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1 Warm up
Discuss the questions in pairs or small groups.

1. Have you ever used software to help you write something?

2. Do you think it is wrong to pretend that somebody else’s work is your own?
3. Why do you think that people are investing so much money in AI such as chatbots?
4. Do you think you could tell the difference between an article written by a person and one written
by a machine?
5. Have you ever tried a chatbot like OpenAI’s ChatGPT? Would you be interested in doing so?
Why/why not?

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2 Pre-listening task: vocabulary focus

Part A: Match words with the correct definitions.

1. credible (adj.) a. the act of breaking a law or rule

2. unveil (v) b. copy somebody/something

3. infringement (n) c. collect or obtain something

4. prompt (n) d. show or introduce a new plan, product, etc. to the public for the
first time
5. harvest (v) e. the word or words inputted to a computer program in order to
produce a result
6. imitate (v) f. a difficulty or problem that delays or prevents something, or
makes a situation worse
7. setback (n) g. that you can trust and respect as true and correct

8. authoritative (adj.) h. that can be believed or trusted

Part B: Complete the sentences with the missing words from Part A. You may need to change the
form of the word.

1. The job offer sounded at first, but it turned out to be fake.

2. By entering a series of , I was able to control the robot and make it walk around
the room.

3. The police are investigating my former boss for a potential of employment laws.

4. When my new book was first , nobody seemed to notice. Thankfully, it went on
to sell thousands of copies.

5. There are concerns that some companies may be customer data to use for marketing
purposes.

6. Young children will often attempt to their parents.

7. Despite suffering from a number of , our business recorded huge profits by the
end of the year.

8. Fake news is often spread by websites that present misinformation in an manner.

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3 Listening for specific information

Listen to the report. Match the items mentioned with the things they relate to.

100 million 1998 82 billion

1. the value (in pounds) of shares that was lost after an AI bot made a mistake

2. the amount of users that ChatGPT has reached

3. the year in which Google was launched

4 Listening for comprehension

Listen to the report again. Answer the questions true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).

1. Bard is the name of a company that has created a new chatbot.

2. Embarrassingly, the new chatbot made a mistake during a promotional video.

3. The new chatbot is already available to the public.

4. ChatGPT has attracted criticism as there are concerns that it infringes on copyright.

5. Microsoft is using ChatGPT to power its own search engine.

6. Bing is the most popular website on the planet.

7. As well as developing ChatGPT, OpenAI developed the DALL-E series of image generators.

8. According to Google, Bard will use up-to-date information from the Internet.

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5 Reading: general vocabulary

Part A: Match the words in bold with the correct definitions.

Group 1

1. The focus of my thesis is the discourse of early European tribes, and the way their languages
changed over time. (n)

2. I tried to explain myself, but I felt like I was shouting into the void. (n)

3. Although pushed by cinemas, many members of the public found 3-D glasses to be a little gimmicky.
(adj.)

4. His new album has been hyped as a must-buy, but I listened to it at a friend’s house and didn’t like
it at all. (v)

5. Some literary characters have been parodied so many times in both books and films that it is hard
to take them seriously. (v)

6. The police said he wittingly gave money to the criminal group. (adv.)

a. using an unusual trick or unnecessary device that is intended to attract attention or persuade
people to buy something

b. copy the style of somebody/something in an exaggerated way, especially in order to make people
laugh

c. the use of language in speech and writing in order to produce meaning

d. advertise something a lot and make its good qualities seem better than they actually are, in order
to get a lot of public attention for it

e. a large empty space

f. in a way that shows that you are aware of what you are doing

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Group 2

1. There’s a statue in our town that is something of an oddity. Tourists love it, but I find it quite
unpleasant to look at. (n)

2. After dating an artist for a number of months, I attempted to create my own paintings, but they
were crude in comparison to hers. (adj.)

