Mastercard Foundation

Outcomes Baseline, Nigeria

Prepared by Ipsos Nigeria

November 2023
ACRONYMS
EA Enumerated Area
FCT Federal Capital Territory
FMS Field Management System
FS Foundation Supported
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GPS Global Positioning System
IDP Internally Displaced Persons
IOM International Organization for Migration
IP Implementing Partner
LGA Local Government Area
MSME Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
NLYS National Landscape Youth Survey
PLWD People Living With Disability
PPS Probability Proportional to Size
PSU Primary Sampling Unit
YAW Young Africa Works
YLWD Youth Living With Disability

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Table of Contents
ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................................... i
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Survey Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Survey Scope of Assignment ......................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Sample Distribution and Sampling ................................................................................................ 3
2.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIELD TEAM.......................................................................... 8
2.1 Field Team Composition ............................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Roles and Responsibilities of the Field Team ................................................................................ 8
2.3 Expectations of the Field Team ................................................................................................... 13
3.0 RESEARCH ETHICS ........................................................................................................................... 15
3.1 Research Responsibilities for Data Collectors............................................................................. 15
3.2 Informed Consent ....................................................................................................................... 15
3.3 Privacy ......................................................................................................................................... 16
3.4 Confidentiality ............................................................................................................................. 16
4.0 BASIC INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES ................................................................................................ 16
4.1 Gaining Cooperation ................................................................................................................... 17
4.4 Probing ........................................................................................................................................ 19
4.5 Controlling the Interview ............................................................................................................ 19
4.6 Ending the Interview ................................................................................................................... 21
5.0 QUESTIONNAIRE AND KEY INDICATORS ......................................................................................... 21
5.1 Questionnaire Overview ............................................................................................................. 21
5.2 Questionnaire Transitions During Data Collection ..................................................................... 21
6.0 SECURITY AND SAFETY .................................................................................................................... 24
6.1 IPSOS Nigeria Field Level Security Protocol ................................................................................ 24
6.2 Ipsos Duty of Care to Data Collectors ......................................................................................... 26
7.0 ANNEXURE ...................................................................................................................................... 26
7.1 Project Timelines......................................................................................................................... 26
7.2 Regional Training Itinerary .......................................................................................................... 26
7.3 Glossary of Terms........................................................................................................................ 29
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

Nigeria is a populous country and largest economy, with a current population of 200 million people, and
this number is expected to grow to 310 million by 20351. With vastly diverse demographic, geopolitical,
socio-cultural dimensions, and significant resource endowments, Nigeria’s economy is uniquely placed for
strong economic growth and has the potential to be a giant on the global stage.
Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) make up a significant portion of the GDP (50%)2 and
employment (86%)3 in the country and are the most easily disrupted given that over 99% of MSMEs are in
the informal economy. In terms of entrepreneurship composition, the National MSME survey notes that
entrepreneurs are predominantly male and are typically above 36 years old (78% male vs. 22% female).
While both male and female entrepreneurs face constraints such as lack of capital, women are specifically
impacted by several obstacles, such as dearth of collateral – which limits access to loans and credit to act
as start-up capital – and lower income levels.
The scarcity of jobs in the formal sector is leading a significant number of Nigeria’s youth to find work in
the informal sector, engaging in small and household enterprises. The informal sector has established its
role as a major source of employment and earnings for rapidly growing young populations. Nearly 70% of
employment outside farming is in the informal sector4.
MasterCard Foundation sees the challenge of youth employment in Nigeria as an immense opportunity.
Nigeria’s young people are innovative and energetic and are already creating solutions to the challenges
they face. With its abundance of resources, a young and entrepreneurial population, and a dynamic private
sector, Nigeria has the potential to create inclusive economic transformation and jobs-induced growth to
improve the quality of life for all Nigeria
The MasterCard Foundation is implementing her 10–year Young Africa Works Strategy which seeks to
provide opportunities for young people in Africa to secure dignified and fulfilling work. The YAW Strategy
is being implemented in 14 African countries. The Foundation believes that youth employment is key to
unlocking prosperity, both for young women and men and their societies5. Enabling young women and
men from disadvantaged communities to secure dignified and fulfilling work will ensure inclusive
development and economic growth in Africa.
This phase of the outcomes baselines is designed to determine the outcome of interventions handled by
the Foundations Implementing Partners (IP) in Nigeria which contribute towards enabling work
opportunities that is dignified and fulfilling among beneficiaries i.e., employees of participating enterprises
and programme participants (youths and non-youths). It also seeks to explore as part of the National
Landscape survey, the state of youth employment in Nigeria especially for youths that are internally
displaced and youths living with disabilities. The study will be conducted in line with the Guide to Shared

1
https://data.worldbank.org/country/NG
2
National Survey of Micro, Small and Medium enterprises (MSMEs), 2017
3
MasterCard Foundation, Nigeria’s Macro-Context Synthesis Report, Dalberg Advisors, 2021.
4
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), “National Survey of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in 2017”, 2018
5
Youth are defined as ages 15–35 in this strategy and aligns with African Union’s definition from United Nations
Population Division, “World Population Prospects: the 2019 Revision.”

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Measures (the key reference document for the Foundation’s impact strategy), and it will focus on the
outcomes and impact of the foundation’s programmes against the Young Africa Works Strategy.

1.2 Survey Objectives

The outcomes baseline study aims to gather data regarding the current state of YAW’s intended outcomes
based on on-going project implementation. Specifically, the primary objectives include the following:
I. Performance to key indicators established in the Shared Measures Framework
II. To ascertain the baseline status of agency, voice, resilience, and quality of life being experienced
by the Nigerian youths that are internally displaced or living with disabilities and their communities
III. Inform decision related to programme design and the target population

1.3 Survey Scope of Assignment

The overall survey implementation involves a mixed method approach of desk research, qualitative and
quantitative data collection. The coverage for this training manual is based on the quantitative data
collection work. Data collection at the national level would involve interviews with enterprises and
employees of enterprises, youth and non-youth participants of the foundation supported programmes
managed by the foundations implementing partners. And also interviews with youths that are internally
displaced or living with disabilities in selected states.
Table 1: Definition of Respondent Categories.
Targeted Populations Definition Coverage Sample (n)
These are the total number of organizations (including
MSMEs, farmer cooperatives, educational institutions, etc.)
Enterprises who have received support from the Foundation or its 2583
partners. Respondents in this group would be
owners/managers of enterprises that are 15 – 45 years
These are the employees of organizations including MSMEs,
Employees of enterprises farmer cooperatives, educational institutions, etc.) who have
5166
(Youth) received support from the Foundation or its partners. These
employees would be youths that are 18 to 35 years of age.

Youth who have received any training support through any

delivery method to improve their employability; management 36 States +
ability; sector knowledge and technical skills; access to FCT
Youth participants 1521
further educational opportunities; awareness of policies and
regulations; social and emotional skills; or other relevant
expertise. These would be between 15 to 35 years of age.

These are older participants (36 - 45 years) who have

received any training support through any delivery method
to improve their employability; management ability; sector
Non-youth participants 761
knowledge and technical skills; access to further educational
opportunities; awareness of policies and regulations; social
and emotional skills; or other relevant expertise.
These are youths (15 - 35 years) who are from internally
Youths from internally displaced households. They have not received any form
10 states 777
displaced households (IDP) training support from the foundation supported
programmes.
These are youths (15 - 35 years) living with various forms of
Youths living with 36 States +
disabilities. They have not received any form training support 485
disabilities (YLWD) FCT
from the foundation supported programmes.

