Teaching strategies and approaches in teaching science

Science is a systematic and logical approach to studying the natural world. It’s involves
observing, experimenting, and analyzing data to understand the underlying principles and mechanism
that govern the universe. Science is based on empirical evidence and relies on the principles of
objectivity, skepticism, and reproductivity.
Approaches in Teaching Science
 Contextual learning theory

 According to contextual learning theory, learning occurs only when students process new
information or knowledge in such a way that it makes sense to them in their own frames of
reference (their own inner worlds of memory, experience, and response). The mind naturally
seeks meaning in context by searching for relationships that make sense and appear useful.
 Building upon this understanding, contextual learning theory focuses on the multiple aspects of
any learning environment, whether a classroom, a laboratory, a computer lab, or a worksite. It
encourages educators to choose and/or design learning environments that incorporate many
different forms of experience in working toward the desired learning outcomes.
 In such an environment, students discover meaningful relationships between abstract ideas
and practical applications in the context of the real world; concepts are internalized through the
process of discovering, reinforcing, and relating.
 Science, Technology, and Society Approach (STS)
Science, Technology, and Society (STS) is an approach that provides a foundational
understanding of the role of science and technology in the modern world. It connects
science study to students’ daily lives, emphasizing their roles as citizens, technology users,
consumers, and inhabitants of Earth
 COMPONENTS OF STS
1. Science is a product which is an organized and rapidly changing body of knowledge. It is
also a process which is a dynamic way of acquiring, using. and refining the body of
knowledge.
2. Technology-is the application of science toward a specific practical outcome such as the
development and use of new techniques, methodologies and products to achieve a specific
purpose.
3. Society: The human context in which scientific and technological changes occur.
Different societies shape the nature of science and technology they develop

 7e’s Model:
Is an extension of 5E model. Designed to provide a more comprehensive framework for
teaching and learning in science. This model is based on the constructivist approach, which
posits that learners construct their own understanding of the world through experiencing
things and reflecting on those experiences.
The seven stages of this constructivist-based learning cycle model are;
1. Elicit – this is the first step where the teacher elicits students’ prior knowledge and
experiences that are relevant to the new concept.
2. Engage- here, the teacher captures the students’ interest, stimulating curiosity with interesting
questions or by presenting situations that are challenging.
3. Explore- students get a chance to explore the new concept through hands-on activities. This
stage allows students to get a direct experience of the phenomena being studied.
4. Explain- students explain their understanding of the concept. Teachers help guide students
toward a deeper understanding and help them to connect their explorations to the scientific
concept.
5. Elaborate- Students apply their understanding of the concept by conducting additional
activities. The teacher provides further challenges to help students extend their understanding.
6. Evaluate – the teacher assesses the students’ understanding of the concept of the concept.
Students are also encouraged to assess their own understanding and abilities.
7. Extend – this is the final stage where students apply what they have learned to new
situations. The teacher helps the students make connections to related concepts. Thus,
expanding their understanding and ability to apply what they’ve learned to other areas.
Teaching strategies

• Strategies is the art and science of directing and controlling the movements and activities of
the army. If strategies are good, we can get victory over our enemies. In teaching this term is
meant those procedures and method by which objectives of teaching are realized in the class.
1. Hands-On Experiments and Activities:
• Conduct hands-on experiments that allow students to explore scientific concepts
firsthand. Whether it’s mixing chemicals, observing plant growth, or testing simple
machines, active participation fosters engagement.
• Use interactive simulations or virtual labs to simulate experiments when physical
resources are limited.
2. Real-World Relevance:
• Connect science to real-life situations: Discuss how scientific principles apply to
everyday scenarios. For example, explain the physics behind roller coasters or the
biology of food digestion.
• Invite guest speakers: Bring in experts from relevant fields to share their experiences
and insights.
3. Inquiry-Based Learning:
• Encourage curiosity and questioning: Pose open-ended questions and guide
students to explore answers independently.
• Problem-solving challenges: Present students with real-world problems that require
scientific thinking. For instance, designing a sustainable energy solution or investigating
environmental issues.
4. Cooperative learning
cooperative learning is “the instructional use of small groups through which students work
together to maximize their own and each other’s learning.
 Positive interdependence - This principle emphasizes that the success or failure of the group
depends on the success or failure of each member.
 Individual accountability - This implies that each member of the group is not only responsible
for their own learning but also in helping their fellow students to learn.
 Equal participation - This means that each member has his/her own role, work or load to
achieve the goal of the group.
 Simultaneous - This means that students share and openly express their views and
suggestions in a group.

Members:

Tutanes, Juvy G.
Magpulong, Anamarie
Yam-oc, Mary Marthe