3. She played with flair, and was, in my opinion, the best violinist I’ve ever heard in my life. (n)

4. Many of the proponents of the new technology are rich businessmen looking to expand their
profits. (n)

5. The hysteria surrounding the vaccine was a result of online videos by conspiracy theorists. (n)

6. Fear of flying often becomes ingrained in us at a young age but may become easier to manage as
adults. (adj.)

a. (of a habit, attitude etc.) that has existed for a long time and therefore is difficult to change

b. simply made, not showing much skill or attention to detail

c. a quality showing the ability to do things in an interesting way that shows imagination

d. a person or thing that is strange or unusual

e. an extremely excited and exaggerated way of behaving or reacting to an event

f. a person who supports a thing, idea or course of action

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Part B: Complete the short text below with the words and phrases from the above exercise. You may
need to change the tense of the word or phrase.

1 2
Unlike some of chatbot technology, I’ve been labelled something of an
3
by the press. Why would a writer support generative AI, they ask? What’s wrong
with him? Well, I have my reasons. Firstly, I have to state that I do believe chatbots are somewhat
4
, and that, in their present form, they won’t be around for long. What may emerge
afterwards is something that could be very useful for those of us who write for a living, as well as
5
individuals suffering from mobility or other problems. A lot of the around AI ignores
those whose lives would be made significantly easier by the technology – but how would a machine
that takes writers’ jobs help writers, you ask?
6
It’s all in the planning. Even those who write with usually have to plan, to an extent,
despite their talent with words. Preparing a novel, essay or article is the most tedious part of the
7
writing process. If we could use AI to create a plan for our creative, academic or
journalistic works, we could spend more time perfecting the end product. In short, I believe it would
8
make our writing better. Of course, the around AI doesn’t usually consider these kinds
of benefits. The software will, people insist, be used only to make the rich richer. Perhaps that is true
9
– chatbots have certainly been to an insane degree, suggesting that a lot of powerful
people have invested in the tech – but if AI is inevitable, we should start to focus on how we can make
10
it work for us, rather than against us. The alternative is to shout helplessly into the
as the machines take over.

Part C: Discuss these questions in pairs.

1. Can you think of any famous proponents of AI? Why do people support artificial intelligence?
2. Do you think mistrust of robots and AI is ingrained in the public consciousness?
3. Can you think of a film which parodied another film? Was it amusing?
4. Do you have a flair for anything artistic?
5. Should the punishment for wittingly breaking a law be the same as the punishment for unwittingly
breaking one?
6. Will robots develop their own discourse in the future?
7. Can you think of a famous person that you would describe as an oddity?

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6 Pre-reading task: reading for general understanding

You are going to read a text about the rise of generative AI. Scan the text quickly and match the
opening sentences with the correct paragraphs. One opening sentence cannot be matched to any of
the five paragraphs and should be marked ‘Not given’.

1. ChatGPT and similar programs take the predictive text model to its logical conclusion.

2. In order to address the concerns around chatbots, we need to understand their form and purpose.

3. The dangers of artificial intelligence extend beyond the world of chatbots, with AI already being
used by the military in a number of countries.

4. Why, then, are we fixated on AI?

5. This could have been written by a machine.

6. Public interest in chatbots continued to increase with gimmicky examples surfacing in the era of
the chatroom.

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The Age of AI
Have we created our own replacement?

A. In a dark corner of the web, somebody may have inputted words into a chatbot. Within seconds,
an in-depth article about the dangers of generative AI would have been generated by artificial intelligence. As it
happens, this particular piece was written by a human being – but for how much longer will we be able to say
that? With the rise of ChatGPT and its rival, Google’s Bard, the way we work, create and live looks set to change.
We are entering a new era, in which the words we encounter online, in books or in magazines have been plucked
from the void by machines and twisted into something resembling human discourse. Are we writing ourselves out
of our own story, or is the tale of AI just another chapter in the history of panic and hysteria?

B. Although hyped as the next big thing, AI capable of imitating human speech has been around for
a long time. In 1966, computer scientist Joseph Weizenbaum unveiled a piece of software that many consider the
world’s first chatbot. Named Eliza, the program was created to illustrate the superficial nature of communication
between humans and computers. Eliza formulated responses to prompts based on a script which parodied the
sort of conversation a patient may have with a psychotherapist. The software was a hit, with those who tried it
seemingly fascinated with Eliza despite knowing that the entire thing was an illusion.