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1.4 Sample Distribution and Sampling
1.4.1 Data Collection Approach and Platform
Quantitative interviews would be carried out using a face – to – face in-person interview approach for all
respondents. The quantitative data would be collected through Ipsos data collection proprietary CAPI
software, i-Field6.
1.4.2 Sampling and Methodology
Enterprises, youths, and non-youths’ participants.
Through a data sharing agreement (DSA) Ipsos would be provided with a database of enterprises, youths,
and non-youths’ participants. The goal would be to interview everyone on the database.
CATI verification and contact tracing: the list provided would be verified to ascertain respondent details (e.g.,
name and age), address (location) and to schedule appointment for interviews.
Employees of Enterprises
During interviews with the enterprise respondents, ALL employees of the enterprise that are 18 years
and above would be listed. One male (18 – 35) years and one female (18 – 35) years of age would be
electronically sampled for interview. This, however, would depend on the number of employees and
gender employed by the enterprise. If only male employees are listed, only one male employee within the
age range would be randomly selected. If only female employees exist within the enterprise, only one
female employee would be selected. Sampling irrespective of the gender available/listed for the enterprise
would be based on the youth age range (18 – 35) years of age.
Table 2: Sample Distribution of Foundation Supported Enterprises, Employees of Enterprises and Participants.
Participants
Participants
States Enterprises Employees of Enterprises Total (Non- Total
(Youth)
Youth)
ABIA 43 86 129 21 11 32
ADAMAWA 59 118 177 22 11 33
AKWA IBOM 32 64 96 24 12 36
ANAMBRA 25 50 75 22 11 33
BAUCHI 93 186 279 24 12 36
BAYELSA 24 48, 72 11 6 17
BENUE 21 42 63 27 14 41
BORNO 95 190 285 25 12 37
CROSS RIVER 27 54 81 22 11 33
DELTA 82 164 246 35 18 53
EBONYI 29 58 87 21 10 31
EDO 47 94 141 22 11 33
EKITI 18 36 54 14 7 21
ENUGU 23 46 69 24 12 36
FCT ABUJA 41 82 123 77 38 115
GOMBE 62 124 186 22 11 33

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https://www.ipsos.com/en-hk/ipsos-ifield-ipsos-global-standard-face-face-interviews

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 IMO 20 40 60 24 12 36
JIGAWA 59 118 177 65 33 98
KADUNA 329 658 987 375 187 562
KANO 320 640 960 160 80 240
KATSINA 87 174 261 43 22 65
KEBBI 60 120 180 15 7 22
KOGI 9 18 27 18 9 27
KWARA 24 48 72 22 11 33
LAGOS 289 578 867 91 46 137
NASARAWA 37 74 111 18 9 27
NIGER 32 64 96 47 24 71
OGUN 53 106 159 29 14 43
ONDO 24 48 72 18 9 27
OSUN 27 54 81 24 12 36
OYO 85 170 255 50 25 75
PLATEAU 25 50 75 19 10 29
RIVERS 48 96 144 21 10 31
SOKOTO 58 116 174 15 7 22
TARABA 45 90 135 13 6 19
YOBE 61 122 183 19 10 29
ZAMFARA 99 198 297 18 9 27
*UNKNOWN 71 142 213 4 2 6
Total 2583 5166 7749 1521 761 2282
*NB: The location of the “unknown” sample would be ascertained during CATI verification and contact tracing exercise.

Youths from Internally Displaced Households

The sample for this category would be accomplished through in the following steps:
Step1: Random Selection of Primary Sampling Unit (IDP Camps):

• A determination of the number of IDP Camps to be sampled per state based on data received
from IOM using the PPS approach (i.e., 10 states) . And a selection of the required number of
camps for each state using the RAND function in excel.
Step 2: Obtain the List of Households in IDP Camps:

• Prior to the actual fieldwork, each state team will visit the selected IDP camps to submit a letter
of introduction. In addition, the field teams will also request for the list of households in each
camp. They will also brief the camp authorities about the survey and every activity that will take
place in the camp.
Step3: Obtain the List of Households in IDP Camps:
1. Scenario 1: Utilizing the household lists obtained from camp officials, households will be randomly
selected for inclusion in the study, with the 1st household in each camp selected using the day’s
code method (the summation of the digits of the day’s date to get a single digit). And subsequent
households will be selected by applying a 3-household skip household pattern, from which eligible
youth will be drawn until the required numbers per camp are reached.

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2. Scenario 2: In camps where it is not possible to get a complete listing of households from camp
officials, the following steps will be used:
➢ Select a starting point in the IDP camp by locating the central source of water in the camp
(or any other major landmark). From that starting point, the selection of households
within the camp would strictly follow the random route walk approach.
➢ Using the left-hand rule, where household boundaries are clearly delineated, the first
household is selected using the day’s code method (the summation of the digits of the
day’s date to get a single digit). The corresponding household will be the first to begin
from. to get a single digit). The corresponding household on the household list for each
IDP camp will be the first household to begin from.
➢ Depending on the first household, the team will skip 3 households and select the next
household for selection. This will be done until the required number of eligible IDPs
respondents is achieved within each camp.
3. Within each eligible household (scenarios 1 and 2), eligible youths aged 15-35 years will be
interviewed. Using a household listing the interviewer will first list all the members of any
household selected. After which, using the eligibility criteria (youth aged 15-35), the interviewer
will attempt to recruit one male and one female from each household using a KISH grid approach.
More specifically, where more than one eligible youth of each gender is available in the household,
the interviewer will use two separate KISH grids – one for each gender – to randomly select
which of the eligible youth of each gender to interview – resulting in two youth respondents
(female and male) per household. The KISH gird already programmed on iField will be used to
randomly select the respondent when there are more than one eligible youth of any gender in a
household – resulting in one youth respondent per household (female or male).
4. Because inclusion of youth participants in the study is entirely dependent on availability, not all
households selected will yield eligible youth of both genders. Nevertheless, the randomly selected
respondent (female or male)/respondents (female and male, in households where it is possible to
recruit youth of both genders) would be interviewed without replacement. Up to three (3)
attempts, including using evening or weekend revisits, scheduled appointments, as well as the trace
to work approach; to interview the sampled respondents.
5. Scenario 3: Where households are not clearly defined or living conditions are more communal in
nature, the team will approach the management of each camp, with knowledge of youths living
therein, to obtain the listing of Youths (15-35).
➢ The list obtained will be stratified by gender for a 50:50 female/male list. i.e., 2 separate
lists of young women and young men.
➢ The team will randomly select IDP Youths from each of the two separate gendered lists,
using the date to select the starting point on each list and the ‘X’ number of skips – as
determined by dividing the total number of IDP Youths per camp by the number targeted
until all the required interviews for each gender category is achieved.
➢ If there are insufficient IDP Youths of either gender available to achieve the desired 50:50
female/male split in the total number identified, the shortfall can be made up by
interviewing more IDPs in the available majority gender, with the relevant weighting
applied to correct for this during the post-data collection/analysis phase.
➢ Respondents’ selection in this scenario will also be done without replacement and require
3 attempts/repeat visits to complete the required interviews.

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Table 3: Sample Distribution of Youths (15 – 35) years of age from IDP Households.

No of Households IDP Youth

State No of IDP Camps
per Camp Sample (n)
BENUE 9 30 270
NASARAWA 6 2 12
PLATEAU 7 5 35
KANO 7 2 14
KATSINA 13 11 143
SOKOTO 6 6 36
ADAMAWA 18 8 144
BAUCHI 14 3 42
GOMBE 8 4 32
TARABA 7 7 49
Total 95 777

Youths Living with Disabilities (YLWD)

The sample for this category would be accomplished through
• Step 1: Prior to the main field work, at the ward level, approach CSOs/community leaders with knowledge
of/who are representative of PLWDs (such as JONAPWD 7) to obtain the listing of Youth (15-35) LWDs

• Step 2: Stratify the list by gender for a 50:50 female/male list

• Step 3: Apply predetermined/pre-researched and/or information obtained from CSOs/community leaders

with knowledge of/who are representative of PLWDS (such as JONAPWD) on the proportional
categorization of the types of disabilities to the 2 separate lists of young women and young men of YLWDs
to proportionally stratify each list based on sample size of YLWDs per ward. In other words, both the
female and male lists will have different strata/categories of potential interviewees based on the different
types of disabilities identified, with the number of interviewees per strata for each gender determined by
the proportion of each disability type relative to the total number of YLWDs obtained from step 1. In
practice, the field team may experience certain challenges to including proportionally sufficient numbers of
young women and men LWDs according to the types of disabilities identified – such as certain disabilities
which prevent the YLWDs’ ability to provide voluntary informed consent/ participate in study. In such
cases8, the sample can be completed by young women and men LWDs who consent to and are able to
participate in the study regardless of their disability type, with the relevant weighting (by disability type)
applied to correct for this during the post-data collection/analysis phase.

• Step 4: Randomly select YLWDs from each of the two separate gendered lists, using the date to select the
starting point on each list and the ‘X’ number of skips – as determined by dividing the total number of
YLWDs by the sample size - until all the required interviews for each gender per strata/disability category
is achieved.

