK Transport
State Transport Infrastructure ● Issues and Authorities as nodal
Department and employee perception of agency
towards making records with the women ● . Gender
transportation different ● disaggregated data
systems inclusive and agencies. Infrastructure framework
safer. Integrated Assessment ● Gender
Transportation ● Good responsive
Management Practices infrastructure
Systems (ITMS) is ● Women inclusion
recorded in transport sector
by KSRTC. ● Training and
awareness
programs