C. During these early years of our digital age, scripted software was little more than a toy to be used
for pranks, or an oddity that held our attention for a matter of minutes. Then came mobile phones, and shortly
afterwards, predictive text. Initially, a maddening battle between man and machine as the user struggled to type
a simple greeting, text prediction software became ingrained in the popular consciousness with the arrival of the
smartphone. By the late 2010s, we had accepted a reality in which a handheld computer could predict what we
were going to say based on prior communications.

D. Instead of browsing through a user’s personal history, the software searches through its vast
library of human ideas and generates a credible-sounding answer. In essence, chatbots weave bits and pieces
of everything we, collectively, have ever written and published online – wittingly or otherwise – and form them
into something that sounds like it has been created by a human being. Except, of course, it hasn’t. As with Eliza,
the software can only offer an illusion, a crude mimicry of humanity. Artificial intelligence doesn’t understand
creativity, flair, warmth or sorrow. It cannot connect to its audience because it doesn’t know what the word
means.

E. Aside from the many drawbacks, could it perform a useful function? Proponents of chatbots have
pointed out that they could make life easier for people with disabilities, allowing them to formulate long passages
of text with minimal input. Generative AI could also be used at the planning stage, enabling students, scientists and
creatives to create a rough outline of a project. As technology evolves, new professions would emerge, although
it seems likely that far more jobs will be lost as a result of artificial intelligence. Perhaps our focus on chatbots
and machine art reflects a self-destructive side to human nature. Are we looking for a way to replace ourselves
because we know, deep down, that we aren’t going to be around forever? Are we subconsciously building our
own successors as a way to preserve our culture, to ensure that we leave our mark on the universe? Or is money
driving the ascent of AI, as tycoons look for shortcuts to increase profits, at the expense of us all? One thing is for
sure – the age of artificial intelligence is upon us.

Sources: BBC, The Guardian, The Jerusalem Post, Lexology

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7 Reading comprehension

Read the article again. Complete the sentences with between ONE to THREE words from the article.

1. Our way of life looks with the release of chatbots such as Bard and ChatGPT.

2. Is the danger we face from AI real, or is there an element of and hysteria?

3. The first chatbot appeared in 1966 – a computer called Eliza.

4. The script used by the chatbot attempted to imitate the kind of conversation a
might have with their patient.

5. Early examples of commercial chatbots included that amounted to little more than
a toy for users to prank their friends with.

6. The software that current chatbots use originated in smartphones, with their model
relying on a library of prior communications to guess the user’s response to a message.

7. Modern chatbots generate credible-sounding answers based on a of human ideas.

8. A lack of understanding and emotion means that chatbots can only ever of creativity,
mimicking humanity rather than generating something original.

9. Potential uses for the technology include as an aid to those with .

10. Although chatbots will create more jobs, will be lost as a result of artificial
intelligence.

8 Talking Point

In pairs or small groups, discuss the following questions.

1. Would you consider using a chatbot to help you write emails or letters? Why/why not?
2. Should legislation be put in place to protect people’s jobs from AI?
3. Why do you think ChatGPT has so many users?
4. Will chatbots become less or more popular over the next ten years?
5. Could a robot ever write a novel? Will all of our creative output be created by robots in the future?
6. Do you consider essays articles written by ChatGPT to be examples of copyright infringement?
Why/why not?
7. Will a robot ever be able to create an original piece of art? Why/why not?

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9 Extended activity/writing homework

Write an opinion essay on ONE of the topics below. Your essay should agree with or disagree with
the statement, and should be between 260 – 340 words.

1. No good can come from artificial intelligence.

2. No art is original. Everything creative is an attempt to imitate something else.

Alternative extended activity:

In two groups, debate the statement below. One group should argue FOR the statement, the other
AGAINST. When planning your debates, think of at least 5 points to support your position. You may
also wish to consider the arguments that the other team is likely to use, so that you can respond to
them accordingly. During the debate, each team member should have a chance to speak.

In order to protect our jobs and future, generative artificial intelligence should be banned.

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