• Step 5: If there are insufficient YLWDs of either gender available to achieve the desired 50:50 female/male
split in the total number of YLWDs identified, the shortfall can be made up by interviewing more YLWDs
in the available majority gender, with the relevant weighting applied to correct for this during the post-data
collection/analysis phase.

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Joint National Association of Persons with Disabilities
8
Which should be documented in the field reports and in OB reporting as required

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Table 4: Sample Distribution of Youths Living with Disabilities (YLWD), 15 – 35 years of age.

State No of NLYS wards No of YLWDs per ward YLWDs sample (n)

ABIA 5 2 10
ADAMAWA 6 2 12
AKWA IBOM 7 2 14
ANAMBRA 7 2 14
BAUCHI 8 2 16
BAYELSA 3 2 6
BENUE 7 2 14
BORNO 10 2 20
CROSS RIVER 5 2 10
DELTA 7 2 14
EBONYI 4 2 8
EDO 6 2 12
EKITI 4 2 8
ENUGU 6 2 12
FCT ABUJA 2 3 6
GOMBE 4 2 8
IMO 7 2 14
JIGAWA 8 2 16
KADUNA 15 2 29
KANO 16 2 32
KATSINA 10 2 20
KEBBI 6 2 12
KOGI 6 2 12
KWARA 4 2 8
LAGOS 16 2 32
NASARAWA 3 2 6
NIGER 7 2 14
OGUN 6 2 12
ONDO 6 2 12
OSUN 6 2 12
OYO 10 2 20
PLATEAU 6 2 12
RIVERS 9 2 18
SOKOTO 6 2 12
TARABA 4 2 8
YOBE 6 2 11
ZAMFARA 8 2 16
Total 242 485

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Sampling Without Replacements and Visit Outcomes
Sampling for all the of the survey categories is without replacement. Visit (contact) outcomes MUST be
captured based on the outcome codes in the survey script. This will be tracked throughout data collection.
Your commencement to the next household to sample or respondent to conduct your next interview is
only valid if there is documented data evidence that you have made at least 3 attempts to interview the
selected respondent.

2.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIELD TEAM

2.1 Field Team Composition

The data collection team for this survey would lead by three regional managers i.e., South-West, South-
East and South-South and Norther Nigeria. The regional managers would be supported by six regional
field coordinators i.e., one per geo-political zone. These coordinators would lead data collection team
made up of supervisors and interviewers. Management of all data collection efforts and quality assurance
work would be done through a centralized Project Management Office and a Data Quality Management
Office. The reporting style in-field would be bottom up with leadership and direction cascaded downwards
Table 5: Distribution of Field Team
SN Designation Counts
1 Regional Field Managers 3
2 Regional Field Coordinators 6
3 Supervisors 102
4 Interviewers 450
Total 561

2.2 Roles and Responsibilities of the Field Team

2.2.1 Data Collectors
The roles and responsibilities of an interviewer can be categorized into three main phases: before, during,
and after the data collection exercise. Here's a breakdown of the key responsibilities in each phase:
Before Data Collection:
Familiarization: The interviewer should thoroughly understand the research objectives, study design, and
survey instrument. They should familiarize themselves with the training manual, questionnaire, consent
forms, and any supporting materials ahead of the training so that they come prepared.

Training: Interviewers should undergo comprehensive training to ensure a standardized approach to data
collection. They learn interview techniques, ethical considerations, and proper procedures for
administering the survey or questionnaire. INTERVIEWER: As a data collector your best opportunity
at mastering the survey requirements is during the training. Ensure you ask a lot of questions and seek
clarifications. Your role is crucial to every part of the survey. The quality of the data collected will be
determined by the quality of your work. It is very important to ask questions about anything on the survey
that is confusing or unclear and have all questions answered during training. You must understand all the

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sections in the questionnaires and the flow of the questions before going to the field, but do not hesitate
to ask questions if something comes up in the field.
Preparations: Interviewers should gather the necessary materials for fieldwork, such as scripted
questionnaires and consent forms in all necessary languages, and any required technological devices. They
should ensure all equipment is in working order.

During Data Collection:

While in the field, you are responsible for:

Following instructions from your field survey supervisor. Conduct survey interviews at the respondent’s
office/home but in a location, that will allow the respondent to give answers in privacy.

Adhering to sampling and survey methodology: You must stick to the field-level aspect of the sampling
methodology e.g., working with your supervisor to select your starting point in IDP Camps, listing of
household members on the scripted kish grid for respondent selection, etc.

Capturing visit (contact) outcomes: Visit (contact) outcomes MUST be captured based on the outcome codes
in the survey script. This will be tracked throughout data collection. Your commencement to the next
household to sample or respondent to conduct your next interview is only valid if there is documented
data evidence that you have made at least 3 attempts to interview the selected respondent.
Building rapport: Interviewers establish rapport with respondents, creating a comfortable and trusting
environment. They explain the purpose of the study, address any concerns, and encourage open and
honest participation.

Introduction and consent: Interviewers introduce yourself, seek informed consent from the participants
before proceeding with data collection. ENSURE TO READ OUT THE INTRODUCTION AND
CONSENT AND MAKE NECESSARY EXPLANATIONS TO THE RESPONDENT. • and should your
respondent be a minor (person below 18 years of age), ensure that you get informed consent from a
parent or guardian before you interview such persons. This rule applies for all minors (able and disable).
NB: Should you be assigned to interview a youth living with disability and the youth is unable to provide consent on
his/her own, or take an interview without being aided, ensure to indicate this as part of your contact outcomes.
Interviews must only be conducted with persons (able/disabled) that can provide consent and are able to take an
interview on their own.
Conducting interviews: Interviewers administer the scripted questionnaire to the selected participants.
Administer the questionnaire specific for each respondent category based on your assignment Read and
understand the questionnaire completely in order to be able to assist the respondent where they are not
clear, but DO NOT give leading prompts. ONLY use the definitions and explanations that are provided
in the questionnaire OR in this guide. Read out the questions as they appear on the mobile phone screen,
read questions clearly, and record responses accurately. The scripted questionnaires have been provided
in English, Igbo, Yoruba, Hausa, and Pidgin; ensure to establish the language that the respondent
understand and is able to communicate with among these languages and conduct the interview using the
questionnaire in that language. Synchronize each of your interviews once completed.

Active listening and probing: Interviewers actively listen to participants, demonstrating empathy and respect.
Probe for additional information or clarification when needed to gather comprehensive and accurate data.

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Probe properly for all the information under OPEN-END and Others(specify). NB: Ensure that only
responses that are not part of the response list OR that do not share same meaning as items on the
response list are written under “Others specify”. OPEN-END responses MUST respond to the question
being asked for them to be considered valid.

Seek support (if needed): Consult your supervisor when you have any questions or concerns about the
questionnaire or about methods of locating enterprise/households, selecting respondents, or collecting
information.

Maintaining professionalism: Interviewers maintain a professional demeanor throughout the data collection
process. Treat participants with respect, remain unbiased, and avoid imposing personal opinions or
judgments.

Meet the Daily Strike Rate: a minimum of 3 interviews (number of completed interviews) as specified by the
supervisor or field coordinator.

Managing Time and Logistics: Interviewers manage interviewing time effectively and ensure to conduct
interviews within the allocated timeframe. Ensure that all necessary logistical arrangements are in place,
such as recording responses, maintaining privacy, and adhering to the survey methodology.
Managing appointments: Ensure to record the questionnaire instance ID, time, and date of appointment on
your diary, in the case of suspended interviews due to respondents request for a revisit. And return to
conduct the interview using same questionnaire at the agreed upon time and date.

Transition records: Some of the scripted questionnaires would generate outputs or records that you would
need to complete your next interview. For example, you would detail of selected employees from the
Enterprise Script to conduct employee interviews using the Employee and Participant Script; you would
need details of selected respondent from the IDP & YLWD Sampling Script to be able to conduct
interviews using the IDP & YLWD Survey Script. The details MUST be accurately recorded and transferred
to your next scripted questionnaire as records from associated script will be matched during data quality
reviews. Where it is not possible to match data records, affected cases would be flagged and deleted if
not resolved within 24 hours.

After data collection

Data verification: Interviewers review the collected data for accuracy, completeness, and consistency. Verify
responses, resolve any discrepancies or missing information, and ensure data quality before submitting it
for analysis.

