Berlitz English 6 (Complete) SG

English
NEW
6
COMPLETE
NOW WITH ONLINE PRACTICE
ISBN 978-1-64210-237-6
B1.2
9 781642 102376
English
6
COMPLETE
Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Princeton, NJ
USA
Writer: Denise Kruelle
We would like to thank the many Berlitz instructors and staff who have
contributed to the creation of this course.
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ISBN: 978-1-64210-237-6
First Digital Edition —January 2020
For use exclusively in connection with Berlitz language instruction.
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WELCOMES YOU TO
English 6 Complete
Berlitz English is the fastest, the most practical, and the most enjoyable way to learn English.
To get the most of your English program, you should …
• attend all your scheduled classes
• do all online and customized practice assignments
• review each unit after class
• preview each unit before class
• practice speaking English anytime you can
• visit English websites to learn more about unit topics
• read English magazines, books, and newspapers
• watch videos, movies, and TV programs in English
• try to speak and learn more English every day!
If there is anything we can do to make your learning more successful and enjoyable, please let us know. We’ll
do everything we can to help you reach your goals.
We wish you great success with your English studies!
The Berlitz Team
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. v

For Students...
Student Guide Features
A lesson-specific speaking goal begins the lesson with a clear, achievable learning objective.
Each unit of instruction starts with a summary of key vocabulary and expressions and
additional language that will be necessary to master the unit’s speaking goal in a clear,
concise manner.
Each activity in the unit is clearly labeled with the skill or language point being targeted,
setting the perfect tone and encouraging focus for immediate success.
Listening activities offer opportunities to listen and respond to language in real-life contexts.
Audio scripts for each listening activity are included.
Interactive activities can be completed directly in HTML versions, and all answers are
recorded online for easy access on the go.
vi ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Additional Features and
Components
The Student Materials Portal provides access to online and downloadable Student Guides,
and enables the student to monitor and track progress throughout the course.
Online Practice, also available via the Student Materials Portal, provides interactive review
and exercises that can be accessed on mobile devices or online in order to practice any time,
any place.
Review Units present an opportunity to review and practice skills in class, including speaking,
listening, reading, and writing.
Embedded and downloadable audio files provide in-class and on-the-go listening practice,
depending on the type of package selected.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. vii

CONTENTS
SPEAKING GOAL PAGE TOPICS GRAMMAR
Describe yourself 1 Personal descriptions pretty, fairly, quite, and rather +

1
adjective / adverb. For example: He’s a
fairly good-looking man. Lisa’s rather
assertive, isn’t she?
Pronunciation: Change in meaning when
stressing pretty, fairly, quite, rather vs.
stressing the adjective
Words with the root -vert (extension
activity)
Politely describe 6 Personal qualities and Softening language with not the -est, not
2
negative attributes attributes as … as, more, not very, not too. For
example: The sales clerk was not as
helpful as she could have been.
Similes to describe personal attributes.
For example: stubborn as a mule
(extension activity)
Brainstorm and 11 Learning; Studies Reacting to and commenting on ideas.

3
discuss ways to learn For example: What I like about your idea
is that it is creative.
Conduct a survey 16 Interviews; Surveys Question forms (review)

4
about language Direct vs. indirect / formal questions.
For example: Can I ask you a few
learning
questions about languages? I wonder if I
could ask you a few questions about
languages.
Talk about major 19 Major life events Past perfect and past perfect
5
events and how they progressive. For example: By the time
we arrived, the party had already started.
are celebrated
They had been dating for three years
when they got married.
Euphemisms for pregnancy, marriage,
and death (extension activity)
Describe a major 24 Turning points; Past conditional. For example: If I he

6
turning point in your Compare (wedding) hadn’t gone to France, he wouldn’t have
customs gotten a job with a French firm.
life
viii ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Sayings related to the future and change

(extension activity): A bird in the hand is
worth two in the bush. Don’t burn (your)
bridges. Don’t count your chickens
before they’re hatched.
Suggest ways of 29 Job search Degrees of likelihood: definitely, bound

7
looking for a job to, certain to, sure to, likely, unlikely,
certainly won’t, can’t possibly
to suggest / to recommend +
subjunctive. For example: I suggested
(that) he ask one of his contacts for a
referral.
Other verbs followed by subjunctive: to
prefer, to propose, to request, to require
Compare attitudes 34 Volunteer work Present and past participles as

8
toward volunteering adjectives (-ed vs. -ing) to describe
feelings, emotions, attitudes. For
example: I find volunteer work very
rewarding. I am inspired by the people I
work with.
Make and respond to 39 Announcements Expressions for offering congratulations,

9
announcements sympathy, and condolences. For
example: You deserve it!
online
10 Review 43
Describe an injury or 56 Symptoms Verbs of perception: to sound (like), to

11
illness look (like), to seem (like), to feel (like)
Relay medical 60 Medical advice Reported commands and instructions.

12
information For example: The doctor urged him to
find time to relax.
Describe problems 65 Technical problems Separable vs. inseparable phrasal verbs.

13
with calls and with online calls For example: Can you turn your mic up?
Only four people turned up for our
suggest solutions
webinar.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. ix

Interrupt to ask a 70 Repetition and Asking for clarification: Indirect / polite

14
question or ask for clarification questions and echo questions. For
example: Would you give me an
clarification
example? I’m sorry, the meeting will be
where?
to ask a question vs. to have a question
Expressions for interrupting
Pronunciation: Linking sounds between
words (extension activity)
Discuss household 76 Household: Gender Causative (active form): to have

15
chores and roles at home someone do something; to get someone
to do something. For example: We have
maintenance
our lawn mowed by our children. / I’ll
get the neighbors to water the plants
while we’re gone.
to do vs. to make
Call a repair service 82 Repairs; Service calls Causative (passive form): to have
16
or landlord about a something done; to get something done.
For example: We have to have the leak
repair
checked. We had to get the faucet
replaced.
Respond to questions 86 Travel authorities Typical and less common questions

17
from travel from travel authorities. For example:
What is your occupation?
authorities
Describe a travel 90 Travel experience Passive with modals, past form. For
18
experience example: An upgrade should have been
given to us. We should have been given
an upgrade.
Draft a complaint or 95 Complaints; criticism Inverted word order for emphasis. For
19
compliment email to example: The thing that impressed us
the most was the service of the staff. It
a company
was the service of the staff that
impressed us the most.
20 Review 99
x ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Say what kind of 111 Books and films Expressing likes, dislikes, preferences.
21
books and films you For example: I don’t mind it. (= It’s OK.),
There’s nothing I like more than …, I
prefer
can’t stand ….
Names of professions. For example:
novelist, poet, biographer. (extension
activity)
Summarize the plot 116 Plots in the end vs. at the end (of)
22
of a book or film Using present tenses to tell stories
React to rumors and 120 Feelings; Gossip Using reflexive pronouns vs. each other.
23
innuendo For example: We don’t blame each other.
We blame ourselves.
Reacting to gossip and rumors; checking
implied information
Reflexive pronoun vs. object pronoun.
For example: Paul blames himself. Paul
blames us. (extension activity)
Apologize to a friend 125 Apologies; Excuses; Apologizing and responding to

24
Offenses apologies. For example: I owe you an
apology. No hard feelings.
Tell a weather-related 129 Weather incidents such vs. so. For example: I’ve never seen
25
story such bad weather. The snow was so
heavy it caused huge trees to fall.
Weather-related idioms and
expressions: a breeze; rain or shine;
snowed under; a stormy relationship;
under the weather (extension activity)
Discuss the possible 134 Climate change Describing change with -er and -er. For
26
impact of climate example: better and better, hotter and
hotter, more and more, less and less,
change
fewer and fewer
Adjectives followed by the subjunctive.
For example: It is essential (that) we cut
our use of fossil fuels.
Explain how 139 Processes Steps in a process. For example: Once

27
something is made or you’ve (done that) …, to finish off, And
that’s it., etc.
done
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. xi

Passive to describe a process. For

example: The potatoes are peeled.
Plan a competition 144 Environment The prefix re-. For example: to

28
for an upcycling or reconsider, to redo, to repurpose, to
rework, to reappear, etc.
recycling campaign
Create a description 149 Social media and Passive voice, future forms. For
29
of an event for events example: The parade is going to be held
from nine until noon. The State Fair will
posting online
be opened by the governor.
Expressions with time (extension
activity)
30 Review 154
Report problems with 166 Orders; Tracking Time expressions in reported speech.
31
orders services For example: The customer told the rep
she had ordered the plates the previous
week. The rep told the customer he they
would deliver them the following week.
Using by vs. until (extension activity)
Ask about and 172 Post office Present participles as subjects. For
32
explain customs or example: Having to pay such a high
handling fee was annoying.
other fees on
packages
Describe changes in 178 The economy Adverbs and adjectives to describe
33
your country's degrees of change. For example:
Inflation has increased slightly. There
economy
has been a slight increase in prices.
Prepositions used to describe change.
For example: They cut the price to $15.
The interest rate dropped by 10%. There
was an increase of 50%.
Rank and discuss 182 Local issues Expressions for giving opinions. For
34
current local issues example: If you ask me, … Personally, …
As far as I’m concerned, …To be honest,
… It doesn’t matter to me. It makes no
difference to me.
xii ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Compare modes of 186 Travel and Modifying comparisons with as … as:

35
transportation and transportation (not) nearly as … as / twice as … as / just
as … as / almost as … as / at least as …
explain your
as. For example: Riding the bus is not
preference nearly as expensive as taking a taxi.
Talk about what 190 Pet peeves Present progressive to express

36
frustrates or annoys annoyance, frustration. For example:
She is constantly telling me what to do.
you
Expressions to describe frustration or
annoyance (extension activity)
Share stories about 195 Role models; National Using however, despite, in spite of,
37
people who overcame heroes despite the fact that, in spite of the fact
that. For example: He failed many times;
challenges
he did not give up, however. Despite
failing many times, he did not give up.
Discuss ambitions 199 Ambitions Phrases used when describing

38
and aspirations with ambitions. For example: one day,
someday, some day, sooner or later,
a friend or counselor
eventually, for now, for the time being
Ask for and offer 203 Emails Language for politely pointing out errors
39
assistance with Expressions for asking for and offering
assistance with emails
emails
Homonyms. For example: there, their,
and they’re. (extension activity)
40 Review 209
Complete Audio A-1

Scripts
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. xiii

UNIT 1
In this lesson you will ...
Describe yourself
Vocabulary & Expressions Language Focus
poorly introverted pretty, fairly, quite, and rather + adjective /

good-looking introvert adverb. For example: He’s a fairly good-looking
plain social gathering man. Lisa’s rather assertive, isn’t she?
reserved to keep to oneself Pronunciation: Change in meaning when
stressing pretty, fairly, quite, rather vs. stressing
assertive the center of attention the adjective
talkative butterfly Words with the root -vert (extension activity)
fun-loving bird
optimistic owl
pessimistic wallflower
(personality) trait social butterfly
extroverted early bird
extrovert night owl
WARM-UP
How would you describe these people?
• • • •
• • • •
• • • •
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe yourself • Unit 1 | 1

GRAMMAR
Brad is fairly tall and rather good-looking!
pretty tall. pretty fast.

Jane is fairly short. Joe speaks fairly slowly.
quite good-looking. quite well.
rather plain. rather poorly.
Changing the stress changes the meaning

Rachel is 5’7” (170 cm) tall. She’s pretty tall. (She’s taller than average.)
Gizella is 5’11” (180 cm). She’s pretty tall. (She’s between tall and very tall.)
Where does the stress go?

1. Raul speaks English fairly well. (But it could be better.)
2. Your hair is rather long, isn’t it? (Maybe it’s time for a haircut?)
3. Jasmina has always been quite quiet. (She never says much.)
4. The test was pretty hard. (But it wasn’t too hard.)
VOCABULARY & EXPRESSIONS
I’m not shy, just reserved

shy outgoing
reserved talkative
pessimistic optimistic
serious fun-loving
quiet assertive
2 | Describe yourself • Unit 1 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Culture Corner
Wallflower, social butterfly, early bird, or night owl?
1. Wallflowers a. are people who tend to dislike mornings and

who do their best work quite late in the
evening.
2. Social butterflies b. are people who tend to get up rather early and
who do their best work in the morning.
3. Early birds c. are extroverted people who enjoy meeting

other people and attending many different
events.
4. Night owls d. are introverted people who will go to parties

and social gatherings, but will usually keep to
themselves and try to avoid being the center of
attention.
What kind of person are you? Do you have similar expressions in your language?
My notes

PERFORMANCE
Choose a situation.
1. You need to create a short description of yourself for

your profile on a new social media site.
2. You are in a first interview and you’ve been asked, “How

would you describe yourself?”
3. You are talking to a friend of yours. You want to

introduce this friend to another good friend of yours.
Your friend would like to know more about the other
person.
4. You have started seeing someone new. Describe the person to your parents or a friend.
My notes
4 | Describe yourself • Unit 1 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Word Power
Words with -vert
The Latin root word -vert means “to turn.” We saw two words with this root:
introverted = turned inward
extroverted = turned outward
Here are some more words with the root -vert. Can you figure out what they mean?
1. Because of the accident, traffic was diverted to another road.
2. When our son left home, we converted his bedroom into an office.
3. When he came back to live with us, it was reverted to a bedroom.
4. My e-reader’s night mode inverts text from black-on-white to white-on-black.
a. to turn into something else c. to turn another way

b. to turn back into, to turn back to d. to turn in the opposite direction
Can you think of any other words with -vert in them?
ONLINE PRACTICE
Unit Photo Credits (listed from beginning-to-end, left-to-right English 6 Complete

within this unit): iStockphoto, Getty Images, Age Fotostock, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Getty Images, Berlitz, iStockphoto

UNIT 2
Politely describe negative attributes

positive / negative neat Softening language with not the -est, not as …
attribute dependable as, more, not very, not too. For example: The
typo trustworthy sales clerk was not as helpful as she could
to leave (stuff) lying have been.
short-tempered
around Similes to describe personal attributes. For
inconsiderate example: stubborn as a mule (extension
bossy considerate activity)
to nag selfish
constantly generous
tyrant wise (extension activity)
to make up (one’s) mind
sly (extension activity)
stubborn
fox (extension activity)
difficult (person)
bee (extension activity)
to leave a lot to be
mouse (extension
desired
activity)
to wonder
snail (extension activity)
irresponsible
mule (extension activity)
boy (interjection)
ox (extension activity)
WARM-UP
– So, how's the new temp?

– Not great.
– Oh, how come?
– Well, I needed some documents typed up fast—which she
did fine. But they were full of careless typos. And then
she cut off a couple of clients when transferring their
calls. I had to call them back and apologize.
– Don’t you think you’re being a little impatient? After all, it
is her first day. Let’s see how it goes tomorrow.
– Maybe you’re right. But if things don't improve, we’ll need
to call the temp agency and get a replacement.
6 | Politely describe negative attributes • Unit 2 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

LISTENING 1 • 2 • 3
Difficult people
Eric Nancy Ian
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Politely describe negative attributes • Unit 2 | 7

What’s the opposite?

