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8. Consider an economy with two labor markets-one for manufacturing workers and one for
service workers. Suppose initially that neither is unionized.
a. If manufacturing workers formed a union, what would you expect to happen to the wages and
employment in manufacturing? …
b. How would these changes in the manufacturing labor market a!ect the supply of labor in the
market for service workers? What would happen to the equilibrium wage and employment
draf in this
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labor market?
E!ects of Unionization in a Two-Market Economy

a. Impact of Unionization in Manufacturing:

Wages: Unionized workers typically negotiate higher wages compared to non-unionized

workers in the same industry. The union acts as a collective bargaining unit, giving workers
more power to negotiate for be"er pay and bene#ts. So, we expect wages in manufacturing to
increase.
Employment: Unions may also in$uence hiring practices. They might advocate for job security
measures or seniority-based bene#ts, which can sometimes lead to companies being more
cautious about hiring new workers. Additionally, higher wages due to unionization might make
manufacturing less competitive compared to non-unionized sectors. Therefore, employment in
manufacturing could decrease or remain stagnant.

b. Impact on Service Worker Market:

The changes in the manufacturing sector can have a ripple e!ect on the service worker market:

Supply of Labor: If manufacturing jobs are lost due to unionization, some laid-o! workers
might seek jobs in the service sector. This would increase the supply of labor in the service
industry.
Equilibrium Wage and Employment: With an increased supply of labor in the service sector,
the equilibrium wage for service workers would tend to decrease. This is because with more

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