Reporting Issues: Interviewers report any challenges or issues encountered during the data collection
process, such as respondent reluctance, technical problems, or inconsistencies. This feedback helps
improve the overall research process and addresses any concerns.

Follow-up and Thanking Respondents: Interviewers, you may follow up with respondents to express gratitude
for their participation and provide any necessary post-interview information or clarifications (where
available).

Debriefing and Evaluation: Interviewers participate in debriefing sessions with the research team, your
experiences, observations, and suggestions for future improvements. You provide valuable insights into
the data collection process and that may help refine methodologies.

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Daily report: Send a daily report to your supervisor which should include daily target, interviews conducted
and those not conducted with tenable and logical reasons, appointments and time and dates for scheduled
revisits.

Data Collectors are to take note of the following performance policies:

• It is not acceptable to miss work or arrive late to assigned take off spot. This will result in pay
deductions and, in successive cases, your termination of employment and engagement.
• If you are not able to come to work for any reason, YOU MUST notify your Supervisor well in
advance
• Falsifying data is ALWAYS unacceptable and will result in immediate termination of your
employment and engagement on this and any future survey.
• Always have a positive approach. Never adopt an apologetic manner, and do not use words such
as “Are you too busy?” Such questions invite refusal before you start. Rather, tell the respondent,
“I would like to ask you a few questions.”
• If the respondent appears too busy or otherwise unable to complete the survey, kindly reschedule
the interview another time or the next day.
• Never discuss the answers given by one respondent with another respondent or with any other
person. The confidentiality guaranteed to the respondents is of paramount importance
2.2.2 Supervisors
The supervisors begin with ensuring that the knowledge and instructions from the training of trainers are
well understood and accurately transmitted to the interviewers during the regional trainings. Supervisors
are also to ensure that interviewers are assessed to ascertain their level of understanding of the survey
objectives, sampling/methodology, procedures for questionnaire administration, and best practices for
data collection.
The first level of supervision falls on the (state) Supervisors; hence they play a critical role in ensuring that
quality data are collected in accordance with the field protocol. They are the first point for providing
solutions to challenges that may be encountered on the field. It is their duty to ensure the welfare and
safety of the Data Collectors. They must make sure that the workload that falls to the team is completed
and are also responsible for maintaining data quality.
The primary responsibilities of the Supervisors are as follows:

• Provide leadership and inculcate team spirit

• Organize and direct the work of the survey teams and draw up the interviewer and supervision
itinerary for the assignment allocated to the team
• Ensuring that all Data Collectors are prepared and informed of the work plan before starting
fieldwork each day
• Communicate meeting points and other field protocols to team members
• Allocate activities each morning – a half-hour meeting must take place before the start of each
day where important issues and field progress so far are recapped and reviewed
• Ensure that all data collectors are prepared and informed of the work plan before starting
fieldwork each day, including communicating their work assignments and confirming appointments
for the day.
• Accompany field survey interviewers as they conduct interviews to:

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 o Assess interviewing and interpersonal relationship quality
o Feedback to the entire team on errors/problems and solution
• Ensure data collectors go to the selected enterprises and respondents for interview and meet up
with their daily targets. And that appointments based on request for revisit are fulfilled by the
interviewer.
• Ensure that the interviewers stick to the field-level aspect of the sampling methodology e.g.,
working with your supervisor to select your starting point in IDP Camps, listing of household
members on the scripted kish grid for respondent selection, etc.
• Rotational supervision of the data collectors to see to it that they are actively being engaged and
ensure compliance and productivity. Personally observe 20% of interviews completed on the
field
• Monitor, attend and provide feedback on the interviews conducted to the data collectors.
• Provide information on what is happening in the field to the regional field coordinator, via a daily
field report
• Communicate with the regional field coordinator regarding issues that may arise in the field.
• See to it that there are no unsynchronized/uploaded interviews hanging on the devices of data
collectors on completion of work each day
Supervisor Guidelines for Daily Schedule

• Hold a short briefing with the data collection team as early as possible every morning (for 30
minutes) before heading to the field. The briefing will include (but not limited) to the following:
a. What went well
b. What were the challenges
c. Supervisor comments from observations of the interviews
d. Ensure all scripts are properly synchronized
e. Securing agreement on the next steps/steps to correcting the errors
• Remind the interviewers of best interviewing practices and rules: Making a good first impression;
Remaining neutral throughout the interview; Not rephrasing the questions; Not interpreting
responses; Ensuring that all relevant questions are answered; Affirming to respondents, the
confidentiality of their responses, and that there are no wrong or right answers.
• Ensure that the data collectors are working with the right version of the survey sight, have the
right assignments and supplies needed for the days task.
2.2.3 Regional Field Coordinators
The Regional Field Coordinator will be responsible for the following activities:

• Participate in regional pieces of training

• Coordinate all field activities and providing feedback on progress
• Observing complete interviews of Data Collectors across different sub-teams
• Monitor compliance to the field-level aspect of the sampling methodology e.g., working with your
supervisor to select your starting point in IDP Camps, listing of household members on the
scripted kish grid for respondent selection, documentation of contact outcomes in the survey
script, etc.
• Communicating feedback to individual Data Collectors and also addressing team during debrief
• Monitoring uploaded data on the iField FMS portal and cascade data quality issues flagged on the
portal to the data collection teams for their region.

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 • Ensure speedy and accurate resolution of data quality issues by regional teams
• Communicating challenges on the field with the Regional Field Managers and PMO
• Ensuring that the State teamwork in accordance with the work plan and timelines
• Ensuring that field logistics (transportation, accommodation, survey script, assignments, etc.) are
adequately and timely available to each state’s field team
• Collating, reviewing, and communicating performance data of data collectors i.e., quality checks
reported by the Quality Assurance tams e.g., GPS coordinates within clusters, interview duration,
flat-liners, etc. to the regional teams.
• Ensure all supervisors comply with the study approach as communicated in the ToT
• Receive daily updates (s) from all supervisors within his/her region
• Escalate unresolved issues to the field manager at the head office in Lagos, follow up on measures
to correct such issues and pass the same to the supervisors
• Randomly select states within his/her region to conduct field observation, and provide adequate
feedback to the field manager
2.2.4 Regional Managers
The Regional Field Managers will be responsible for the following activities:

• Participate in regional pieces of training

• Ensure compliance of the field team with a study approach
• Provide adequate resources needed to execute the study to the field team
• Escalate unresolved issues to the project management office (PMO), follow up on measures to
correct such issues and pass the same to the regional coordinators/supervisors
• Participate in the regional training
• Deliver the survey to requirements for their respective regions

2.3 Expectations of the Field Team

2.3.1 Expectations from Data Collectors and Supervisors before and during the Regional Training

It is a known fact that some are more experienced than others, interviewing is a skill that can be learnt.
Therefore, the regional training sessions have been organized for this purpose. During the training
sessions, we expect active participation from each trainee. This will promote your understanding of the
instruments. This training course is designed to be very practical. The goal of the training is for you to:

• Fully understand the purpose and objectives of the Outcomes Baseline Survey.
• Fully understand the sampling approach and survey methodology
• Understand the different questionnaires and the intended respondent
• Learn how to obtain informed consent
• Understand the flow of the questionnaires (based on assignments)
• Learn how to conduct surveys correctly using the iField script
• Master the conduct of survey in the language of interview
• Work as productive member of a data collection team

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Prior to training:

• Study this manual very carefully and remember the main points that are explained here
• Become fully familiar with all the sections in your questionnaires
• Practice reading and role playing the survey
• Gather questions and feedback before you arrive at the training
• Plan your schedule and travel logistics to attend all 5 days of the regional training
During the training:

• Classroom practice and Mock Sessions: You will practice reading aloud the informed consent and
the questionnaire several times in pairs, so that you may become comfortable with the content.
You will also be asked to take part in role plays during which you practice by conducting mock
interviews with other trainees.
• Field practice: You will interview members of a nearby community/businesses (enterprises)
• Assessments: You will be given tests, and the surveys that you complete will be checked and rated.
NOTE: Always bring these materials in your pack to the class during training and to the field during
fieldwork. The manual will serve as a reference guide throughout the field work. We have recruited more
Data Collectors for this training course than are needed. At the end of the training course, the best Data
Collectors will be selected based on their test results and performance during the field practice.