1. dishonest a. dependable
2. inconsiderate b. flexible
3. messy c. generous
4. selfish d. neat
5. short-tempered e. patient
6. stubborn f. polite
7. unreliable g. trustworthy
GRAMMAR
They’re not the most helpful people I’ve met
Frank’s pretty stubborn. → He’s not the most flexible person in the world.
Helga’s disorganized. → She’s not as organized as she could be.
I’m think I’m too shy. → I think I should be more outgoing.
Sandy is short-tempered. → She’s not very patient.
They were unhelpful. → They were not too helpful.
1. —Don’t you think Sarah’s a bit selfish?

– I think she .
2. —Uli has to be the messiest person I’ve ever met!

– I agree—he .
3. —Am I a difficult person to work with?

– Well, let’s just say you .

PERFORMANCE
You are part of a team that is working on a very important

project for the company. There are a lot of deadlines, and
each person on the team is responsible for a few things.
One of your coworkers is constantly late handing work in,
and this has affected your work and your deadlines as a
result. You’ve spoken to this coworker, but the
situation has not improved. He / She is usually late to
meetings as well. You are going to tell your manager about
this coworker but in a polite way.
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Politely describe negative attributes • Unit 2 | 9

Word Power
Similes to describe personal attributes

Similes are expressions that use like or as to compare one thing to another. There are
many similes in English that describe personal attributes with animals. Can you
match the attributes with the animals to recreate the similes?
1. stubborn as a. a bee
2. wise as b. a fox
3. strong as c. a mouse
4. sly as d. a mule
5. busy as e. an owl
6. quiet as f. an ox
7. slow as g. a snail
Are there similar expressions in your language?
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Getty Images, Age ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Fotostock, Age Fotostock, iStockphoto

UNIT 3
Brainstorm and discuss ways to

learn
live (adj.) to lose track Reacting to and commenting on ideas. For

hands-on podcast example: What I like about your idea is that
quiz whenever it is creative.
learning style wherever
visual diagram
aural slide(show)
physical senses
verbal to combine
solitary to group
effective dumb
component constructive
WARM-UP
– How’s your cooking class going?

– Great! I love it. Yesterday we had one of our live, hands-on
lessons.
– They’re not all live?
– No. We study online with texts, videos, quizzes. Then we
get together every two weeks to practice what we’ve
learned.
– And if you have a question?
– We just post any questions we have. The instructor is
really good about answering them.
– So, you don’t have to sit in a classroom all the time?
– Not at all—and that’s just perfect for me.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Brainstorm and discuss ways to learn • Unit 3 | 11
LISTENING 4
What learning styles do you prefer?
visual aural physical verbal
logical social solitary
According to the speaker …

1. Visual learners .
2. Aural learners .
3. Physical learners .
4. Verbal learners .
5. Logical learners .
6. The best way to learn is .
My notes
12 | Brainstorm and discuss ways to learn • Unit 3 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Brainstorming: Ways to learn English
Formal Learning Informal Learning

Where? How? Where? How?
LANGUAGE FOCUS
What’s wrong with these comments?
I tried that before. It wasn’t effective. It won’t work for me.
That’s a dumb idea.
I can’t do that. It isn’t practical. I’m not ready for that.
My notes
Making constructive comments
1. Say what you like. What I like about your idea / suggestion is …
2. Say what your concerns are. What concerns / worries me, however, is …
3. Add your own suggestions. But perhaps if you / I …
a. Perhaps you could take night classes.

b. There are thousands of videos online. Why don’t you try watching a few?
c. If you need a qualification, you should consider going back to the university.
d. Have you thought about joining a club in your community?
e. What about doing an online course?
My notes
14 | Brainstorm and discuss ways to learn • Unit 3 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
PERFORMANCE
I’d like to learn something new!
You would like to learn something new, but you aren’t sure
how or where you can do this.
You and a friend are going to get together to brainstorm a

few ideas. Don’t forget to comment on each other’s
suggestions!
I would like to learn .
Our ideas:
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto, Getty Images, iStockphoto, PhotoDisc,
iStockphoto, iStockphoto
UNIT 4
Conduct a survey about language

learning
to hold a conversation funding Question forms (review)

priority to sign up (for) Direct vs. indirect / formal questions. For
to improve widespread example: Can I ask you a few questions about
to be willing to knowledge languages? I wonder if I could ask you a few
questions about languages.
Would you mind …? willingness
might to navigate
municipal government to assist
WARM-UP
Yes No Not Sure

1. I can hold a conversation in at least one foreign language.
2. Being able to speak another language is very useful.
3. Everyone should learn at least two foreign languages.
4. Improving language skills should be a priority in education.
So many questions!
YES / NO QUESTIONS INFORMATION QUESTIONS

Do / Does …? Has / Have …? Who …? How …?
Am / Is / Are …? Can …? What …? How long…?
Did …? Could …? Where …? How often …?
Was / Were …? Would …? When …? How much …?
Will …? Should …? Why …? How many …?
16 | Conduct a survey about language learning • Unit 4 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
GRAMMAR
Might I ask you a few questions?
Can I ask you a few questions about languages?

→ I wonder if I could ask you a few questions about languages.
How old were you when you started learning English?
→ Would you mind telling me how old you were when you started learning English?
How much time do you have to learn a new language?
→ Could / Might I ask you how much time you have to learn a new language?
Why do you want to learn another language?
→ Could you tell me why you are interested in learning another language?
Did you study English in school?
→ Could you tell me whether you studied English in school?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
READING
What questions do they need to ask?

An app developer would like to create a new app that uses games to
help people improve their language skills. There would be a free
version and a paid version (which has more games, language options,
and no ads). They want to learn more about games people like, what
they use languages for, and whether they’d buy the paid version or not.
A municipal government currently offers low-cost English courses to

its adult residents. The program is extremely popular, and they have
received funding to expand the program to include one or two other
languages. To do that, they need to know what languages residents
are interested in learning and why, and whether they would sign up
for the new courses.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Conduct a survey about language learning • Unit 4 | 17
An American travel magazine plans to develop articles on how easy it
is to navigate various cities—which includes the English abilities of
each city’s residents. They would like to do surveys in downtown areas
to find out how widespread knowledge of English is, how well people
speak it, and their willingness to use the language to assist tourists.
PERFORMANCE
Purpose of survey:
Question 1:
Response (options):
Question 2:
Response (options):
Question 3:
Response (options):
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Thomas Stefflbauer, Thomas Stefflbauer, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Age Fotostock
18 | Conduct a survey about language learning • Unit 4 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
UNIT 5
Talk about major events and how

they are celebrated
(wedding) reception drawing Past perfect and past perfect

to be born toy progressive. For example: By the time
birth to tie (extension activity) we arrived, the party had already started.
They had been dating for three years
rite of passage knot (extension activity) when they got married.
bride to plunge (extension Euphemisms for pregnancy, marriage,
groom activity) and death (extension activity)
marriage license (wedding) vow (extension
maid (matron) of honor activity)
best man bun (extension activity)
wedding party pregnant (extension
activity)
bouquet
pregnancy (extension
petal activity)
cap and gown euphemism (extension
tassel activity)
WARM-UP
graduation wedding / getting birth of a child retirement

married
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Talk about major events and how they are celebrated • Unit 5 | 19
What major events have you celebrated?
Age Event Age Event
GRAMMAR
How long had they been together?
Two Years Ago Now
– – ▬▬▬▬▮▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▮▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▮▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▮▬➤
Three Years Ago Last Year
Kevin started his first job. He got married.

Dawn moved to Argentina. She retired last June.
Kevin had started his first job before he got married.

Kevin had been working for two years before he got married.
Dawn had moved to Argentina two years before she retired.
When Dawn retired, she had been living in Argentina for two years.
I ran into Ted Simmons yesterday. I hadn’t seen him since graduation!
We were really late. By the time we arrived, most of the guests had already left.
The Hammonds didn’t get married until they’d saved enough money to buy a house.
Shari hadn’t been waiting long when William arrived.
Pete had been looking for a job for six months before he found one.
20 | Talk about major events and how they are celebrated • Unit 5 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Your turn!
1. The last guest left. We didn’t go home until then.

→ .
2. Mark and Andrea dated for two years. Then they got married.
→ .
3. Steve got to the hospital. His wife gave birth to their baby girl before that.
→ .
LISTENING 5• 6 • 7
How do you celebrate?
1. Who is part of the wedding party?

.
2. What do the best man and the maid of honor do?

.
3. What does the bride do before the couple leaves

for their honeymoon?
.
4. What do graduating students wear?

.
5. What do students sometimes do so their families can

recognize them?
.
6. What happens to the tassel when students receive their

diplomas?
.
7. What kind of party is a baby shower similar to?
.
8. What kinds of gifts do people give?

.
PERFORMANCE
With a partner, choose an event that you have both celebrated at some point in your lives.
Then, compare how you celebrated your events. Were your celebrations similar or different?
Before you start your discussion, write some of the details you’d like to mention.
My notes
22 | Talk about major events and how they are celebrated • Unit 5 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Word Power
Euphemisms for life events
marriage pregnancy death

1. expecting
2. have a bun in the oven
3. be in a better place
4. left us
5. passed away
6. say (their) vows
7. take the plunge
8. tie the knot
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, PhotoDisc, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto, Shutterstock, iStockphoto, iStockphoto
UNIT 6
Describe a major turning point in

your life
to stay put profit Past conditional. For example: If I he hadn’t gone

to turn (50) non-profit organization to France, he wouldn’t have gotten a job with a
to hit (50) to coordinate
French firm.
steady (adj.) without a doubt Sayings related to the future and change
(extension activity): A bird in the hand is worth
meaningful sleepless nights two in the bush. Don’t burn (your) bridges. Don’t
mid-life crisis bush (extension count your chickens before they’re hatched.
to take stock activity)
to get over to hatch (extension
activity)
WARM-UP
Turning points
continue your education or get a job?

continue renting or buy a place?
stay at your job or change jobs?
start a family now or wait?
move to a another city / country or stay put?
or ?
My notes
24 | Describe a major turning point in your life • Unit 6 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
What were their turning points?
1. What was Daniel’s turning point?
2. What did he do while in France?
3. What happened after he graduated?
1. What was the turning point for Lena and her family?
2. Why did they decide to move?
3. Why was the decision a difficult one?
1. What was Victor’s turning point?
2. What did he do before making his decision?
3. What did he end up doing?
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe a major turning point in your life • Unit 6 | 25
GRAMMAR
If I had stayed home, we never would have met
Daniel spent a year in France. He got a job at a French company.

→ If Daniel hadn’t spent a year in France, he wouldn’t have gotten a job at a French
company.
The situation in her country wasn’t good. Lena and her family didn’t stay.
→ If the situation in her country had been better, Lena and her family would have stayed.
Your turn!
1. They didn’t stay in touch with us. They didn’t know we had moved.
→
2. Peter’s back injury wasn’t serious. He was able to keep his job.
→
3. Joe listened to his parents’ advice. He stayed in college and graduated.

→
4. They offered Lia a promotion. She didn’t leave the company.

→
What would have happened if …?
1. If ,
.
2. If ,
.
3. If ,
.
PERFORMANCE
Describe a major turning point in your life. Below are some questions you might want to
consider.
• What was the decision you had to make?

• Why did you have to make that decision? What was your situation?
• What were some of the pros and cons you considered at the time?
• How would your life have been different if you had decided differently?
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe a major turning point in your life • Unit 6 | 27
Word Power
1. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
2. Don’t burn (your) bridges.
3. Don’t count your chickens before they hatch.
a. You shouldn’t make plans that depend on something happening before you know it will
happen.
b. You shouldn’t end relationships badly when your situation changes (e.g., if you move,
change jobs, get married).
c. It’s better to be happy with what you have than to risk losing everything by trying to get
more.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Fotostock, Getty Images
UNIT 7
Suggest ways of looking for a job

job search recruitment agency Degrees of likelihood: definitely, bound to, certain
to hunt (for) job fair to, sure to, likely, unlikely, certainly won’t, can’t
job hunt internship
possibly
to go about (= do, start) cold call
to suggest / to recommend + subjunctive. For
example: I suggested (that) he ask one of his
Have you got …? (= Do referral contacts for a referral.
you have …?) vacancy Other verbs followed by subjunctive: to prefer, to
interview job opening propose, to request, to require (extension activity)
typical It’s not what you know,
contact (n., v.) it’s who you know.
to recruit (extension activity)
WARM-UP
– How’s the job hunt going?

– Not very well. I’ve sent out over fifty résumés, and I’ve
had one interview.
– How and where are you looking?
– I’m using job search sites, mostly.
– That might not be best way to go about your job search.
– Have you got a better suggestion?
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Suggest ways of looking for a job • Unit 7 | 29
Going about a job search
1. networking a. a list of open positions on a company’s website

2. referrals b. calling and asking companies about available jobs
3. job boards / job sites c. companies that find job candidates for other
companies
4. job fairs
d. many companies in one place to recruit employees
5. company site careers page e. sites where job listings and job ads are posted
6. cold calls f. short-term paid or unpaid work to learn about a
company or industry
7. recruitment agencies
g. short-term work at places with a temporary vacancy
8. temping h. someone you know recommends you for a position
9. internships i. using your contacts to find out about job opportunities
10. volunteering j. unpaid work, usually for non-profit organizations
Useful Expressions
Degrees of likelihood
They are definitely hiring more staff.
CERTAIN ⇒
You’re bound to / certain to / sure to find a job sooner or later.
I expect they’ve received my résumé by now.
PROBABLE ⇒
Your contacts are likely to know someone who can help you.
You may / might be able to find a job through cold calls.
POSSIBLE ⇒
You could try going to a recruitment agency.
I think you’re unlikely to find your dream job on a job board.
IMPROBABLE ⇒
I doubt they’ll respond to applicants they’re not interested in.
You certainly won’t find a job without some networking.
IMPOSSIBLE ⇒
They can’t possibly reply to all the applicants—there are too many!
30 | Suggest ways of looking for a job • Unit 7 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
GRAMMAR
What do you suggest he do?
You should apply for an internship.

→ My boss suggests (that) you apply for an internship.
Harry should get in touch with Rita.
→ I suggested (that) Harry get in touch with Rita.
You should network more.
→ They recommended (that) we network more.
Your turn!
1. Gina doesn’t know what kind of work she wants. What do you suggest she do?
→
2. There are one or two companies I’d really like to work for. What do you suggest I do?
→
3. Students don’t have too many professional contacts. What do you recommend they do?
→
My notes
PERFORMANCE
Role A
You are a college student who will be graduating at the
end of the year. That means that you need to start your
job search soon. A good friend of yours graduated last
year and has experience with job hunting. Ask your
friend how you should go about looking for a job.
Before you talk to your friend, write a few questions you

would like to ask.
My notes
32 | Suggest ways of looking for a job • Unit 7 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Role B
You graduated from college last year and since then, you
have found a good job. A friend of yours who will be
graduating at the end of the year would like some
suggestions about how to go about looking for a job.
You will be meeting with this friend shortly. Before that,

write some ideas and suggestions you would like to
share.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Age Fotostock, iStockphoto, iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 8
Compare attitudes toward

volunteering
Vocabulary & Expressions Grammar Item
(academic) requirement fascinating / fascinated Present and past participles as adjectives

like-minded satisfying (-ed vs. -ing) to describe feelings,
to hone (one’s) skills challenging / challenged emotions, attitudes. For example: I find
volunteer work very rewarding. I am
community service rewarding / rewarded inspired by the people I work with.
medical school temporary shelter
(career) possibility learning disability
burned out (difficulty UK)
food bank to fall asleep
retiree (pensioner UK) to exploit (extension
to tutor
activity)
tiring to take on (= to hire)
frustrating
to miss the point
disturbed / disturbing (extension activity)
discouraged / discouraging to view (extension activity)
overwhelming
My notes
34 | Compare attitudes toward volunteering • Unit 8 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

WARM-UP
Why do people do volunteer work?
academic requirement for fun learn something new

do good get involved make a difference
do something different get work experience meet like-minded people
explore career fields keep active meet people
feel needed to hone their skills share knowledge and skills
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Compare attitudes toward volunteering • Unit 8 | 35

LISTENING 11 • 12 • 13 • 14
Why did they decide to volunteer?
1. The retiree:
2. The college student:
3. The business professional:
4. The new resident:
Tip! retiree
pensioner
GRAMMAR
Interested or interesting?
I FEEL … THE WORK IS …
disturbed challenged disturbing challenging

frustrated fascinated frustrating fascinating
discouraged inspired discouraging inspiring
overwhelmed interested overwhelming interesting
tired satisfied tiring satisfying
– Are you satisfied with the work you do? – Why does Charlie look so discouraged?
– Yes, I do. I find it both interesting and – I think he finds his classes frustrating.
rewarding. He’s feeling a bit overwhelmed.

Your turn!
1. Adam: I work with people who need homes and find them temporary shelters. I find helping people
rewarding, but sometimes I see and hear things that upset me a lot.
2. Bea: I work with children who have learning difficulties. Sometimes, it feels like we aren’t
progressing at all. We often have to go over the same things again and again. But you know, these
children don’t give up—and that keeps me going, too.
3. Carl: As volunteers at the zoo, we do a lot of hard physical work. Sometimes, when I get home, I fall
asleep almost immediately. But I love animals, and could watch them all day long. It’s great when I
can share what I’ve learned with visitors.
4. Dora: I tried volunteering on a development project abroad once, but unfortunately, I didn’t have a
very good experience. I hardly got any training. I didn’t speak the language, the culture was
completely new, and we were expected to work ten hours or more a day! Between that and
homesickness, it was just too much for me. I left after two weeks.
PERFORMANCE
With your partner, discuss these volunteer opportunities.
The Children’s Museum is looking for Exhibit Volunteers. As an Exhibit Volunteer you would be
responsible for assisting children between 0–10 years of age with the museum’s activities. You will
interact with children, staff, and other volunteers to provide a fun learning experience for all visitors. We
would like volunteers to work at least twenty hours per month for a minimum of six months. Training is
provided.
Help the blind by raising a guide dog puppy! The Seeing Eyes Foundation is looking for volunteers to
care for its future guide dogs for people who have trouble seeing. These puppies have been selected to
take part in our guide dog training, but we need volunteers to look after them for the first 18 months of
their lives. Volunteers care for the puppies and teach them how to behave around people. We provide all
the support you need, including weekly training classes for the puppies and free veterinary care.
1. Who do you think these positions would be appropriate for? not appropriate for?
2. What do you think some of the cons and pros of each position might be?
3. Would you be interested in volunteering for one of these organizations? Why (not)?
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Compare attitudes toward volunteering • Unit 8 | 37

What do you think?
Community service shouldn’t be an Although I think volunteering is a

academic requirement for school great thing, I find it disturbing
children. People volunteer because when I see volunteers doing things
they want to help. If we tell kids they the government should be taking
have to do it, won’t they be missing care of. After all, isn’t that why we
the point? pay taxes?
My concern is that some

I’ve seen volunteer ads for
organizations view volunteers as free
assistant pharmacists, secretaries,
employees. They take on volunteers
teachers, nursing home aides …
because either they’re too cheap to
the list goes on. These are real
actually pay someone to do the work,
jobs that someone could be doing
or they get volunteers to do the work
for a salary, not volunteer
no one else wants to do. That’s just
positions.
not right!
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto, Shutterstock

UNIT 9
Make and respond to

announcements online
to announce dear friend Expressions for offering congratulations,

general public to pass away sympathy, and condolences. For example:
to be going out with (= to sadness You deserve it!
date) sorely missed
to pop the question to accept (to a school)
official loss
to sign You deserve it!
contract I’m looking forward to it.
over (the weekend) It couldn’t be helped.
couple (= two) condolences
serious (= bad) Please accept my
bed rest sympathy.
to suffer from (an illness) concern
to inform
WARM-UP
– Liz, it’s Kay. I have some wonderful news!

– What is it?
– Paul and I just got engaged!
– Oh, Kay, that’s wonderful! Congratulations! Have you
called Mom yet?
– No, I’d better do that right now. Don’t tell her I called you
first, OK?
– I won’t. I’m really happy for you!
– Thank you. Talk to you later. Bye!
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Make and respond to announcements online • Unit 9 | 39
What do people make announcements about?
Good news Announcements Bad news
READING
Appropriate online announcements?
1. As most of you know, Paul and I have been going out with each other for quite
a while now. Well, guess what? He finally popped the question last night over
dinner, and I said, YES!
2. It’s official! We’ve signed the contract for our new house! We’re finally going to
make that move to the countryside we’ve been talking about for so long.
3. Just so everyone knows … Wendy had an accident over the weekend and is
now in the hospital. The doctors say she’ll be fine, but she needs complete bed
rest for a couple of weeks. So, if you don’t hear from her that’s why.
4. As some of you may know, our dear friend, Charlie, has been suffering from a
serious illness for the past several years. It gives me great sadness to inform
you that Charlie passed away on Thursday night. He will be sorely missed.
40 | Make and respond to announcements online • Unit 9 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Useful Expressions
Offering congratulations, sympathy, and condolences

1. Congratulations on your promotion! You deserve it!
2. A baby boy? Congratulations! You must be so happy.
3. You’ve been accepted to medical school? That’s fantastic!
4. I’m sorry to hear about the illness in your family. Will be thinking of you.
5. What a shame you had to cancel your trip! I hope you can reschedule it.
6. I was so sorry to hear about your loss. Please accept my sympathy.
Responding to congratulations, sympathy, and condolences

a. I was disappointed, but it couldn’t be helped. We just have too much happening
right now.
b. Oh, I am. He’s got my eyes and his mother’s hair.
c. Thanks for your concern. It’s a difficult time, but the doctors are optimistic.
d. Thank you. We will sorely miss him.
e. Thank you. It’ll be challenging, but I’m looking forward to it.
f. Thank you. That’s very kind of you.
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Make and respond to announcements online • Unit 9 | 41
PERFORMANCE
Write a short announcement about an important event that

has happened in your life recently.
• What was the event?
• What happened?
• Why was it meaningful?
Share your announcement with your partner(s). If they respond, be sure to reply.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Berlitz, iStockphoto, Getty Images, Jupiter ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Images, PhotoDisc, Getty Images
42 | Make and respond to announcements online • Unit 9 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
UNIT 10
Review
OBJECTIVES LADDER
Now you can …
Make and respond to announcements online
Compare attitudes toward volunteering
Suggest ways of looking for a job
Describe a major turning point in your life
Talk about major events and how they are celebrated
Conduct a survey about language learning
Brainstorm and discuss ways to learn
Politely describe negative attributes
Describe yourself
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Review • Unit 10 | 43

PRACTICE
GOAL 01 15
How would you describe yourself?
I would say I am definitely no (1) ! I’m a (2) person, and if

there is some kind of (3) going on, you can be sure I’ll be there. I am
outgoing and (4) , but I don’t feel I have to be (5)
. I wouldn’t say I’m bossy but, when needed, I can be (6) .
fairly fun-loving pretty talkative quite assertive

social gathering the center of attention wallflower
GOAL 02
They’re not very dependable

1. If I were you, I wouldn’t leave my bag a. Are you saying people around here
lying around like that. aren’t very trustworthy?
2. I know Sami does excellent work, but b. It’s my new roommate. She just
why must he be so difficult? leaves her stuff around.
3. I can’t believe how noisy the people c. They’re not very considerate, are they?
upstairs are!
4. Your place is looking rather messy, d. She is stubborn as mule.

isn’t it? That’s not like you.
5. Anika is really selfish. She just wants e. True, he’s not the easiest person to
everything her way. deal with–but he is the best.
My notes
44 | Review • Unit 10 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

GOAL 03
It’s an interesting suggestion, but …

Below are two comments to two different suggestions, but they have been scrambled.
a. 1
I think your idea about developing your language game app together is very interesting and
it could be fun.
b.
But what if organized a reading club once a week? Then we could get together to discuss
our books.
c.
My biggest worry is motivation. If no one is making me do this, I probably won’t.
d.
Perhaps if we used phrases instead of single words, it might be more practical.
e.
What concerns me, however, is that it may not be very useful for most people.
f.
Your suggestion about reading books in English is great–I love to read and I don’t read
many books in English.
My notes

GOAL 04
Could I ask you about your classes?
1. Can I ask you a few questions?

→ I wonder if I ?
2. Have you taken any classes online before?

→ Could you tell me ?
3. Can you tell me where?

→ Would you mind ?
4. Which one did you prefer?

→ Could you tell me ?
5. How much funding did your organization receive last year?

→ May I ask ?
GOAL 05
By the time he turned 20, he had already lived in six countries.
1. I saw Marshall at the class reunion. I

(not see) him since we (graduate).
2. Yumi (work) for the company for

three years when she (get
promoted).
3. When we (buy) a house in Spain, we

(already decide) to retire there.
4. Kay and Paul (date) each other for

five years before they (get married).
5. By the time I (get to the wedding) the

bride (already throw) the bouquet.

GOAL 06
If they hadn’t done that, …
1. You didn’t ask me. I didn’t help you.

→ But if you .
2. She told us about her change of plans. We weren’t

upset.
→ But if she .
3. They offered me a higher salary. I accepted the

position.
→I .
4. It didn’t rain. We held our celebration outdoors.

→ We .
5. I had sleepless nights. My business didn’t make a

profit this year.
→ But if my business .
GOAL 07
What do you recommend I do?
1. I told Dave he should talk to a career adviser.

→ I recommended Dave .
2. Perhaps you could ask one of your contacts for help?
→ Emily suggested I .
3. I am certain you can find lots of jobs on campus posted at the student center.
→ You are bound to .
4. We probably won’t be offering internships this year.
→ It’s unlikely .
5. You expect me to find a new job by Monday? It’s impossible!
→ I can’t possibly !

GOAL 08
-ed or -ing?
1. Were you with your volunteer experience?

a. satisfied b. satisfying
2. I find working with young people both

and .
a. interested … rewarded
b. interesting … rewarding
3. As a child, I was with butterflies. I learned

everything I could about them.
a. fascinated b. fascinating
4. Volunteer work can be . There are days when I feel rather .

a. challenged … frustrating b. challenging … frustrated
5. Community service requirements can be to students who already have trouble

with academic requirements.
a. overwhelmed b. overwhelming
GOAL 09 16 • 17 • 18
What’s the right response?
1. – Thanks! I’m looking forward to the new job.

– Thank you. Unfortunately, this couldn’t have happened at a worse time.
2. – Oh, we are! She’s worked very hard for this.

– You have a new baby girl? How wonderful for you.
3. – I was sorry to hear about your dog. Please accept my sympathies.

– I’m sorry to hear about your dog. I hope he will be all right.

YOUR TURN!
GOAL 01
Tell us about the real you
Role A
You are a reporter for Blink!, a weekly magazine. Today you are interviewing a local celebrity.
Everyone knows what this person is like on TV, but you’d like to find out what he / she
is really like when at home, away from the cameras. Your interview will start soon. Before
that, write down some questions you would like to ask.
Role B
You are a famous local celebrity who appears on TV quite often. Today, you will be visited by
a reporter from Blink!, a weekly magazine. The reporter told you he / she would like to ask
about the real you—what you are like at home, away from the cameras. The reporter will
arrive soon. Before then, write down some information you would like to share with
the magazine and your fans. Think of words to describe yourself and give examples.

GOAL 02
Why did they have to be so difficult?
Tell your teacher or a classmate about a time when you

had to deal with a difficult person.
Describe the situation and what the person did that

annoyed or frustrated you.
Try to be polite and soften your language when talking

about the person’s attitude or behavior.
GOAL 03
How did you learn to do that?
Think of a time when you enjoyed learning something. Tell your partner about your learning
experience. Try to answer these questions in your talk:
1. What did you learn? Where? When?
2. What kind of learning style do you prefer?
3. How did you learn it (what methods, devices, tools, etc. did you use)?
4. What did you enjoy most about the learning process?
5. How successful do you feel you were?

GOAL 04
Complete the language survey
1. How many languages do you speak (including your native language)?

1 2 3 4 or more
2. How old were you when you first started learning a foreign language?
3. What do you use a foreign language for? List the three most common uses.
4. Would you like to learn another language in the future?

Yes No Don’t know
When you’ve finished, compare your answers with your classmates’ answers and summarize
the results.
GOAL 05
Let’s celebrate!
Role A
A member of your family will be celebrating a major

event in the near future (you decide what the event is).
You want the celebration to be very special, but you
don’t really know what you’d like to do. You have asked a
good friend of yours to come over and help you
brainstorm some ideas. Before your friend arrives,
write a couple ideas of your own.
What the celebration is for:

Role B
A good friend of yours has asked you to help him / her

brainstorm some ideas for an important family
celebration in the near future. (Ask your partner what the
event is.) You have agreed to go over today. Before you
go, write some ideas you think your friend might like.
Celebration ideas for:
GOAL 06
Do you plan to retire?
For many people, retirement is a major turning point in

their lives. From one day to the next, you go from working
full time to having nothing to do. Add one more question
to the list below, then discuss the questions with your
partner(s).
1. Have you thought about retirement yet?