2.3.1 Expectations from Data Collectors and Supervisors during the actual survey data collection
Workdays: During the survey you are expected to work from Monday through Saturday weekly
between 8:00 am- 6:00pm daily, except if additional workday is communicated by the regional field
management. The days are long, but we expect everyone to have a good attitude on those days that are
particularly challenging.
Attire and Demeanor - The first thing a respondent notices about the Data Collector is his/her
appearance. It is important to create a good impression by being polite, neat, and courteous. Also, it is
important to ‘dress for the location’, i.e., when visiting the community wear casual clothes that make you
blend in e.g., traditional attire/jeans/khaki/blouse/shirt/flat footwear, and when visiting an organization also
blend in with the norm, e.g., suit/cooperate trousers, skirts, dresses, and shirts.
Monitoring duties: Supervisors should have a weekly work plan for monitoring activities which should be
adhered to and shared with the Ipsos field and project management office.
FMS and QC Reporting: The iField Field Management System(FMS) provide survey quality compliance
reports to data collection teams on issues requiring course correction and on-going improvements during
data collection. This would also include data quality issues that for validation and correction. The data
collection team and leadership would work as one team in real-time to resolve all data and survey quality
issues.
Field Technical Report: One completion of data collection each Regional Field Coordinator would be
required to collate and provide a field report covering experiences during data collection.

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3.0 RESEARCH ETHICS

The importance of ethical behavior in research especially during the data collection phase cannot be
overemphasized because it is essential to the conduct of quality research. This entails adhering to
professional standards, and more importantly, it requires you to maintain the highest standards of honesty,
fairness, and equity in interpersonal and professional relationships during research. Ethical research
practices respect the dignity, diversity and rights of individuals and groups of people. It is expected that all
staff apply these standards in a consistent way, even when it is inconvenient to do so.

3.1 Research Responsibilities for Data Collectors

As a Data Collector, you need to promote research integrity at all times and stand out no matter the
pains and sacrifices. One of your major responsibilities is protecting all human subjects (i.e the
respondents) in the study. The wellbeing and safety of our participants should be paramount to you. It is
expected that your conduct does not leave participants worse than when you met them.

3.2 Informed Consent

Informed consent is the process by which research participants are given important information, including
possible risks and benefits of a research. This is to help them decide if they want to participate or not.
Informed consent means that the Data Collector has shared enough study information so that the
participant can make an informed decision about participation in the research process. This requires an
understanding of the experience and the effects of participating in the study so that s/he can voluntarily
accept or decline our invitation to participation in the research process.
It is important not to confuse the informed consent process with the consent form. The informed consent
process entails that you:

• read the scripted informed consent statement to the respondent

• ensure the respondent understands what their participation will involve
• confirm their willingness to participate
As a researcher, it is your ethical obligation to respect respondents’ rights, and provide the information
needed for them to make an informed decision about participation. This is reflected in the requirement
to obtain respondent consent before data collection (before you ask any research question), and in a
coercion-free environment. Respondent’s informed consent must be obtained for participation in the
survey before an interview begins.
The consent statement you read to the respondent must:

• explain the survey’s purpose

• assure respondents that their survey participation is completely voluntary and
• explain that as respondents, they are not obligated to answer any questions, and have the right to
stop the interview at any point.
Data Collectors must read the informed consent to each participant exactly as written while potential
respondents must also be asked if they agree to participate in the survey or not. It is important to note

15
that administering consent correctly is a crucial part of research. Also, when going through the informed
consent procedure with potential respondents, it should be remembered that this is an informational and
interactive process. As earlier noted, the goal of informed consent is to ensure that participation is
voluntary through clear, respectful communication. Please carefully and slowly read the consent
information to the respondents. The respondent should be helped to understand the survey purpose and
procedures, in order for him/her to make an informed, considered decision about whether or not s/he
wants to participate.

3.3 Privacy
Privacy in research is defined as ‘having control over the extent, timing, and circumstances of sharing
oneself with others (physically, behaviorally, or intellectually)’. In every research, participants have the
right to privacy; that is, control over the scope, timing, and circumstances of their shared information.
Participants must be assured that their rights of privacy will be respected at all times. In the process of
conducting the interview, always ensure that the respondent is comfortable and that conversations are
kept private. Data Collectors should never share information given by a respondent; this information is
given in confidence and must not be disclosed to any other person including members of the respondent’s
household.

3.4 Confidentiality
Confidentiality refers to protecting the participant’s personally identifiable data. Confidentiality represents
an agreement that is formed between the researcher and participant, via the informed consent process,
that ensures the participant’s identity, personal information, responses, etc. will not be disclosed to anyone
outside of the research team unless otherwise agreed upon. Data Collectors must assure the
participants that their answers will be completely confidential.
All data collected are strictly confidential. In principle, this means that all questions should be asked in
private, to ensure that answers remain confidential. The presence of other people, during the interview
may cause the respondent to give less accurate answers because some respondents may not want to
disclose sensitive information in front of others. At the start of the interview, Data Collectors should
explain to the respondents that some questions are confidential and ask her/him to find a quiet location,
where she is least likely to be disturbed. If another adult (or adults) does not understand and refuse to
leave, you must use tact and imagination to try and get privacy.
The following ‘Prompts’ are often helpful when seeking one-on-one time with respondents:

• Ask the respondent to persuade the other person to leave

• Explain as politely as possible that the interview is best conducted in private
• Try to satisfy the person's curiosity by reading the first question, and then say something like:
"You have heard some of the questions. Will you now excuse us for a little while"?

4.0 BASIC INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES

The success of every interview is largely dependent on the quality of skill sets deployed by a Data
Collector. This includes the ability to successfully obtain consent to participate from respondents with
records of minimal or no refusal rates. It is therefore critical to ensure that interviews are made interesting
and pleasant as every interview/respondent is unique. This section presents some techniques on how best
to gain the cooperation of respondents and conduct successful and quality interviews. Please note that an

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exceptionally high response rate from respondents is necessary in order to conclude that the survey is
successful.

4.1 Gaining Cooperation

Gaining cooperation of respondents is a combination of a number of factors which include your behavior
and sensitivity towards the respondents. A successful Data Collector is organized, prepared logistically
and mentally, and listens in order to know exactly what to say based on the circumstances of the
respondents. To gain the respondent’s cooperation during implementation of this survey, we have
highlighted some important things you do below, please study carefully:

• Be prepared. Any interview requires a lot of preliminary preparation. You must study the survey
materials and familiarize yourself with the questionnaire and the variants. You must become
acquainted with the procedures and be ready to provide information and answers.
• Be likeable. Present yourself as a friendly, but professional person. Be well-dressed and modest
in appearance. Before respondents can be comfortable answering the survey, they must be
comfortable with you. Before you can sell the survey, you must sell yourself. If appropriate, make
friendly comments on things you see (i.e., gardens, playing child, etc.). At all times, you must be
polite and respectful, especially if the respondent is rude. Never be patronizing. A Data Collector
should not let the respondent feel that she/he is an “investigator” or that they are subjected to a
test or an examination.
• Be positive. Use positive verbs and expressions, show you are happy to conduct the survey,
highlight the positive aspects of the survey. People are naturally predisposed to dislike those who
bring bad news. Never adopt an apologetic manner, and do not say things like “Are you too busy?”
Such questions invite refusal before you start. Rather, tell the respondent, “I would like to ask you
a few questions” or “I would like to talk with you for a few moments.” Moreover, you should not
let the respondent feel that you are embarrassed when asking questions because that will make
the respondent feel embarrassed too, and less likely to answer openly.
• Be responsive to the specific situation you are facing. If the respondent is busy, annoyed, upset
or simply in a bad mood, do apologize for taking his/her time. If his/her bad mood persists, you
can, as a last resort, offer to come back at a different time or date, which should be set right away.
• Be neutral. Show interest and appreciation for the respondent’s answers, but do not volunteer
any personal information and never share opinions with him/her. Personal information might
influence the respondent who is trying to please the Data Collector and might establish a personal
- rather than a professional - interview style. If the respondent asks about you, answer by stressing
your professional characteristics and experiences. Furthermore, any feedback given to the
respondent must not include any evaluation or judgment on the part of the Data Collector. It is
essential for each Data Collector to remain absolutely NEUTRAL about all subjects of the
interview. Most people are naturally polite, particularly with visitors, and they tend to give answers
and adopt attitudes that they think will please the visitor. You must not express surprise, approval
or disapproval about ANY answers given by the respondent, and you must not tell him/her what
you think about these things yourself. You must also avoid any preconceived ideas about the
respondent's ability to answer certain questions or about the kind of answer he is likely to give.
It is thus most important for you to read the questions exactly as they are written in the
questionnaire. Unless your respondent requires further clarification/break down, at which point
it is acceptable to accurately paraphrase the question in a way that captures the way the question
was originally asked.

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• Be honest. Do not lie. If you are asked a question, always answer truthfully, while pointing out
the positive aspects of the answer.
• Be polite. Do not threaten. Keep your distance. Always ask if you can enter a room and/or if you
can sit. Ensure you provide informed consent. The interview is about finding out and recording a
list of facts and behaviors. The respondent needs to feel comfortable about the survey and has
the right to refuse being interviewed. Your interview should therefore be as natural as possible
and conducted politely, like a normal conversation.
• Don’t answer phone calls in the midst of interview. Always keep your phone on silent/vibration
mode and do not engage with your phone(s) in the midst of interview for any reason except its
professional or family related.
• Be patient. Do not rush the interview. If the respondent is too busy, take your time and do not
rush the respondent into participating until you are sure he/she is on board. After asking a question
you should give the respondent time to think about the answer. Haste may not allow him/her
enough time to really think about their response, thus risking inaccurate responses or vague
answers such as "I don't know".
• Be attentive. Do not ignore the respondent’s questions and expressions of reluctance. You must
be observant and vigilant. You must be ready to answer any questions or concerns the respondent
might have and handle reluctance appropriately. In the unlikely event that he/she asks you a very
detailed technical question for which you don’t have an answer, you should apologize and assure
him /her that your supervisor will contact him/her to address his concern. You must report such
cases to your supervisor and make sure he/she calls the respondent that same day. In the event
that the Supervisor is close by, you can call his/her attention.
• Ask questions as worded - Do not change the question. If the respondent does not seem to
understand the question, simply repeat it. Rephrasing a question without proper care might alter
the question and might cause contamination. In some unusual cases, the respondent may simply
not be able to understand a question. In that case, you can rephrase it in simpler or colloquial
language. But you must be careful so that the intention of the question does not get altered.
• You will be expected to fill in the survey in the exact manner as trained. Because you will
be using electronic devices to collect data, all questions should be filled out during the interview.
You must not record answers on scraps of paper with the intention of transferring to the device
later. Neither should you rely on your memory to fill out the questionnaire at the end of the
interview.
• Build a rapport with the interviewee - A comfortable relationship between the Data Collector
and respondent is the foundation for good interviews. The respondent’s first impression of you
will set the tone for the whole interview. If you seem uninterested, bored, or hostile, the
respondent will likely act in a similar way. You should remember that people tend to react
favorably if they think the interviewer is someone with whom they will enjoy talking. This means
that you need to show the respondent you are friendly and understanding.
• Make a good first impression - Do your best to make the respondent feel at ease. With a few
well-chosen words, you can put the respondent in the right frame of mind for the interview. Open
the interview with a smile and greeting such as “good afternoon, sir/ma” and then proceed with
your introduction. In addition, your choice of clothes will influence the respondent’s perception
of you, e.g., wearing cooperate suit to the community will get weird stares from the community
members especially if your assignment requires that you visit IDP Camps or wards to interview a
person living with disability. However, a more formal attire would be suitable if you are assigned

18
 to MSME’s at their offices or place of business. Remember, the respondent’s first impression of
you will influence their willingness to cooperate during the survey.

4.4 Probing
Probing is a technique of questioning employed by the Data Collector to obtain a complete and relevant
answer. An answer is probed whenever it is not meaningful or complete or when the answer seems to
be contradicting what the respondent has previously said, which could be a pointer that the respondent
had misunderstood the question. Probing must be done without introducing bias or antagonizing the
respondent. Respondents must never have the feeling that the Data Collector is probing because their
answer is incorrect or unacceptable.
Understanding the intention of the questions- When you understand what the intention of each question
is, you will know in what way a particular answer falls short of being satisfactory. Then you will be able to
devise a probe in such a way that you are able to meet that gap. This will require ingenuity, tact, and
persistence.
Neutral probing methods - It is always very important to use neutral probes. By `neutral', we mean that
you must not imply to the respondent that you expect a particular answer or that you are dissatisfied
with an answer. Never give the impression that you approve or disapprove of what the respondent says,
or that their answer is right or wrong. Instead, if you want more information, ask “anything else?”, or
“could you tell me more about…? This is mostly applicable when you are clarifying verbatim responses.
The reason for probing is to motivate the respondent to answer fully or precisely without introducing
bias. Bias distorts responses, which is caused by the Data Collector favoring one answer over another.
Example of a biased probe – Question asks; “What was your average monthly income in 2022 from your
primary employment in Naira?” The respondent might answer “2 to 3 million naira”. It would be a biased
probing if the Data Collector says, “did you mean 3million naira?”. This improper probing is pushing the
respondent to 3 million naira.
Example of a proper probe – In the above example a better way to probe would be to inquire “What
would be a more precise amount, 2million naira or 3 million naira?
Sometimes respondents have difficulty to put their thoughts together or might provide an incomplete
answer or might be reluctant to reveal their facts. You must deal with such factors with care and take
measures that encourage and clarify responses.
When to stop probing- You should stop probing when you have a relevant and clear answer, and also
when the respondent becomes irritated or annoyed by the probing. We don’t want the respondent to
refuse to complete the rest of the interview.
Note: If the respondent replies "I don’t know", you should repeat the question. If the respondent replies
"I still don’t know", probe once more (e.g., "could you give me your best guess/estimate?”) before
recording (‘I don't know').

4.5 Controlling the Interview

While it is important to maintain a pleasant and courteous manner in order to obtain the respondent's
cooperation, you must also be able to control the interview so that it is completed in a timely and orderly
fashion. For example, when answering questions, the respondent may offer a lengthy explanation of

19
problems or complaints. In this situation, you must be able to bring the discussion to a close as soon as
possible so that the interview may continue. Politely, tell the respondent that you understand what he is
saying but that you would like to complete the interview. If necessary, you may try to postpone any outside
discussion by saying ‘Thank you for that contribution. Please, let's conclude this interview, then we can
continue that discussion later’. A masterful Data Collector controls the interview by:

• Subtly encouraging and motivating the respondent throughout the interview process.
• Avoiding leading questions and actions that might bias the respondent.
These require a thoughtful approach, including feedback techniques that move the interview forward.
Feedback is needed when the respondent:
o Needs to focus and turn attention to the question asked
o Is digressing from the topic
o Is making inappropriate or personal enquiries, or
o Is performing well: listens attentively and answers appropriately
Some useful feedback techniques include:

• Pause briefly after feedback

• Give non-verbal feedback, such as a smile or a nod
• Occasionally note down something the respondent says. This will motivate the respondent
because he/she will feel that what he/she is saying is important.
Some suggested phrases for a variety of respondent responses are provided in the table below:
Table 6: Illustration – Feedback Techniques During Interviews

If the respondent… Suggested phrases or response

For the purpose of this interview, we are really

Makes inappropriate enquiries, asks for advice
interested in learning about your experiences. Please
or information, or wants to know about the
let’s discuss about that later, after we’ve concluded this
interviewer's personal experiences.
interview.

Thank you for your contribution, sir/ma. Please let’s

Digresses from the questions by giving lengthy continue with the interview, as I still have some
responses or unnecessary information. questions to ask you. If you like, we can continue this
discussion after we’ve concluded the interview.

Thank you very much for that explanation. However,

Provides information about an aspect of the
we have questions relating to [topic X] in a different
questionnaire [topic X] that is covered in a later
section. So please, let’s finish the questions in this
section.
section before moving on to the questions on [topic X].

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4.6 Ending the Interview
At the end of the questionnaire, you must thank the respondent for their time and cooperation with the
survey. Also, it should show in your expression that you truly appreciate their cooperation and input.

5.0 QUESTIONNAIRE AND KEY INDICATORS

5.1 Questionnaire Overview

Four questionnaires have been scripted for this survey:

1. Enterprises Questionnaire
2. Employees of Enterprises and Participant Questionnaire
3. IDP & YLWD Sampling Questionnaire
4. IDP & YLWD Questionnaire

The table below shows broadly the sections for the Enterprises , Employees of Enterprises/Participant and
IDP/ YLWD Scripts and related teams across the questionnaires.