2. When do you expect to retire?
3. What do you plan to do after you retire?
4.

GOAL 07
How did you find your job?
Ask your partner about the last time he / she was looking for a job. What was the job search
experience like?
1. Type of job:
2. Methods used to search for a job:
3. Length of time it took to find a job:
4. Lessons learned / recommendations for a job search:
GOAL 08
Why do I have to be a volunteer?
Role A
You have just started high school. In your area, high school students are required to
complete a minimum of ten hours of community service per year in order to graduate. You
don’t really understand why you have to do this and you don’t really want to.
Talk to your adviser about this requirement and your feelings.
Role B
You are an adviser at a high school. Your high school students are required to complete a
minimum of ten hours of community service per year in order to graduate. You know some
students find it overwhelming.
One student is coming to talk to you now.

GOAL 09
I’d like to announce …
Announcement A
This image illustrates an important event in your life or

in the life of someone close to you.
Create an announcement to go with the image.
Share your announcement and respond to any

comments that are made.
My notes

Announcement B
This image illustrates an important event in your life or

in the life of someone close to you.
Create an announcement to go with the image.
Share your announcement and respond to any

comments that are made.

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, PhotoDisc, Age ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Fotostock, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age Fotostock,
iStockphoto, Getty Images

UNIT 11
Describe an injury or illness

ill nauseous Verbs of perception: to sound (like), to look

illness cramp (like), to seem (like), to feel (like)
cast excruciating (pain)
sling throbbing (pain)
crutch to sweat
allergy stuffy nose
allergic to scratch
bone itch
painful itchy
muscle 24-hour bug
to ache pollen
sharp (pain) to run a test
to lose one’s voice hay fever
dizzy to learn (something) the
hard way
WARM-UP
What’s the matter?
56 | Describe an injury or illness • Unit 11 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

GRAMMAR
It looks like she’s in pain
Diego sounds awful. → He sounds like he has a bad cold.

Maggie looks tired. → She looks like she had a few sleepless nights.
It seemed OK. → It seemed like there was nothing wrong.
I felt sick. → I didn’t feel like eating anything.
– Hi, Ronnie. It’s Nellie. – You’re looking better! How do you

– Nellie, are you all right? You sound terrible! feel?
– I’m fine … but it seems like I’m losing my – I feel like a million dollars. The doctor
voice. should order bed rest more often.
What are the symptoms?
1. itchy a. dull, aching pain

2. dizzy b. extremely sharp, strong pain
3. cramp c. feeling like you can’t stand and things are turning
4. sweating d. feeling like you can’t keep food in your stomach
5. nauseous e. feeling you need to scratch
6. stuffy nose f. muscles pull together suddenly
7. throbbing pain g. the opposite of a runny nose
8. excruciating pain h. your body starts doing this when you are really hot
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe an injury or illness • Unit 11 | 57

Your turn!
1. Dancing in circles made Gina feel , so she decided to sit down.
2. Have you ever gotten a in your leg when you were sleeping?
3. Howard had a headache, so he took some aspirin.
4. If you have a , it’s difficult to breathe.
5. It was so hot outside we started after just a couple of minutes.
6. The pain from my toothache was !
7. Traveling on a ship makes some people feel .
8. After a sunburn, skin can feel .
What happened to you?
Sharon
1a. allergy illness injury
1b. Symptoms:
1c. Cause :
Tanja
2b. Symptoms:
2c. Cause :
58 | Describe an injury or illness • Unit 11 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Elena
3b. Symptoms:
3c. Cause :
PERFORMANCE
Choose one of the situations.
1. Tell a friend about an injury or illness you suffered in the past. Describe the symptoms (if
any) and the cause.
2. You are at the doctor’s. Describe your illness or injury. Try to give as much detail as you
can. Explain what happened (if anything) before you became ill or injured.
ONLINE PRACTICE

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iStockphoto, Digital Vision, Getty Images, Age Fotostock
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe an injury or illness • Unit 11 | 59

UNIT 12
Relay medical information

to relay stressed Reported commands and instructions. For

to sprain to concentrate example: The doctor urged him to find time
to keep a close eye on panic attack to relax.
to order (= to command) tablet
to warn capsule
to urge to swallow
to advise to chew
to instruct to crush
elevated dosage
to pound medication
blood pressure drowsy
diagnosis drowsiness
workload side effect
under stress
WARM-UP
– Steve, I’m at the hospital. Mikey’s had an accident.

– What?! What happened?
– He was climbing a tree and fell.
– Is he all right? What did the doctors say?
– Nothing’s broken, but he’s sprained his arm pretty badly,
so they put a cast on it. They said there’s no sign of a
head injury, but they want us to keep a close eye on him
for the next couple of days.
60 | Relay medical information • Unit 12 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

GRAMMAR
They told us to keep an eye on him
“Get some rest!”

“Don’t lift anything heavy!”
told
urged
The doctor advised you to get some rest.
warned not to lift anything heavy.
ordered
instructed
They told me not to go to work. ≠ They didn’t tell me to go to work.
Your turn!
Get more exercise! Don’t drive when taking this medicine!
Don’t sit at the computer for hours at a time! See a doctor right away!
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Relay medical information • Unit 12 | 61

LISTENING 22
You need to slow down
1. What happened to Mr. Wilson this morning?
2. Are his pulse and blood pressure normal?
3. What other symptoms is he experiencing?
4. How long has he had these problems?
5. Why didn’t Mr. Wilson go to see the doctor earlier?
6. What has Mr. Wilson’s job been like recently?
7. What will happen if he doesn’t finish the project on time?
8. What is the doctor’s diagnosis?
9. What did the doctor advise him to do?
Does this medicine have any side effects?

a. Swallow the tablets with water. Do not break, crush, or chew
them.
b. Pregnant women should ask the advice of their doctor
before taking this medication.
c. This medication may cause drowsiness. Do not drive motor
vehicles after taking it.
d. Recommended dosage for adults and children over 16: one
capsule every six to eight hours
e. Do not take this medication if you have a history of high
blood pressure or heart problems.
f.
g.

PERFORMANCE
What seems to be the problem?
Role A
You are an exchange student in another country. You’ve been there for several months and
don’t speak the language very well. Recently, you haven’t been feeling well. You are
constantly tired, you can’t sleep, sometimes you feel like your heart is pounding for no
reason. A friend has made a doctor’s appointment for you. This friend has also agreed to go
with you, to help you talk to the doctor. Before you go, write some thoughts about what
might be causing this problem.
Role B
A friend of yours, an exchange student in your country, hasn’t been feeling well recently.
Your friend can’t sleep, feels tired all the time, and has complained that his / her heart
sometimes is pounding for no reason. Because your friend doesn’t speak the language very
well, you made a doctor’s appointment and agreed to help him / her communicate with the
doctor. Before you go, write some key terms and phrases you think you might need to use.
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Relay medical information • Unit 12 | 63

Role C
You are a doctor. Today an exchange student from the university is coming to see you. The
student is complaining of being tired, sleepless nights, and what sounds like panic attacks.
When the appointment was made, you agreed to allow a friend to come to help in case there
are language-related communication issues. Before they arrive, write some key terms you
think you will need to give information or to ask questions.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, Berlitz, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto

UNIT 13
Describe problems with calls and

suggest solutions
loud(ly) to cut off Separable vs. inseparable phrasal verbs.

connection to call off For example: Can you turn your mic up?
disconnected to come up (= happen Only four people turned up for our
unexpectedly) webinar.
to get cut off
to die (referring to phone) to turn up (for)
mic (= microphone) to freeze
to turn up (the volume) frozen (screen)
to turn down (= decrease) to restart
to mute distorted (voice)
static to bark
echo to go outside
to break up (referring to to hang (something) up
voice) (extension activity)
garbled to take (something) off
WARM-UP
– And after that we’ll be … Mom? Are you still there? Hmm
… It looks like we’ve been cut off. I guess I’ll have to call
her back … Hi, Mom! It’s me, again.
– Hi, Kay! What happened?
– I was just talking, and I suddenly realized we’d been
disconnected. So, anyway, what were we talking about?
– You were saying something about a trip you were
planning.
– Oh, right. So, as I said, first we’re going to go to …
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe problems with calls and suggest solutions • Unit 13 | 65
Our connection’s not great
1. I’m afraid I can’t hear you. a. Can you turn up your mic?
2. I’m hearing everything twice. b. Can you repeat what you just said?
3. This connection is really bad. c. There’s an echo on the line.
4. Your last sentence was a bit garbled. d. Let me hang up and call you back.
5. You’re breaking up. e. There’s a lot of static on the line.
GRAMMAR
Did I cut you off?
Can you turn up your microphone? I forgot to turn on the camera.

Can you turn your microphone up? I forgot to turn the camera on.
Can you turn it up? I forgot to turn it on.
I cut my friend off. Kay called her mother back.

I cut him off. She called her back.
They called off the conference? Why did they call it off?
Try turning down the volume. If you turn it down, maybe the static won’t be so bad.
Chen didn’t turn off his radio during our call. He should have turned it off.
I didn’t hang up on you!
We were cut off. We were disconnected.

Only three people turned up for our call. Only three people attended the call.
A problem came up, so we ended the call early. There was an unexpected problem.
– I’ve tried to call Tom, but he didn’t pick up. – Why did you hang up on me?
– Hold on. I’ll ping him. He might see that. – I’m sorry, I didn’t. My phone died!
– That call was short. Did something come up?

– No, Yuri said the line was breaking up. He’ll
call back in a sec.
66 | Describe problems with calls and suggest solutions • Unit 13 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
PERFORMANCE
Can you hold on a sec? I’ve got a problem

1. Several people are talking outside your room rather loudly.
2. The last sentence you heard was completely garbled.
3. You’ve just lost your internet connection (but you rejoin the
call a few seconds later).
4. Someone’s mic is turned up too high. His / her voice is
distorted.
5. An airplane is flying overhead. Stop speaking and wait for it
to pass.
6. You’re at home during the call and your dog is barking loudly. It wants to go outside.
7. There’s something wrong with your connection. Everything the other people say is breaking up.
8. Your screen has frozen! Restart your laptop and rejoin the call.
You will be taking part in a group call in a few minutes. You will talk about what you've been
doing or working on during the past two weeks. Before the call, make a list of the things you
would like to mention.
Your call is about to begin. Join the call.
My notes
Word Power
Phrasal verbs with both separable and inseparable forms

As you may have noticed, some phrasal verbs have both a separable and an
inseparable form. The separable form can stay together or be split when used with an
object that is a noun or noun phrase. However, they must be split when using an
object pronoun. For example, to put out:
(noun) Ben puts garbage out twice a week.

OR: Ben puts out garbage twice a week.
(noun phrase) Ben puts his parent’s garbage out every week.
OR: Ben puts out his parent’s garbage every week.
(object pronoun) – How often does Ben put garbage out?
– He puts it out twice a week. (Not: He puts out it …)
1. We’ve been trying to call Julia, but she’s not . (picking up / picking it up)
2. Your clothes are everywhere! Why don’t you ! (pick up them / pick them up)
3. I’m sorry I earlier. (hung up on you / hung you up on)
4. Give me your jacket. I’ll the closet. (hang up in it / hang it up in)
5. Our flight is leaving soon. We in 20 minutes. (take off / take it off)
6. Can you help me? My ring is stuck. I can’t . (take off it / take it off)
My notes
68 | Describe problems with calls and suggest solutions • Unit 13 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 14
Interrupt to ask a question or ask for

clarification
to clarify What’s on your mind? Asking for clarification: Indirect / polite questions
clarification Let me finish my and echo questions. For example: Would you give
to interrupt thought. me an example? I’m sorry, the meeting will be
to identify where?
to raise (your hand)
to sponsor to ask a question vs. to have a question
example
to participate Expressions for interrupting
to repeat
to discuss Pronunciation: Linking sounds between words
to rephrase (extension activity)
phrase short-term
roof disadvantaged
(children)
I’d like to say
something, if I may. to link (extension
I want to add activity)
something.
WARM-UP
– Pamela, did you want to say something?

– Sorry to interrupt, but I’m not quite sure I understand how
the new system will work. Could you give us an example?
– Sure, no problem. The new system …
70 | Interrupt to ask a question or ask for clarification • Unit 14 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
GRAMMAR
Could you clarify that?
POLITE / INDIRECT QUESTIONS ECHO QUESTIONS
rephrase that for me? We should finish by when?

Could you give us an example of …? The person in charge is who?
Would you clarify what … means? You talked to how many people?
explain what a … is? The meeting will take place where?
Ask politely
1. I’m sorry, I didn’t hear you. What did you say?

→ Would you ?
2. I don’t know what that phrase means. Can you say that another way?
→ Could you ?
3. I’m not quite sure I understand. Clarify, please!

→ Would you ?
4. I think I understand, but I’d like an example.

→ Could you ?
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Interrupt to ask a question or ask for clarification • Unit 14 | 71
Say what?
1. The new professor will arrive in October. → ?
2. I’d like you to get together with Kumar this week. → ?
3. We will be holding this year’s block party on July 20th. → ?
4. Carol will be leaving us at the end of the year. → ?
5. It cost five thousand dollars to fix the roof. → ?
My notes
Word Power
Ask a question or have a question?
▶ You are the person with a question: ▶ You are the person answering:
Can I ask a question? Are there any questions?
I’d like to ask a question. Did you want to ask a question?
Excuse me. I have a question. Do you have any questions?
1. Everyone was talking at the same time, so I couldn't my question.
2. If you have a moment, we a few questions about the information you

sent.
3. Can I you a question about the plans for the job fair?
4. If anyone a question, please ping it to us. We’ll answer them as they

come in.
Useful Expressions
Interrupting
– Sorry to interrupt, but I have a – I’m sorry, but could I just ask a quick
question. question?
– That’s all right. Go right ahead. – One moment. I’d like to finish my thought.
– I’d like to add something, if I may. – Excuse me. May I interrupt for a moment?
– Sure. What’s on your mind? – Certainly. What did you want to say?
PERFORMANCE
The company you work for would like to give something

back to the community where it is located. Senior
management has identified several local projects they’d be
interested in sponsoring—but the company can only
support one this year. You’ve been asked to participate in a
meeting where you will discuss the options below. You can
add an option if you’d like.
a. Tech for All: Conducts courses to teach computer skills

to retired people
b. Career Compass: Organizes job fairs and short-term internships for high school students
c. Languages Connect: Provides a variety of programs to help disadvantaged children learn

languages
d. Green and Clean: regularly organizes environmental programs and events
e.
Reasons for your choice:

1.
2.
My notes
Did you all agree?
Native English speakers naturally link words together when they are speaking. For example, when
an American asks, “Did you all agree?” it may actually sound like “Didjya allagree?”! Here are some
examples of when linking occurs:
1. When a word ends in a consonant sound, we move the consonant sound to the next word if it
begins with a vowel sound or h:
Jeff isn’t available. Is he busy? Can I have a copy?
2. When a word ends in a t or a d and the next word begins with a y, we link the words with a ch (won’t
you) or a j (would you) sound:
I met you last year. What did you ask me?
3. When a word ends with a vowel sound and the next word begins with a vowel sound, we usually
add a short w (to eat) or y (we all) between the two words:
I’ll go over that later. We are finished now.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 15
Discuss household chores and

maintenance
to deep clean to make the bed Causative (active form): to have someone do
grocery shopping repair something; to get someone to do something. For
to dust to mop example: We have our lawn mowed by our
children. / I’ll get the neighbors to water the
lawn to sweep plants while we’re gone.
to mow broom to do vs. to make
shovel (n., v.) roofer
vacuum cleaner to clear out
(hoover UK) to water
carpet plant
WARM-UP
grocery shopping doing the laundry dusting
76 | Discuss household chores and maintenance • Unit 15 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
mowing the lawn washing the car shoveling snow
There are so many chores to do!
do the cleaning do the laundry make the bed

do the cooking make repairs mow the lawn
do the dishes vacuum the carpet take out the trash
do the shopping mop the floor dust the furniture
do the ironing sweep the floor wash the car
a. What chores need to be done this weekend? Check them off.

b. Are there any chores you enjoy doing? 1. 2. 3.
c. Which do you dislike, or even hate, doing? 1. 2. 3.
Tip! to do the dishes, to vacuum, to take out the trash
to do the washing up, to do the hoovering, to take out the rubbish
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Discuss household chores and maintenance • Unit 15 | 77
GRAMMAR
We get the kids to help with the chores
Causative (active form)
Judy doesn’t clean her son’s room. She has her son clean it.
Judy asked her son to wash her car. She got her son to wash the car (for her).
– Are you planning to paint your kitchen – The garden looks great! Did you do all
yourself? this yourself?
– No way! I’m going to get a professional – Oh, no. I had the kids help me out with
painter to do it. some of it.
Your turn!
1. The Ruperts both work, so they their kids with the chores. (help)
2. Mr. Kim isn’t going to fix the roof himself. He’s a professional roofer it.
(repair)
3. I didn’t clear out the garage. I my husband it. It’s his stuff anyway! (do)
4. While we’re away, we will our neighbors the plants. (water)
5. I don’t have time to go grocery shopping, so I order groceries online and the store
them. (deliver)
My notes
Word Power
To do or to make?
I made dinner, and then I did the dishes.
What’s the difference? Why do we do some things and make others? There is no clear
rule, but in general:
• we do a job or a chore that is there waiting for us. (The (dirty) dishes—and the
process of cleaning them—were already there. Someone had to do the dishes.)
• we make or create something that was not there before. (There was no dinner
until I made it.)
1. You should a list before you your grocery shopping.
2. They a good job—they didn’t any mistakes.
3. I like to cookies and cakes, so I all the baking in our house.
4. You the mess, you the cleaning up!
5. Although he doesn’t often the cooking, Anais a lovely meal last

night.
My notes
PERFORMANCE
Choose one of the situations:

• Your relatives are coming to visit! With your
household members / member, discuss the chores
and any maintenance that needs to be done before
they arrive.
• Spring has finally arrived! This is a great time

to deep clean your place. Make a list of the things you
want to do and things you need to get someone to do.
Share your plans with a classmate.
• You are going abroad for a week. Your neighbor has offered to look after your place while
you are gone. Tell your neighbor what you’d like him / her to do.
My notes
Culture Corner
Spring cleaning?
In many English-speaking countries, spring is
traditionally the time when people do major cleaning
at home: the whole house (or apartment) is cleaned
from top to bottom. This is known as spring
cleaning.
Some companies also have major cleaning

services—usually several times a year—known as
deep cleaning services.
What’s the situation in your country? Do you also do spring cleaning, or does
something similar happen at another time of the year?
Does your company do deep cleans? What gets done then, that doesn’t happen during
normal, everyday cleaning?
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Age Fotostock, PhotoDisc, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
PhotoDisc, Adobe Stock, PhotoDisc, iStockphoto, PhotoDisc
UNIT 16
Call a repair service or landlord

about a repair
landlord to exterminate Causative (passive form): to have

faucet (tap UK) locksmith something done; to get something done.
electrical For example: We have to have the leak
to drip
checked. We had to get the faucet
a small fortune electrician replaced.
to solve repair person
drain (n.) handyperson
clogged set-top box
light switch to (re)set
leak (n., v.) to plug in
banging (noise) to unplug
insect water heater
ant to be on the blink
WARM-UP
– The faucet in the bathroom is dripping.

– What, again? I just fixed it.
– Well, I think we need to get someone to look at it. The
whole thing might need to be replaced.
– You know, if I call a plumber, it’s going to cost a small
fortune.
– Maybe, but at least the problem will be solved.
Tip! faucet
tap
82 | Call a repair service or landlord about a repair • Unit 16 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Who should we call?
1. a drain is clogged a. a locksmith

2. a light switch doesn’t work b. a painter
3. paint is cracked and chipped c. a plumber
4. the roof is leaking d. a roofer
5. the washing machine makes a banging noise e. an appliance repair person
6. there are ants everywhere f. an electrician
7. you can’t lock your door g. an exterminator
GRAMMAR
When will you have it repaired?
Causative (passive form)
The landlord had someone repair the washing machine.

→ He had the washing machine repaired.
We are going to get some painters to repaint the kitchen.
→ We are going to get the kitchen repainted.
– When will you get the refrigerator fixed? – This carpet is so dirty! I think we need to
We’ve been waiting for days! have it cleaned.
– I talked to the repairperson. She said – OK. There’s a carpet cleaning service at
she can’t come until Monday morning. the shopping center. I’ll give them a call.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Call a repair service or landlord about a repair • Unit 16 | 83
Your turn!
1. We would like to have someone repair the window for us.

→ .
2. They are getting someone to clean their carpet this weekend.

→ .
3. The owner will have the painters paint the apartment.

→ .
4. I got the landlord to replace the stove and the fridge.

→ .
5. We should have an electrician check our light switches.

→ .
LISTENING 26 • 27
What’s the problem?
A. Tiffany
1. Who did Tiffany call?
2. What was the problem with her TV?
3. How was the problem fixed?
B. Arthur
1. Who did Arthur call?
2. What is the problem with the water heater?
3. How will the problem be fixed?
84 | Call a repair service or landlord about a repair • Unit 16 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
PERFORMANCE
You are renting an apartment. You have a problem at your place. Write some details about the
problem.
The problem:
Possible cause of the problem (if known):
Other information / details:
With your partner, decide whether you will be calling a landlord or a repair service.
Then make your call.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Call a repair service or landlord about a repair • Unit 16 | 85
UNIT 17
Respond to questions from travel

authorities
travel authority to support (oneself) Typical and less common questions from travel
drug straightforward authorities. For example: What is your
alcohol to raise a red flag occupation?
tobacco fixed (place)
sufficient (funds) concrete
WARM-UP
a. b. c.
arrival arrival arrival
departure departure departure
My notes
86 | Respond to questions from travel authorities • Unit 17 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
What questions will they ask?
Security Immigration Customs

1. Can you open your bag, please?
2. Did you pack your bag yourself?
3. Do you have anything to declare?
4. Has your bag been in your possession at all times?
5. How long will you be staying?
6. What is the purpose of your visit?
7. Where will you be staying?
More questions
What is your occupation?
Could you show me your hotel reservation / confirmation?
Where are you flying in from?
Do you have a round-trip ticket?
Are you carrying any drugs, tobacco, or alcohol with you?
Do you have sufficient funds to support yourself during your stay?
READING
Red flags
Travelers’ responses sometimes raise red flags with travel
authorities. Here are a few:
a. leaving and entering the country
b. not having a fixed place of
c. not having to stay
d. a of less than a week or more than a month
e. not having or an itinerary for a
visit
f. not being able to answer questions fairly quickly
+1
a specific place concrete plans employment frequently planned stay straightforward
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Respond to questions from travel authorities • Unit 17 | 87
LISTENING 28
May I see your passport, please?

– What is the purpose of your visit?
– I’m here to (1) .
– What type of conference?
– It’s for foodies, and people who have their own food blogs.
– Is that your occupation?
– No, it’s (2) . I work as (3)
.
– How long will you be staying?
– (4) . And then I’m (5)
.
– Do you have a return ticket?
– Sure. Here you are.
– Where will you be staying?
– At (6) .
– Which hotel? Can you show me your reservation?
– Hold on just a moment. It’s (7) . Here it is. I’m staying at the Weston.
– Thank you very much. Enjoy your stay.
– Thank you!
PERFORMANCE
1. You are at customs, on your way home from Turkey.

While there, you bought several types of dried spices.
Because of this, you answered YES to the question
about bringing in “fruits, vegetables, plants, seeds, food,
insects” on the customs declaration form. As far as you
know, dried spices are allowed.
2. You are at immigration. You are planning to travel

around the country for six weeks. You’ve made a
reservation and have confirmation for the first hotel, but
you want to make arrangements for later
accommodations while you are in the country. Immigration asks for your hotel
confirmations for your entire stay.
88 | Respond to questions from travel authorities • Unit 17 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
As a Customs and Border Protection (CBP) Officer, you conduct the Immigration, Customs,
and Agriculture components of the Inspections process.
• A foreign national or alien entering the US is generally required to present a passport and
valid visa issued by a US Consular Official. Certain foreign nationals can be admitted to
the US, under limited conditions and for a limited time, without obtaining a visa. They
must arrive on an approved carrier, stay up to 90 days for pleasure/medical purposes/
business, and be able to prove they are not inadmissible.
• Arriving passengers must declare all food products they are carrying into the US in
passenger baggage for personal use. Failure to declare food products can result in up to
$10,000 in fines and penalties.
Condiments - ketchup (catsup), mustard, mayonnaise, Marmite and Vegemite, and
prepared sauces that do not contain meat products are allowed.
Spices - most dried spices are allowed except for orange, lemon, lime and other
citrus leaves and seeds, lemongrass, and many vegetable and fruit seeds. Peeled
cloves of garlic and clean ginger roots are allowed.
Fresh (chilled or frozen), dried, cured, and fully cooked meat is generally prohibited
from most countries.
• Whenever you suspect contamination or insect infestation of any food products, you can
subject these products to an Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and /
or Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inspections.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Dreamstime, iStockphoto, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Getty Images, Getty Images, iStockphoto
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Respond to questions from travel authorities • Unit 17 | 89
UNIT 18
Describe a travel experience

smooth (flight) legroom Passive with modals, past form. For

bumpy no-frills example: An upgrade should have been
Lucky you! to nickel-and-dime (to given to us. We should have been given an
death) upgrade.
to speed (something) up
racket (= noise) to find out
to keep (someone) up disgusting
stranded furnishings
bumped air conditioner
plenty of couldn’t care less
in a nutshell
WARM-UP
– How was your trip to Rome, Jeff?

– Everything was perfect—the city, the people, the hotel—
even the flight.
– Really? What was so special about the flight?
– Our departure flight was overbooked, so we were
upgraded to first class. And both flights were
really smooth!
– Lucky you! And the hotel?
– That was great, too. The employees were so friendly and
helpful. They made our stay really enjoyable.
– It sounds like you had a great experience.
My notes
90 | Describe a travel experience • Unit 18 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

A positive or negative experience?
Roxie Harrison Abi

positive negative positive negative positive negative
Where? Where? Where?
Why? Why? Why?
GRAMMAR
He should have been offered another room
ACTIVE They should have made an announcement.

DIRECT PASSIVE → An announcement should have been made.
ACTIVE They should have told us about the delay.

DIRECT PASSIVE → We should have been told about the delay.
ACTIVE They shouldn’t have given me a middle seat.

DIRECT PASSIVE → A middle seat shouldn’t have been given to me.
INDIRECT PASSIVE → I shouldn’t have been given a middle seat.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe a travel experience • Unit 18 | 91

Your turn!
1. They bumped me from the flight.

→ .
2. They ignored his complaint.

→ .
3. They didn’t transfer our luggage.

→ .
4. They didn’t give you an upgrade.

→ .
5. They didn’t provide us with a tour itinerary.

→ .
6. They didn’t offer the stranded passengers accommodations.

→ .
READING
How was your experience?
Traveler A ★★★★☆
The seats were comfortable and had plenty of legroom (important when you’re as tall as I am). The food was
outstanding—especially the desserts (my big weakness). When we got to our destination and found out that our
luggage had been delayed, the airline staff was very helpful—they gave us sufficient funds so that we could buy
what we needed until our bags were delivered to our hotel the next morning.
Traveler B ★☆☆☆☆
In a nutshell, this airline is no different from the no-frills airlines. They nickel-and-dime you to death. You have to
pay extra for any checked baggage, food, drinks, and for choosing your seat ahead of time. Oh, and let’s not
forget—if you want to watch TV or enjoy any of the “free” in-flight entertainment system—you have to pay for
headphones! And if you want to pay with a credit card instead of a debit card, they even charge you extra for
that!
Traveler C ★★★★★
I stayed at this hotel for the first time in December, and I was absolutely delighted. When I arrived, there was a
hotel car waiting for me at the airport. In the lobby, they had free tea, coffee, and snacks available for all guests.
The rooms are immaculate and bright, and the furnishings are modern and stylish. The entire staff was pleasant
and cheerful. I’d stay there again.
Traveler D ★☆☆☆☆
I would say this is the worst hotel I’ve ever stayed in. The room was tiny and not very clean. The air conditioner
didn’t work and we couldn’t open the windows—even though It was 93°F outside. The food they served in their
restaurant was disgusting. We complained, but the staff couldn’t have cared less. OK, so it was the one of the
cheapest rooms we could find. Obviously, you get what you pay for.

Tip! traveler; the staff was; 93°F
traveller; the staff were; 34°C
PERFORMANCE
Role A
You have just come back from a trip. You know your best friend is probably going to call you
soon to hear all about your trip. Before that, think about what you want to tell your friend.
Some things to consider:
• your travel there and back • your accommodations • places you went
• the trip destination • your impressions • people you met
Your phone is ringing. Answer it.
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe a travel experience • Unit 18 | 93

Role B
Your friend has just come back from a trip.You told your friend you would call when he / she
got home, because you want to hear all about it. Before you call, think about what you want
to ask your friend. Some things to consider:
• the travel there and back • the accommodations • places your friend went
• the trip destination • the people • your friend’s impressions
When you have a few questions, call your friend.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Getty Images, Getty Images, Age Fotostock, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto

UNIT 19
Draft a complaint or compliment

email to a company
cruise line to irritate Inverted word order for emphasis. For example:
to recognize (an irritating The thing that impressed us the most was the
achievement) irritated service of the staff. It was the service of the
recognition staff that impressed us the most.
to infuriate
quality infuriating
impressed infuriated
to clean up inexcusable
memorable indifference
attentiveness checkout line
appreciative
WARM-UP
– What are you doing?