Table 7: Questionnaires and Broad Sections

Enterprises Employees of Enterprises and Participant IDP & YLWD

Consent Form Consent Form Consent Form

Background Information Background Information Individual Survey
Foundation Support To Enterprise Employment History Mindset
Enterprise Growth Dignified And Fulfilling Work Wage Employment Level
Exposure To Shocks Agency And Voice Self-Employment Level
Employee Listing Quality Of Life Enterprise Growth
Exposure To Shocks Dignified And Fulfilling Work
Resilience Agency And Voice
Household Listing Quality Of Life
Socio Economic Status Socio Economic Status - Equity Tool
Resilience

5.2 Questionnaire Transitions During Data Collection

As indicated in Section 1.4: Sampling and Sample Distribution, sampling of respondents would be
undertaken for the Employees of Enterprise target as well as the IDP youths and YLWD targets

Employees of Enterprises: While interviewing the Enterprise owners and managers you would at some
point ask that they provide you with the details of all employees currently working at the organization
that are 18 years and above e.g., name, age, gender, year of employment, highest level of education
attained, etc. The Enterprise script is built with a random sampling functionality would sample two youth
employees i.e.,1 male (18 – 35) years and 1 female employee (18 – 35) years. The script would also
automatically generate and “Enterprise ID” for you. Record these details “Enterprise Employee Sample
Form”

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Table 8: Script-Level Respondent Sampling and Uses

Sampled
Scripts Use Transition Data (output) Input to Script
Respondent
Enterprises Interviews with FS enterprises 1. ID and name of the Youths: Employees of
owners/managers. Listing 18+ enterprise 1 male and 1 Enterprises and
and sampling of employees 2. Name, age, and gender of female Participant
sampled youth Age: 18 - 35
years
Employees of Interviews with FS employees of NA NA NA
Enterprises and enterprises and participants
Participant
IDP & YLWD Listing and sampling of IDP HH 1. Household ID NA IDP & YLWD
Sampling youths and Sampling of YLWD. 2. Name, age, and gender of
The youths would be between sampled youth. Disability
15 - 35 years of age type (YLWD Only)

IDP & YLWD Interviews with sampled youths NA Youths: NA

from selected IDP HHs and 1 male and 1
Sampled YLWD. The youths female
would be between 15 - 35 years Age: 15 - 35
of age years

Figure 1: From Enterprise script to Employees & Participants Script

NB: Always ensure to write down the Name of the Enterprise, Unique Identification Number of
Enterprise, Name, Age and Gender of the selected employees in your “ OBS Enterprises - Sampled Employee
Register” before synchronizing the interview conducted with the enterprise. Then transfer the details to

22
the respective questions in the Employees of Enterprise and Participant script; and proceed to conduct
the main interview with one respondent at a time.
Table 9: OBS Enterprises - Sampled Employee Register

OBS Enterprises - Sampled Employee Register

State Abuja Interviewer Name:
SN Date
Enterprise name ID Employee Name Gender Age
01 24/11/2023 Ajani Bags 22605 Yemi Female 25
02 24/11/2023 Ajani Bags 22605 Bami Male 20

Youths from IDP HHs and YLWD: The transfer of the details of sampled respondents from the
IDP&YLWD Sampling script to the IDP&YLWD Script is similar to the approach for the enterprise scripts
except for YLWD, there would be no listing as an already compiled list would be loaded into the sampling
script for a random selection of YLWD. However, the youths (15 – 35) years from IDP household would
be sampled up completion of the listing of ALL household members by age and gender from the oldest to
the youngest in the scripted Kish Grid for each household. Details of sampled respondent must be entered
to the IDP & YLWD script.

Figure 2: From IDP & YLWD Sampling Script to IDP & YLWD Script

NB: For IDP of YLWD always ensure to write down the Household ID, Name, Age, Gender and disability
type (YLWD Only) of the selected youths in your “OBS IDP & YLWD - Sampled Respondent Register” before
synchronizing your interview. Then transfer the details to the respective questions in the IDP of YLWD
script; and proceed to conduct the main interview with one respondent at a time.

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 Table 10: OBS IDP & YLWD - Sampled Respondent Register

OBS IDP&YLWD - Sampled Respondent Register

Resp. State Abuja Interviewer Name: (YLWD Only)
SN Date
Type
LGA/Ward HH_ID Respondent Name Gender Age Disability Type
01 24/11/2023 IDP AMAC/Wuse 12345 Nkem Female 18 NA
02 24/11/2023 IDP AMAC/Wuse 12345 Obi Male 15 NA
03 24/11/2023 YLWD Lugbe/FHA 12246 Hassan Male 25 Mobility limitation/disability
04 24/11/2023 YLWD Lugbe/FHA 12246 Mairo Female 21 Mobility limitation/disability

Contact (Visit) Outcome & GPS: The visit outcome codes have been provided in all of the scripts to
document the outcomes of visit electronically. Kindly comply with this directive. Like all other PII requiring
consent, we need consent to capture GPS. Ensure to request for this. Note that only GPS ranges that are
between 0 – 10 meters are acceptable on this survey.

Figure 3: Contact (visit) Outcome and GPS.

6.0 SECURITY AND SAFETY

6.1 IPSOS Nigeria Field Level Security Protocol
The protocol below describes the general security, safety tips and procedures that staff will adhere to
prevent incidents, respond safely and carefully should problems arise and follow prescribed steps when
security challenges or volatility arise in the field:

• Liaise frequently with community mobilizers to determine if there are threatening situations; and
to understand and assess the level of danger

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 • Avoid mass gatherings and demonstrations. Turn back if you happen to encounter a mass gathering
or demonstration
• Do not attract unnecessary attention to yourself by carrying large amounts of money, jewelry, or
other expensive electronic gadgets.
• Make sure that your telephone is fully charged and with enough airtime to communicate when
and where necessary.
• If you are confronted by criminals and unable to escape, do not resist, hand over money,
electronics, and other valuables. Know that your life is more important than anything else.
• Avoid security-compromised roads
• Avoid traveling late evening / night
• Be alert to any signs of surveillance by bandits
• Do not stop moving, kidnappings usually occur when you stand still
• In case of a robbery, fully cooperate with the aggressor, remain calm and hand out the funds to
avoid personal harm.
• Do NOT argue or protest.
• Do NOT attack the robbers or try to flee.
• Once the robber has left and you are safe, immediately call your field coordinator to report the
incident.
• In case you are hurt, go to the closest medical facility
• Report to the nearest police station when the situation calls for it.
• Be extra cautious during rainy season (avoid floods, etc.)
Guidance for Supervisors/Data Collectors before going for Data Collection

• Call a day before, and the morning of the interview before visiting the community to confirm the
security situation
• If the level of danger is unclear, inform your Supervisor and do not visit until clearance is gotten
• Continue to get updates from the area so the sampled ward/IDP camp can be visited as soon as
the situation is confirmed clear during the survey period.
Guidance for Supervisors/Data Collectors while on the Field

• Be vigilant and keep your ears to the ground

• If you suspect that you are in danger, stop the interview and take immediate measures to vacate
the area
• In insecure areas, regularly reach other team members that may be around same vicinity.
Communication and tracking movements for your team will help keep everyone safe and secure.
• Always have a plan and know how to move from one place to another without unnecessary risks.
If sampled Wards/arears are security challenged or volatile, Data Collectors should:

• Contact their Supervisor to get frequent security updates

• Critically assess the situation.
• For how long has this persisted?
• Is it safe for outsiders or non-staff to visit? etc.
• Record your concern in writing (email)
• Always inform your Supervisor with all important details

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Ipsos field level security protocol requires that the data collection team receive intel of all wards/areas
selected for data collection just before commencing fieldwork. Places flagged as having potential security
threats would be suspended until normalcy returns to those areas and security clearance is received
through local security agencies.

6.2 Ipsos Duty of Care to Data Collectors

Ipsos obligation to it data collectors involve catering for health-related risk, that may after its data
collection team while they are in its employ and active on a project. Data collection are to report accident
and injuries that may occur during the execution of fieldwork either while travelling to and from survey
sites or while in host communities’ collection data. These reports must be sent formally to the regional
managers and HQ in Lagos for prompt action

7.0 ANNEXURE
7.1 Project Timelines
The timelines indicate for data collection in the schedule below MUST be respected by all data collection
teams. The stop dates in December 2023 and January 2024 respectively are a hard stop*. Any data
collected after these dates would be considered invalid except if there is an authorized extension from
the programme sponsor.
Table 11: Workplan

Project Preparations Start Date Stop Dates

Sampling and buy-in engagements with ward/camp administration 15-Nov-23 29-Nov-23
Training of trainers 29-Nov-23 30-Nov-23
Finalization and signoff of survey tools 01-Dec-23 04-Dec-23
Regional training of data collectors 04-Dec-23 08-Dec-23
Booking of appointments - Enterprise respondents (December 2023) 04-Dec-23 13-Dec-23
Booking of appointments - Enterprise respondents (January 2024) 03-Jan-24 03-Jan-24
Debrief of data collection teams 04-Jan-24 15-Jan-24
Data Collection Start Date Stop Dates
Data collection (December 2023) 09-Dec-23 *14-Dec-23
Data collection (January 2024) 05-Jan-24 *16-Jan-24

7.2 Regional Training Itinerary

The following schedule should be followed through by Trainers when conducting the regional trainings.

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Table 12: Regional Training Itinerary

Outcomes Baseline Survey – Regional Training Itinerary.

[This schedule for teams that would be administering the enterprises, employees of enterprises/participant surveys]

Trainers/
Timing
Activities Facilitator
DAY ONE - December 4, 2023
08:30 - 09:00am Registration of participants
Introduction of participants and selection of rapporteurs
09:00 - 09:30am
Review of the training curriculum and setting of training objectives
09:30 - 10:30am Overview of survey components and objectives
10:30 - Trained Supervisor
11:00am Tea Break Or
Scope, sampling, sample distribution and survey methodology – Quality Assurance
11:00 - 12:30am
[FS enterprises, employees of enterprises/participant] Officer
12:30 -
01:30pm Lunch Break
01:30 - 03:30pm Research ethics and best practices for data collection
03:30 - 04:30pm Enterprise script review in English – classroom approach
04:00 - 05:00pm Team assessments on training knowledge (electronic) and closing remark
DAY TWO - December 5, 2023
08:30 - 09:00am Registration of participants
09:00 – 09:30am Recap of day one learnings by rapporteurs and appointment of new rapporteurs.
09:30 - 10:30am Enterprise script review in local language – classroom approach
10:30 -
11:00am Tea Break
11:00 – 12:00pm Enterprise script review in local language – classroom approach (contid) Trained Supervisor
Deliberation and delineation of grey areas (if any) from review of enterprise and Or
12:00 – 12:30pm Quality Assurance
script
12:30 - Officer
01:30pm Lunch Break
Employees of enterprise and participant script review in English – classroom
01:30 - 03:30pm
approach
Employees of enterprise and participant script review in local language –
03:30 – 05:00pm
classroom approach
05:00 – 05:30pm Recap of day two training by rapporteurs and closing
DAY THREE - December 6, 2023
08:30 - 09:00am Registration of participants
09:00 – 09:30am Recap of day two learnings by rapporteurs
Trained Supervisor
Deliberation and delineation of grey areas (if any) from review of employee of
09:30 - 10:30am Or
enterprise and participants scripts
Quality Assurance
10:30 -
Officer
11:00am Tea Break
Employees of enterprise and participant script review in local language –
11:00 – 12:00pm
classroom approach (contid)

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12:00 – 12:30pm Mock sessions in English – enterprise script
12:30 -
01:30pm Lunch Break
01:30 - 03:00pm Mock sessions in English – employees of enterprise and participants script
Mock sessions in local languages (enterprise, employees of enterprise and
03:00 – 04:30pm
participants script)
04:30 – 05:00pm Recap of day two training by rapporteurs
05:30 – 05:30pm Logistics for pilot and closing
DAY FOUR - December 7, 2023*
08:00 – 09:00am Convergence at meeting agreed meeting point
Pilot data collection with enterprises identified for pilots.
Activities The entire survey
09:00 – 04:00pm 1. Interview of enterprise manager/owner (18years and above) team
2. Sampling of Employee and Interview (18 – 35 yrs.)
3. Interviews with FS programme participants (15 – 35 years)
DAY FIVE - December 8, 2023
08:09 - 9:00am Registration of participants
General feedback from team based on pilot experiences and application of
09:00 - 10:30am
methodology and observations.
10:30 – 11:00am Tea Break
11:00 - 12:30pm Documentation of script level feedback – administration of enterprise scripts Trained Supervisor
12:30 - 01:30pm Or
Lunch Break
Quality Assurance
Documentation of script level feedback – administration of enterprise employees
01:30 - 02:30pm Officer
and participants scripts
02:30 – 03:30pm Planning for data collection and allocation of assignments to teams
03:00 – 04:00pm Reminders on takeaways from closing remarks
Trainer: Documentation and delivery of high-level training report to regional field
04:00 - 05:00pm
management and PMO

[This schedule for teams that would be administering the IDP&YLWD surveys]

Trainers/
Timing
Activities Facilitator
DAY ONE - December 4, 2023
08:30 - 09:00am Registration of participants
Introduction of participants and selection of rapporteurs
09:00 - 09:30am
Review of the training curriculum and setting of training objectives
09:30 - 10:30am Overview of survey components and objectives
10:30 - Trained Supervisor
11:00am Tea Break Or
11:00 - 12:30am Scope, sampling, sample distribution and survey methodology – [IDP&YLWD] Quality Assurance
12:30 - Officer
01:30pm Lunch Break
01:30 - 03:30pm Research ethics and best practices for data collection
03:30 - 05:00pm CAPI review, deliberations, and feedback : IDP & YLWD
05:00 - 05:30pm Team assessments on training knowledge (electronic) and closing remark
DAY TWO - December 5, 2023
08:30 - 09:00am Registration of participants Trained Supervisor

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 09:00 – 09:30am Or
Recap of day one learnings by rapporteurs and appointment of new rapporteurs.
Quality Assurance
09:30 - 10:30am IDP & YLWD script review in local language – classroom approach Officer
10:30 -
11:00am Tea Break
11:00 – 12:00pm IDP & YLWD script review in local language – classroom approach (contid)
Deliberation and delineation of grey areas (if any) from review of IDP & YLWD
12:00 – 12:30pm
scripts
12:30 -
01:30pm Lunch Break
01:30 - 03:00pm Mock sessions in English
03:30 – 04:30pm Mock sessions in local language
04:30 – 05:00pm Recap of day two training by rapporteurs and closing
05:00 – 05:30pm Logistics for pilot and closing
DAY THREE - December 6, 2023*
08:00 – 09:00am Convergence at meeting agreed meeting point
Pilot data collection at identified IDP camps & PLWD wards. The entire survey
Activities team
09:00 – 04:00pm
1. Sampling and interviews with YLWD (15 – 35 yrs.)
2. Listing, sampling, and interview with youths (15 – 35yrs) living in IDP camps
DAY FOUR - December 7, 2023
08:09 - 9:00am Registration of participants
General feedback from team based on pilot experiences and application of
09:00 - 10:30am
methodology and observations.
10:30 – 11:00am Tea Break
Trained Supervisor
11:00 - 12:30pm Documentation of script level feedback – administration of IDP & YLWD script Or
12:30 - 01:30pm Quality Assurance
Lunch Break
Officer
01:30 – 02:30pm Planning for data collection and allocation of assignments to teams
02:00 – 03:00pm Reminders on takeaways from closing remarks
Trainer: Documentation and delivery of high-level training report to regional field
03:00 - 04:00pm
management and PMO

7.3 Glossary of Terms

Zonal Coordinators will communicate all transportation and logistics details to the Supervisors and Data
Collectors for the data collection period.
Table 13: Glossary
S/N Keyword Definition

1 Mindsets Mindsets refer to deeply held beliefs that affect how people behave

Shocks can be slow-onset like drought, or relatively rapid onset like flooding, disease outbreak, or market
3 Shocks fluctuations. Stresses are “long-term trends or pressures that undermine the stability of a system and increase
vulnerability within it.
Resilience is defined as the capacity of individuals, communities, institutions, and systems to survive, cope, and
3 Resilience
thrive in the face of shocks and stresses

END OF DOCUMENT

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