– I’m writing to the cruise line. I wanted to let them know
how much we enjoyed our trip.
– What a nice idea! The staff really did go out of their way
to make our anniversary special, didn’t they?
– They did—and I hope they get the recognition they
deserve!
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Draft a complaint or compliment email to a company • Unit 19 | 95
A memorable experience
2. The music in the restaurant was so loud,

1. We were really impressed by the quality
we couldn’t talk to each other—we had to
of the work they did in the kitchen. They
shout. But even more irritating than that was
even cleaned up everything afterwards—we
the staff’s indifference. They said if we didn’t
were definitely appreciative of that!
like it, we could leave.
3. It’s inexcusable that they didn’t open

up another checkout line. There were 4. We had a great time. The hotel staff was so
at least fifty people waiting. It took me attentive and helpful! They made our stay a
almost an hour just to pay for my memorable one.
items. That’s infuriating!
GRAMMAR
It was the handwritten note that really impressed me
Their complete indifference irritates me the most.

→ The thing that irritates me the most is their complete indifference.
→ It is their complete indifference that irritates me the most.
The attentiveness of the staff made this trip truly memorable.

→ The thing that made this trip truly memorable was the attentiveness of the staff.
→ It was the attentiveness of the staff that made this a truly memorable trip.
My notes
96 | Draft a complaint or compliment email to a company • Unit 19 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Your turn!
1. We really appreciated the quality of the street food.

→ The thing that .
2. The way the situation was handled is absolutely inexcusable.

→ The thing that .
3. Their carefully planned itinerary impressed us the most.

→ It was .
4. The four-hour wait at the gate really infuriated me.

→ It was .
5. The thing that .
6. It was .
Useful Expressions
Starting and ending compliment and complaint letters

COMPLIMENTS COMPLAINTS
• I am writing to say how much we • I am writing to say how

appreciated (the way that) … disappointed we were with …
• I want you to know how pleased / • I am writing to complain about …

satisfied / impressed / delighted we
were with … • I wish to express how dissatisfied
I’m with …
• We would like to thank your staff for …
• I would appreciate it if you could …
• Thank you once again for …
• I look forward to hearing from you …
• We look forward to …
• Please let us know what you
• We will definitely … propose to do.
We wanted you to know how much we appreciate the work you have done for us over the last few months.
Meeting deadlines on time is extremely important to us, which is why we depend on reliable freelancers like
you. The thing that has really impressed us is the outstanding work you provide and your quick response
times. We would definitely recommend you to others.
Thank you again for all your fantastic work. We look forward to working with you on future projects.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Draft a complaint or compliment email to a company • Unit 19 | 97
PERFORMANCE
Think about a time when you had a very positive or very negative experience:
• with a product, or
• with a service provider, or
• during a trip.
Write a compliment or a complaint letter to the right people involved.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
98 | Draft a complaint or compliment email to a company • Unit 19 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
UNIT 20
Review
OBJECTIVES LADDER
Now you can …
Draft a complaint or compliment email to a company
Describe a travel experience
Respond to questions from travel authorities
Call a repair service or landlord about a repair
Discuss household chores and maintenance
Interrupt to ask a question or ask for clarification
Describe problems with calls and suggest solutions
Relay medical information
Describe an injury or illness

PRACTICE
GOAL 11
It seems like everyone’s OK

1. My whole body hurts. I I was hit by a
truck.
a. feel b. feel like
2. Anna, you terrible! Do you have a sore

throat?
a. sound b. sound like
3. Min-ji she’s hot. She’s sweating.

a. looks b. looks like
4. You much better today. How are you feeling?

a. seem b. seem like
5. That cut pretty bad. Perhaps you should see a doctor.

a. looks b. looks like
6. Nadia she has a stuffy nose. I can’t really tell what she’s saying.
a. sounds b. sounds like
7. Cindy nauseous. She said her lunch was disgusting.

a. feels b. feels like
My notes

GOAL 12
She advised me to see a doctor

1. After his panic attack, Tim’s doctor a. not to move the injured person.
urged him
2. Melinda wants to lose weight fast, but b. to leave the area of the accident.
I warned her
3. My eye doctor advised me c. to take it easy at work.
4. The emergency services operator d. not to try another fad diet.

instructed us
5. The police ordered everyone e. not to stare at the computer screen all
day.
GOAL 13
Can you call me back?

Use the correct tense of the phrasal verbs below, and add pronouns (me, you, etc.), if needed.
1. The TV’s too quiet. Can you please ?

2. The conference was very successful. Over a hundred people
.
3. I’m sorry to , Marlene, but I’d like to add
something, if I may.
4. It’s me again. I don’t know what happened—I guess we were
just .
5. We tried calling Diego a few times, but he’s not
.
6. I can’t hear what you’re saying. Your voice is . Let me and
.
pick up turn up hang up turn up break up cut off call back cut off

GOAL 14
I’m sorry. What do we need to do?

1. – Sorry, the class will begin ?
– At 8:00 a.m.
2. – I’m afraid I don’t quite understand. Could you that?
– Sure. What I meant was that the new system will be easy to use.
3. – I’m sorry. Could I just here?
– No problem. Go right ahead.
4. – will it take to get a visa?
– It can take up to ten weeks.
5. – Does anyone else ?
– Yes, I do. What do you mean by job fair?
6. – Could you of a compound noun?
– Of course. For example, toothpaste, blackboard, and haircut are compound nouns.
give an example when How long have a question ask a question rephrase
GOAL 15
We’ll have a professional do it!
1. We don’t clean the carpet ourselves. A cleaning service does it for us.
→ We have .
2. I’m not going to fix the faucet. A plumber will do it.

→ I’m getting .
3. Sandra didn’t wash her car. Her son did.

→ She got .
4. Tony locked his keys in his car. A locksmith opened it for him.
→ He had .
5. I won’t have time to cook this evening. My husband will pick something up.
→ I will have .

GOAL 16
What will they have done?
car / check bike / repair house / paint some furniture / make
He is having I will get They got We’d like to have

. . . .
GOAL 17 32 • 33 • 34 • 35
How would you respond?
A B
1. No, nothing. Here you are.
2. I’m here as a tourist. I’m a full-time student.
3. At a hotel. At the Plaza Hotel in Springfield.
4. I have sufficient funds and I hope to find some part-time
several credit cards. work now during my stay.
My notes

GOAL 18
That information should have been given earlier

1. They shouldn’t have overbooked the flight.
→ The flight .
2. They should have served us a snack.

→ We .
3. They may have canceled our reservation.

→ Our reservation .
4. They should have given a refund to everyone.

→ Everyone .
5. They could have put your luggage on the wrong flight.

→ Your luggage .
GOAL 19
The thing they liked most was the fireworks

1. especially enjoyed / on her trip to New York / seeing a Broadway play / Tina / was
→ The thing .
2. is when / people don’t send / really irritates me / that / the information they promised
→ One thing .
3. at the end / part of the celebration / that was / the fireworks display / the most impressive
→ It was .
4. of the customer service rep / that I / the indifference / found inexcusable
→ It was .

YOUR TURN!
GOAL 11
Are you all right?

Choose one of the situations to act out.
What happened?
Role A: You were riding your bike and fell. Your shoulder
hurts. Someone has stopped to help you. Tell him / her
what happened.
Role B: You see cyclist on the ground holding his / her

shoulder. Find out what happened and ask if you can
help.
What's the matter?

Role A: You are out with your friend. Suddenly you notice
she / he seems to be in pain. The person is holding his /
her face. Find out what’s wrong.
Role B. You are out with your friend. Your tooth has
suddenly started to hurt very badly.

GOAL 12
Do you look for medical advice online?
Think about a time when you (or someone you know) looked online for medical information or
advice. Tell your classmates about it. Here are some questions to consider:
• Were you able to find the information you were looking for?
• Where did you look?
• How did you feel after finding the information?
• What kind of advice did they give?
• How reliable do you feel the source was?
• Did it seem like good advice to you? Why or why not?
• Did you follow the advice? Did you check with a doctor first?
GOAL 13
How would you rate this call?
Think about the last time you had a problem with an online call (with or without video). Rate
the call using the form below. Tell your classmate(s) about the problems you experienced.
Audio problems Video problems

I could not hear any sound. I could not see any video.
The other side couldn’t hear me. The other side could not see my video.
Voices were distorted. Picture quality was poor.
There was an echo on the line. Video stopped often or froze completely.
There was a lot of static / noise. Video kept breaking up.
The call ended suddenly. Video ended suddenly.
Excellent. The call was perfect; there were no problems.

Good. There were some very minor problems, but they didn’t affect the call.
Fair. There were problems that affected the call.
Poor. The problems were so bad, we couldn’t continue the call.

GOAL 14
Excuse me. I have a question!
You are at a meeting where a local community leader is talking about the plans for this year’s
community day. As needed, interrupt to ask questions about the items below.
1. entertainment (the band last year played only old music)
2. the food (last year’s food was disgusting; several people ended up getting sick)
3. the location (it was too far away for a lot of people)
4. rain date (last year there wasn’t one; it didn’t rain)
5.
GOAL 15
Did you have someone come in and do the work?
Role A
Ask your partner the last time some maintenance work
needed to be done at home. Find out: what was
done, who did the work, and how long it took.

Role B
Ask your partner about the last time a lot of
housework needed to be done. Find out: what he / she
had done and why, who did the work, and how long it
took.
GOAL 16
We had to get it repaired
Describe a time when you needed to get something repaired.
What was the problem?

Who did you call?
Were you satisfied with the work?
Would you recommend the person who did the job to a friend? Yes No
Why / Why not?
GOAL 17
Can I bring that with me?
Role A
You are planning to visit a friend in another country. You’ve never been there before. In fact,
this will be your first ever trip abroad. You have heard that the travel authorities in your
friend’s country ask a lot of questions. Call your friend and ask for advice about what you
can and can’t bring with you, and what to expect at the airport.

Role B
A friend from another country is coming to visit you. This person has never been to your
country before—in fact, this will be his / her first ever trip abroad. The travel authorities in
your country ask a lot of questions. What advice can you give?
Your friend is calling you. Pick up.
GOAL 18
Best and worst travel experiences
a. What was your best ever travel experience? What made it such a good trip? What is the
one thing you enjoyed the most?
b. What was your worst travel experience? What was it that made it so awful? What is the one
thing that irritated or infuriated you the most?
My notes

GOAL 19
I just wanted to let you know how much I like your products
Do you have a favorite product or service? One that you buy or use all the time?
What do you like so much about it?
What do you want to tell the company or service provider?
Write a short compliment letter to the company to tell them how you feel.

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age Fotostock, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age Fotostock,
iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age Fotostock

UNIT 21
Say what kind of books and films

you prefer
sofa poetry Expressing likes, dislikes, preferences. For

to lie, lying classic (novel) example: I don’t mind it. (= It’s OK.),
to throw in (= to include essay There’s nothing I like more than …, I can’t
something extra) stand ….
(auto)biography
Names of professions. For example:
to turn the page history novelist, poet, biographer. (extension
page-turner self-help book activity)
done (adj.) how-to book
Scandinavia must-read
fiction fingernail
non-fiction a nail-biter (= exciting film)
comics on the edge of (one’s) seat
comic book bored to death
novel to put (one) to sleep
graphic novel illustration (extension
poem activity)
WARM-UP
– What's that you're reading?

– It’s the new thriller by Jan Johansen.
– He’s that writer from Scandinavia, isn’t he?
– From Norway. Haven’t you read any of his books yet?
– No, not yet. They’re crime stories, right?
– With a bit of horror thrown in. This one is a real page-
turner.
– Sounds pretty interesting. Can I read it when you’re done?
– Sure thing.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Say what kind of books and films you prefer • Unit 21 | 111
Do you prefer fiction or non-fiction?
Fiction Non-fiction
novels essays
short stories biographies
poems, poetry autobiographies
drama, plays self-help books
classics how-to books
graphic novels travel books
comic books histories
Useful Expressions
Likes, dislikes, and preferences
I prefer fiction to non-fiction. I especially like short stories.

I don’t mind fantasy, but I’d rather read science fiction.
There’s nothing I like more than lying on the sofa with a good mystery novel.
I’ve never really liked reading biographies. I find them incredibly boring.
I can’t stand reading self-help books! Who has time to take all the advice?
1. I prefer .
2. I don’t mind .
3. There’s nothing I like more than .
4. I’ve never really liked .
5. I can’t stand .
112 | Say what kind of books and films you prefer • Unit 21 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
How interesting is it?
A B C
It’s a real page-turner. It’s a real nail-biter. I was bored to death.
I was on the edge of my

I couldn’t put it down. It put me to sleep.
seat.
I tried, but I just couldn’t

It’s a must-read. It’s a must-see.
finish it.
PERFORMANCE
Role A
You are bored. Ask a friend if he / she can suggest a film or book to you. Before you ask,
write some of your preferences and questions.
Role B
A friend would like you to suggest a book or film. Before you can make your suggestion, you
will need to find out about your friend’s preferences. What questions will you ask?
Word Power
Who does it?

1. A person who writes novels is a novel .
2. A person who writes poetry is a po .
3. A person who writes plays is a play .
4. A person who writes essays is an essay .
5. A person who writes biographies is a biograph .
6. A person who is a history expert is a histor .
7. A person who draws pictures for books is an illustrat .
-er -et -ian -ist -or -wright
My notes
114 | Say what kind of books and films you prefer • Unit 21 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Culture Corner
What are the classics in your country?

Every country has its own classics. What are the classics in your culture?
Use the list below to help you brainstorm some items.
Writers:
Books:
Poems:
Films:
Which would you suggest to someone who’d like to learn more about your culture?
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): PhotoDisc, iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 22
Summarize the plot of a book or film

to spoil (= ruin) obstacle in the end vs. at the end (of)

spoiler monster Using present tenses to tell stories
plot line to threaten
enemy made for each other
to overcome forever (= unlimited time)
journey treasure
quest far and wide
rags to fail
to transform eventually
transformation (to find a) solution
time and again to resolve
evil rotten tomato (extension
activity)
WARM-UP
– What did you do over the weekend?

– Ted and I went to the movies. We saw An Appointment
with Romance.
– I haven’t heard of it. What’s it about?
– Well, it’s about two very serious, successful business
people who meet at a conference abroad. For both of
them, their careers are their number one priority, but after
the conference they can’t stop thinking about each other.
Of course, this causes problems, and …
– Wait, no spoilers! I might want to see it! Does it have a
happy ending?
– What do you think?
116 | Summarize the plot of a book or film • Unit 22 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
READING
Five typical plot lines

Transformation Rags to riches Quest Overcoming the enemy Love story
∎ Plot line 1:
In its classic form, two people meet, not knowing they are made for each other.
After a while, they realize they are in love. They have to overcome obstacles so
they can be together forever. The ending is usually happy, but can also be tragic.
▶ Your example(s):
∎ Plot line 2:
In these stories, a problem or bad guy—a monster, a virus, or some evil person—
threatens to destroy someone, a group of people, or the world. A hero, sometimes
a superhero, after failing several times, eventually saves the world. Many action
films follow this plot line.
∎ Plot line 3:
The main character struggles against her background or a personal problem,
trying to improve her life. Time and again, she comes close, but isn’t able to reach
her goal. In the end, however, she always succeeds. The typical feel-good story.
∎ Plot line 4:
The hero of the story sets out on a journey to find a lost object or treasure. He
travels far and wide to find it, fighting enemies along the way. He brings the item
back and is celebrated by everyone. Classic adventure story stuff.
∎ Plot line 5:
There are several versions of this plot line, but all involve some kind of change in
the main character. This may be a physical change or a change in how the
character sees herself or the world. At the end of the story, she’s usually a better
person than she was at the beginning.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Summarize the plot of a book or film • Unit 22 | 117
Word Power
in the end vs. at the end
In the end is an idiom. It means finally, eventually, or after considering everything. It is
often at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence and followed by a comma.
• School was a struggle for Stanley, but he never stopped trying. In the end, he
earned his diploma.
• They seriously considered moving to the countryside, but in the end, they stayed in
the city.
• It may take a long time, but Detective Jones always finds the bad guys in the end.
At the end is mostly used as a prepositional phrase and has a literal meaning. It is
usually followed by of + noun.
• At the end of their quest, the heroes found their treasure.
• Everyone went home at the end of the movie.
• The story was very sad. I cried at the end (of it).
1. They thought their relationship would last forever, but , they had to break
up.
2. A rich and successful man, it was only of his life that Monroe had regrets.
3. of the day, there’s nothing I like more than relaxing in front of the TV.
4. They looked around and they looked at the map again; , they decided to
follow the sun.
My notes
118 | Summarize the plot of a book or film • Unit 22 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
What’s it about?
Title:
Type of book / film:
Main character(s):
Setting:
Backstory:
Main character’s purpose or goal:
Problems or obstacles that need to be overcome:
Steps taken to resolve problems:
Ending:
PERFORMANCE
Use your notes to summarize the plot of a book you read or a movie you saw.
When you give your summary, remember to use present tenses!
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, Berlitz, iStockphoto, Thomas ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Stefflbauer, Berlitz, Getty Images
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Summarize the plot of a book or film • Unit 22 | 119
UNIT 23
React to rumors and innuendo

rumor (rumour UK) argument Using reflexive pronouns vs. each other. For
to imply to break up (with example: We don’t blame each other. We
to read between the lines someone) blame ourselves.
to come up (= about to to pass by Reacting to gossip and rumors; checking
implied information
happen) There’s a rumor going
around that … Reflexive pronoun vs. object pronoun. For
gossip (n., v.)
I don’t know this for a example: Paul blames himself. Paul blames
obvious us. (extension activity)
fact, but …
(one’s) days are
numbered utterly (ridiculous)
to raise (one’s) voice A little birdie told me.
raised voices (extension activity)
Where did you get that I heard it through the
idea? grapevine. (extension
activity)
couple (in romantic
sense) I got it straight from the
horse’s mouth. (extension
to keep (something) to activity)
(one)self
WARM-UP
– Hey, why do you look so upset?

– Hanna and Zoli were whispering—and it was obvious they
didn’t want me to hear them.
– Maybe they were talking about something important.
– I think they were gossiping about me. I mean, isn’t that
what their whispering implies?
– Not really. They’re your friends, aren’t they? And your
birthday is coming up, isn’t it?
– You’re right. Maybe I did read between the lines a bit …
– Yes! I bet they’re planning a surprise for you.
Tip! rumor rumour
120 | React to rumors and innuendo • Unit 23 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
LISTENING 36 • 37 • 38 • 39
What are you implying?

Conversation A Conversation B Conversation C Conversation D
1. a host and her guest
2. two coworkers
3. two friends
4. two university students
1. Well, don’t believe everything you hear! We’re just friends.

2. So, you think I should wait until she’s calmed down a bit.
3. Oh! You mean they’re going to fire him?
4. Ah, yes. Well, I should be leaving soon. I’m sure you’ve had a long day!
GRAMMAR
Are they talking about themselves or each other?
I said the wrong thing and totally embarrassed myself in front of everybody.
It’s not a rumor! The director himself told me the news.
Don’t tell anyone else about this. Keep this information to yourselves.
I’m talking about myself. → We are talking about ourselves.

I’m talking about you. You are talking about me. → We are talking about each other.
Julia blamed herself for the problem. George blamed himself. → They blamed themselves.
Julia blamed George for the problem. George blamed Julia. → They blamed each other.
Your turn!
1. An old friend called me last night. It’s the first time we’d spoken to in years.
2. Carl and Linda had an argument last night, and now they aren’t speaking to .
3. For their tenth anniversary, the Harpers decided to treat to a second honeymoon.
4. Sometimes it’s difficult for us to see as others see us. Don’t you agree?
5. When Iris walked in, Amy and Jo were talking to ; but when Iris passed by, they
stopped.
6. You guys can only blame for the rumor. You should have stopped it earlier.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. React to rumors and innuendo • Unit 23 | 121
Useful Expressions
Reacting to gossip and rumors Checking implied information
– I hear Jill and Martin have broken up. – It’s pretty cold in here, isn’t it?
– Really? I don’t believe it! – Would you like me to turn the air
conditioner off?
– There’s a rumor going around that the
company’s moving to India. – Let’s just say I wouldn’t make any big
– Don’t believe everything you hear. plans if I were you.
– What are you saying? They’re going to
– I don’t know this for a fact, but I heard fire me?
they’re going to cut our salaries next
year. – From what I’ve heard, Alina’s not going
– That’s utterly ridiculous! Where did you to be around much longer.
get that idea? – You mean she’s leaving the company?
PERFORMANCE
Role A
1. You want your friend to do something for you, but

don’t tell him or her directly! Imply what it is you would
like your friend to do.
2. You heard some gossip about your friend. Find out if

it’s true.
Role B
1. You’ve heard a rumor about your friend’s school,
workplace, or neighborhood. Tell your friend what you
heard.
2. You heard some information that may affect your

coworker’s plans for the near future. Don’t tell your
coworker exactly what it was that you heard—imply
it! (Tip! Use if I were you).
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. React to rumors and innuendo • Unit 23 | 123
Word Power
Where did you hear that?
1. A little birdie told me.
2. I heard it through the grapevine.
3. I got it straight from the horse’s mouth.
a. You heard information that is going around as gossip.
b. You know who told you the information, but you don’t want to say who it was.
c. You heard the information from a person directly connected with it, from the source.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, Getty Images, Getty Images ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 24
Apologize to a friend
to argue No harm done. Apologizing and responding to apologies.

to smash to accept an apology For example: I owe you an apology. No
to hurt (one’s) feelings Apology accepted. hard feelings.
to offend to make up for
accidentally (something)
I owe you an apology. (How) can I make it up to
to let (someone) down you?
No hard feelings. to slip (one’s) mind
WARM-UP
What has happened?

How serious is the situation?
How would they apologize?
Tip! to apologize
to apologise
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Apologize to a friend • Unit 24 | 125

What do we apologize for?
• bumping into someone • forgetting to do something • offending someone

• being late • accidentally damaging something • hurting someone
• • •
• • •
• • •
Useful Expressions
Apologizing
– I didn’t mean what I said. I hope you can forgive me.

– It’s all right, really. Apology accepted.
– I owe you an apology. You were right and I was wrong. No hard feelings?
– Not at all. Forget it.
– I must apologize. I promised to get back to you earlier on this.

– That’s all right. It wasn’t that urgent.
– I’m really sorry to let you down, but something’s come up.
– Don’t worry about it. I know how it is.
– I’m terribly sorry! It was an accident. Let me help you clean it up.
– No harm done. It could happen to anyone.
Your turn!
1. You told a neighbor you would stop by on Saturday. You completely forgot about it.
2. You have been very busy, and it’s been weeks since you last spoke to your friend.
3. You got into an argument with your sister / brother and said some not-too-nice things.
126 | Apologize to a friend • Unit 24 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

LISTENING 40 • 41 • 42 • 43
How did they apologize?
1. Oh! I’m . Are ?

Let me .
2. Oh, no. I’m . That was .

Is there ?
3. I’m ! Please .
I promise .
4. I said some pretty awful things, but I .

I can’t .
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Apologize to a friend • Unit 24 | 127

PERFORMANCE
1. You are half an hour late for a lunch date with your
friend. When you arrive, apologize and give an excuse.
2. A friend asked you to help him / her move, and you

forgot. You get to your friend’s new house, and he / she
is already done. Apologize.
3. At a party, you accidentally spill something on the

carpet. Apologize to the host.
4.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Getty Images, Getty Images, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Getty Images, Getty Images
128 | Apologize to a friend • Unit 24 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

UNIT 25
Tell a weather-related story

blizzard sleet such vs. so. For example: I’ve never seen such
snowed in hail bad weather. The snow was so heavy it caused
bitter (cold) flurries
huge trees to fall.
chilly snowstorm Weather-related idioms and expressions: a
breeze; rain or shine; snowed under; a stormy
freezing (cold) severe relationship; under the weather (extension
mild (weather) to blow (down / off) activity)
scorching (hot) power line
breeze interior (room)
breezy hurricane-force winds
blustery tree (branch)
sprinkle (= light rain) saw (n., v.)
lightning chain saw
thunder to clear away
(thunder)storm I can’t believe my eyes!
WARM-UP
– How was your trip to the Caribbean?

– We never made it.
– Really? What happened?
– We got snowed in.
– Oh! Was your trip the same week as the blizzard?
– Unfortunately, it was.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Tell a weather-related story • Unit 25 | 129

What was the weather like?
bitter mild breezy sprinkle hail flurries

freezing warm windy raining sleet snow
cold hot blustery pouring snowstorm
chilly scorching thunderstorm blizzard
cool freezing rain
GRAMMAR
It was so cold my car wouldn’t start
such + adjective + noun I have never seen such bad weather before.
There was such a strong wind I could hardly control my car.
such + noun Driving in such conditions can be extremely dangerous.
so + adjective The snow was so heavy it caused huge trees to fall.

so + adverb It was snowing so heavily they warned us to stay home.
so + much/many/few/little There were so many accidents traffic completely stopped.
There was so much snow it took days to clear all the roads.
130 | Tell a weather-related story • Unit 25 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Such or so?
1. Death Valley, California can get hot that people can really suffer from the heat.
2. It was a bad storm we were actually afraid the house would be damaged.
3. The hail came down hard it broke car windows.
4. We are having beautiful weather I’ve been walking to work.
5. In winter, there are few people around that many stores close down until spring.
6. I’m never going there again. I’ve never experienced cold weather in my life!
LISTENING 44
What’s your weather story?

My (1) weather experience was a few years ago,
during the summer. We usually have quite a few (2)
in summer, but this was like nothing I have ever seen. The
weather service had issued a (3) weather warning
for rain and (4) winds. They were not joking. We sat
in an interior room with no windows, and later no power, hearing
huge tree (5) and other things flying by like they
weighed nothing. I was afraid the roof would get (6) ,
or that a tree would come (7) through a window.
Fortunately, that didn’t happen.
When it was all over, we looked outside. I couldn’t (8)

my eyes! We couldn’t get to the street from our door, there were (9)
branches. We had to cut and (10) our way out. When we finally did get to the street, I
was (11) . The whole street was full of branches and (12) trees and
power lines. It took the city days to clear it all away. I hope I never have to experience weather like
that again.

PERFORMANCE
Think of a time when you were affected in some way by

the weather. Tell a story about your experience. Try to
include as much detail as you can. Below are some
questions you should answer in your story.
• What kind of weather was involved?

• When was this?
• Where were you?
• Who were you with?
• What happened because of the weather?
• How did you feel at the time?
My notes
132 | Tell a weather-related story • Unit 25 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Word Power
Weather-related idioms and expressions

1. – Was the test easy?
– Really easy. It was .
2. – Are you free this week?

– I’m afraid not. I’m with work at the moment.
3. – What’s wrong with Tim?

– He’s been feeling all week. I think he has the flu.
4. – I see John and Laura aren’t talking to each other again.

– Yeah, well, they always have had a rather .
5. – Are you coming to our party on Saturday?

– Definitely. I’ll be there .
rain or shine snowed under stormy relationship under the weather a breeze
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, Berlitz, Thomas Stefflbauer, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Thomas Stefflbauer, Thomas Stefflbauer, Getty Images,
Thomas Stefflbauer

UNIT 26
Discuss the possible impact of

climate change
(to have an) impact species Describing change with -er and -er. For example:
sled habitat better and better, hotter and hotter, more and
to go sledding coast more, less and less, fewer and fewer
(You’ll) just have to live coastal Adjectives followed by the subjunctive. For
with it. example: It is essential (that) we cut our use of
precipitation fossil fuels.
to rise disease
(water) level to contaminate
sea level unusable
drought necessary
(North) Pole essential
polar ice critical
to melt mandatory
WARM-UP
– I can’t believe how chilly it’s been! I actually had to put a

coat on this morning—in the middle of summer!
– Me, too! And remember the past winter? How warm it
was? I think there were what, two weeks when we had to
turn the heat on?
– Don’t remind me. I bought a sled for my kids, and they
didn’t get to use it once. When I was their age, we’d be
out sledding every single day!
– Well, I guess it’s true what they say about climate
change. The weather is becoming more and more
unpredictable.
– And I guess we’ll just have to live with it.
134 | Discuss the possible impact of climate change • Unit 26 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Are winters getting milder and milder?
• Periods of drought
will be longer and
longer.
• Sea levels are rising

higher and higher.
• Polar ice is melting

faster and faster.
drought melting polar ice rising sea levels
• There could be more
and more extreme
weather events.
• There may be less

and less fresh
drinking water.
• There will be fewer

and fewer animal
species. floods hurricanes tornadoes
Your turn!
1. The weather won’t get better and better.

→ ?
2. Summers might not be warmer and warmer.

→ ?
3. There probably won’t be more and more snow.

→ ?
4. Winters won’t be getting colder and colder.

→ ?
5. There won’t be more and more beaches.

→ ?
6. There won’t be fewer and fewer endangered species.

→ ?
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Discuss the possible impact of climate change • Unit 26 | 135
READING
What could happen as a result?
• As global temperatures increase, the habitats for some

disease-carrying insects are expanding. More and more
people could be affected by these diseases.
• There could be more extreme weather events. Hurricanes

could get stronger and stronger. The weather could get
hotter and hotter.
• Because of rising sea levels, coastal areas could be

flooded. Salt in the seawater could contaminate soil and
water supplies.
• Higher temperatures mean more and heavier precipitation. Land that is already wet may
become unusable.
GRAMMAR
It’s urgent we find solutions
We must find ways to slow global warming. This is necessary.

→ It is necessary (that) we find ways to slow global warming.
The government needs to educate the public about climate change. This is essential.
→ It is essential (that) the government educate the public about climate change.
All countries have to reduce their carbon footprint. This is critical.

→ It is critical (that) all countries reduce their carbon footprint.
Plastic must be recycled. This should be mandatory.

→ It should be mandatory (that) plastic be recycled.
Tip! It is mandatory (that) Frank pay the fine for not recycling.
It is mandatory (that) Frank should pay the fine for not recycling.
It is mandatory (that) Frank pays the fine for not recycling.
What can we do?
We should switch to
We need to reduce our We have to cut the use of
renewable sources of
carbon footprint. fossil fuels.
energy.
We should drive less and Leaders of countries

Everyone should try to
take public transportation must work together to
buy local products.
more. find solutions.
PERFORMANCE
Think about your country or the country you are living in.
1. What aspects of climate change could have the greatest impact on the country?
2. How do you think the country will be affected?
3. How do you think it will affect the world?
4. What do you think should be done?
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Discuss the possible impact of climate change • Unit 26 | 137
Climate change quiz
True False
1. Sea levels will rise 1–4 ft. (≈ 30–120 cm) by 2100.
Over the next century, the average global temperature is forecast to
2.
increase 2.5–10°F (≈ 1.4–5.6°C).
By the middle of this century, the Arctic will be without ice during the
3.
summers.
If all the world’s polar ice and glaciers were to melt, the sea level would rise
4.
230 ft (≈ 70 m).
5. The number of people affected by flooding per year could triple by 2030.
Approximately 51% of Australia’s Great Barrier Reef has been damaged by

6.
climate change.
Ninety-seven percent of researchers agree that climate change is a fact and
7.
that human activity is a major cause.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Jupiter Images, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age Fotostock, Getty Images, Age
Fotostock
UNIT 27
Explain how something is made or

done
process (n.) bill (banknote UK) Steps in a process. For example: Once
procedure coin you’ve (done that) …, to finish off, And
step to peel
that’s it., etc.
step-by-step paper-thin Passive to describe a process. For
example: The potatoes are peeled.
First things first deep-fried
Once you’ve (done that) … fryer
finally to sprinkle
lastly life hack (extension
to finish off activity)
And that’s it. unusual (extension
vending machine activity)
dispenser trick (extension activity)
contactless (payment) sticky note (extension
activity)
mass transit (public or city
transport UK) rubber band (extension
activity)
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Explain how something is made or done • Unit 27 | 139
WARM-UP
to make or assemble to prepare a favorite food or to use a machine or piece of

something drink equipment
to repair something to explain an official

procedure
My notes
140 | Explain how something is made or done • Unit 27 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
What are the steps?
First Then Finally

Before you start … After that … Before you finish …
First of all … Once you’ve done that … To finish off …
First things first … The next step is … The final step is …
To begin … And then you … And that’s it.
Firstly … Secondly … , Thirdly … And lastly …
How to purchase a mass transit ticket from a ticket vending machine

1. , choose your language. The languages available are shown at the
bottom of the touchscreen.
2. , decide what type of ticket you would like to purchase, and select it.
3. , you will need to pay for your ticket. To the right of the touchscreen you
can see your options. You can pay in cash (using coins or bills), with a traditional credit or debit
card, or with a contactless form of payment.
4. , take your ticket, change, and receipt from the dispenser beneath the
touchscreen.
GRAMMAR
How are they made?
After the potatoes are delivered, they must be peeled.

Following that, the potatoes are washed in cold water.
In the next step, potatoes are cut into paper-thin slices and washed again.
The potatoes are then deep-fried. As they leave the fryer, salt is sprinkled on them.
Once the chips have been salted, they are moved to a packaging machine.
Bags of chips are hand-packed into boxes, which will be shipped to stores across the
country.
Let me tell you how
How to
Things you’ll need:
Key terms:
Steps:
PERFORMANCE
You have been asked to give a short presentation on how something is made or done. Before
you start, look over your notes.
• Are there any special terms or expressions you will need to explain?
• Have you left out any critical steps?
• Are there any unnecessary details you could cut?
• Are there any steps that can be combined into one sentence?
Once you’ve reviewed your notes, give your presentation.
My notes
142 | Explain how something is made or done • Unit 27 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
FYI
Life hacks are little tips and tricks that can help make life easier or help us save time.
They often use everyday objects in unusual ways to do simple tasks. Here are some
examples:
• Use your sunglasses as a smartphone holder when watching videos.
• Put your phone in an empty glass to make the sound of the alarm or music louder.
• Put a big rubber band across the top of paint can to wipe the brush and keep paint
off the can.
• If you’re at a hotel and don’t have a charger, check the TV for a USB port.
• Use a sticky note to clean around the keys on your laptop keyboard.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): PhotoDisc, Age Fotostock, Berlitz, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
PhotoDisc, Getty Images
UNIT 28
Plan a competition for an upcycling

or recycling campaign
campaign to dispose of The prefix re-. For example: to reconsider,

to upcycle potential to redo, to repurpose, to rework, to
garbage to protect
reappear, etc.
to throw (something) to harvest
away / out to mine
to reduce (= decrease) to extract
to give away extraction
basket operation
to reuse wildlife
to redesign (paragraph) heading
to repurpose contest (n.)
to rethink contestant
to rework target
to reappear
WARM-UP
– I think we need to clear out all this stuff.

– What, you want to throw it away?
– You want to keep it? There are boxes in here we haven’t
opened in years!
– I just hate the thought of everything ending up in
a landfill. Those old toys, for example, they could be given
away. And I’m sure I could use that basket for something.
– Well, let’s try using the rule of three Rs. You know: reduce,
reuse, recycle.
– All right. So, when do you want to start?
144 | Plan a competition for an upcycling or recycling campaign • Unit 28 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
GRAMMAR
Can it be repurposed?
consider do purpose think work design organize
send use write appear examine build arrange
• My neighbor repurposed an old table. She turned it into a desk.

• By reusing plastic bags, we help reduce the need to make more.
• Some companies are redesigning their packaging to make it more eco-friendly.
• My first idea didn’t work the way I thought it would. I’ll need to rethink it.
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Plan a competition for an upcycling or recycling campaign • Unit 28 | 145
READING
What are the benefits of recycling?
1. Recycling
Recycling wood and paper means fewer trees and forests
need to be cut down. Recycling plastic reduces our use of
fossil fuel supplies. Recycling metal means there is less
need for expensive and damaging mining operations.
2. Recycling
Recycling helps preserve natural habitats with less growing,
harvesting, extracting of resources. Recycling also reduces
the amount of garbage that could end up polluting the
environment.
3. Recycling
Producing new products from recycled aluminum, steel, glass, and paper uses significantly less
energy than producing the same products for the first time. And by using less energy, we
decrease our carbon emissions.
4. Recycling
Sending recyclable materials to a landfill is a huge waste of potential resources. Landfills also
contaminate our land and water, and produces greenhouse gases.
5. Recycling
For local governments, it is cheaper to recycle than to collect and dispose of waste. This means
they have more funds available for development and other programs.
6. Recycling
More jobs are created in the recycling and manufacturing industries than if trash were
incinerated and new resources were used.
conserves natural resources reduces landfill waste creates jobs

saves money saves energy protects the Earth and its wildlife
Brainstorming a competition
1. What is the purpose of the competition?

to promote recycling to increase awareness
to promote upcycling
2. Who is the target of competition?

children general public teenagers
company employees local community
3. What do you want contestants to do?

create a piece of art about recycling repurpose items as art
upcycle items to something practical
4. What will the winner(s) get?

an award or prize money
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Plan a competition for an upcycling or recycling campaign • Unit 28 | 147
PERFORMANCE
You are on this year’s committee to plan the annual

recycling / upcycling competition.
You and the other committee members will be meeting for

the first time to discuss your ideas.
Together, try to reach a decision on
1. The purpose of the competition:
2. The kind of competition:
3. Who can participate:
4. The prize or award:
5. Other details:
ONLINE PRACTICE

iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto
UNIT 29
Create a description of an event for

posting online
private (event) alumni (association) Passive voice, future forms. For example:
details to take a trip down The parade is going to be held from nine
Whoa! memory lane until noon. The State Fair will be opened by
to find time (extension the governor.
(social media) page
activity) Expressions with time (extension activity)
invitation
garage sale to kill time (extension
activity)
yard sale
to make time (for)
invite (n.) (extension activity)
to RSVP to waste time (extension
alma mater activity)
alumnus (m.) / alumna (f.) to take up time (extension
activity)
WARM-UP
– How are the plans going for your birthday party?

– Great! I’m just getting ready to post the details on my
page.
– Whoa! You’re doing what?! You have three hundred
friends on this social networking site! We can’t have
hundreds of people in the house.
– Don’t worry! I’ve made it a private event. Only people I
invite will be able to see it.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Create a description of an event for posting online • Unit 29 | 149
What kind of event?
• celebration • concert •
• class reunion • contest •
• club meeting • festival •
• community event • garage sale •
GRAMMAR
Where will it be held?
We are going to hold our annual picnic at Riverside Park this year.
→ Our annual picnic is going to be held at Riverside Park this year.
They will announce the winners of the recycling competition then.

→ The winners of the recycling competition will be announced then.
Several local bands will provide the music.

→ The music will be provided by several local bands.
Your turn!
1. An environmental group will organize the contest.

→
2. Is a musician going to open the event this year?

→
3. Our company is going to sponsor the marathon.

→
4. They will give prizes for the best pictures.

→
5. They will hold the annual music festival from June 2nd to June 5th.
→
6. Will they serve food there?

→
150 | Create a description of an event for posting online • Unit 29 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
LISTENING 45
Has it been that long?

1. Event:
2. Organized by:
3. Date: 4. Time:
5. RSVP by: 6. Location:
Details:
Tip! RSVP is the abbreviation for Répondez s’il vous plaît, a French phrase
meaning Please respond.
Alma mater comes from Latin and means generous mother.
My notes
PERFORMANCE
Event:
Type of event: Public Private

Hosted / Organized by:
✍ Date: ✍ Time:
✍ Location: ✍ RSVP: *
Details:
*private event only
My notes
152 | Create a description of an event for posting online • Unit 29 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Word Power
Expressions with time
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Thomas ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Stefflbauer
UNIT 30
Review
OBJECTIVES LADDER
Now you can …
Create a description of an event for posting online
Plan a competition for an upcycling or recycling campaign
Explain how something is made or done
Discuss the possible impact of climate change
Tell a weather-related story
Apologize to a friend
React to rumors and innuendo
Summarize the plot of a book or film
Say what kind of books and films you prefer

PRACTICE
GOAL 21
What do you prefer?

1. I can’t stand a. watching film versions of books, but
the books are usually better.
2. There’s nothing I like b. liked poetry, although I don’t know

why.
3. I prefer comedies c. more than a good detective story.
4. I’ve never really d. to science fiction.
5. I don’t mind e. watching documentaries because

they usually put me to sleep.
GOAL 22 46
What happened in the end?
The main character of our story sets out on a (1)

to find a lost treasure. He searches (2) , up
mountains and across deserts. He has to (3) what
seem like impossible (4) . (5) , he
feels like giving up and ending his journey. (6) , he
does find the treasure—but now he has to get it home …
My notes

GOAL 23
They helped themselves or they helped each other?

1. Have you two met yet? Let me introduce you.
a. each other b. ourselves c. themselves d. yourselves
2. You don’t need to come to the door with us. We can show out.
3. Zara and Brent have worked with for years and years.
4. Please help to tea or coffee while you're waiting.

5. They don’t need any help from us. They can do the work .
6. We blamed for missing the project deadline. We didn’t work efficiently enough.
My notes

GOAL 24
No harm done
1. I apologize for missing our appointment. It my mind.
a. let b. slipped c. went out of
2. I know I you .
a. left … down b. let … down c. put … up
3. I’m really sorry. How can I to you?

a. make it up b. make up it c. make up for
4. I you an apology. You were right.

a. give b. make c. owe
5. I hope I didn’t your feelings.

a. damage b. hurt c. injure
6. Apology accepted. No feelings.

a. hard b. harm c. hurt
GOAL 25
So or such?
1. Their room was cold, they had to wear

their coats!
2. It was a lovely day yesterday, we decided

to eat lunch outside.
3. The storm came fast, we didn’t have time

to go inside.
4. There were many people on the beach we

couldn’t find a place to sit.
5. We had no idea they were having many

problems with the heating.
6. The thunder was loud, we jumped at the

sound.

GOAL 26
Will climate change have a big impact?
1. We must act now to slow the effects of climate change. (It is essential)
→
2. Every year, the amount of polar ice melting is increasing. (more and more)
→
3. The average global temperature is increasing. (climb / higher and higher)

→
4. Should children have to learn about climate change in school? (Should it be mandatory)
→
5. Is the amount of fresh drinking water decreasing? (less and less)

→
GOAL 27
How do you book a flight online?

a.
Once you’ve done that, you can pay for your flight.
b.
First, you put in your information including departure and arrival dates.
c.
You will get a list of flights that you can take. You choose the flights that work best for
you.
d.
To finish off, you can print out your ticket at home or use your confirmation code to print
a ticket at the airport.
e.
Then you choose the kind of ticket you want to purchase—one way or round trip, economy
or business class, etc.
f.
After that, you choose your seats before you pay for your flight.

GOAL 28
Do you reuse them?
1. It’s better for the environment to buy

batteries, isn’t it?
2. When traveling, do you have to your

flight reservations?
3. Our idea for upcycling aluminum cans didn’t work.

We’ll have to it.
4. I like to the plastic boxes ice cream

comes in. They make great storage containers.
5. I’m sure everyone would love to see you. Are you

sure you won’t and come anyway?
reuse rethink reconsider reconfirm rechargeable
GOAL 29
How many people will be invited?

Use the active or passive form of will + the verb in parentheses ( ) to complete each sentence.
1. Our annual end-of-year party (hold)

on December 16th at the Hillsborough Hotel.
2. A professional event-planning company

(organize) it.
3. The new bookstore (open) by a

well-known novelist.
4. He (sign) his books while he is there.
5. The bookstore owner

(announce) the winners of the competition.
6. Prizes (award) for the most

creative and the most practical contest entries.

YOUR TURN!
GOAL 21
What books would you take?
You have accepted a challenge to live on an island by

yourself for three months. All the basic necessities (food,
water, a place to live, medical supplies) will be provided,
but there is no internet and no television. You can take five
books with you.
What five books would you choose and why?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
GOAL 22
What was it about?
Role A
Tell your partner about the last film you saw.
• What type of film was it?

• What is the summary of the plot?
• Who were the main characters?
• How interesting was it?
• Would you recommend it? Why or why not?

Role B
Tell your partner about the last book you read.
• What type of book was it?

• What is the summary of the plot?
• Who were the main characters?
• How interesting was it?
• Would you recommend it? Why or why not?
GOAL 23
I heard it through the grapevine
Role A
You have heard a rumor that the company you work for is planning to reduce the staff of one
of its departments. A friend of yours works in that department. You don’t know if the rumor
is true. Try to learn more from your friend without telling him / her about the rumor you
heard.
Role B
You have recently heard a rumor that the company you work for is planning to close down
its offices in your city. It is going to move its offices to a nearby country. A friend of yours
works for the same company. Tell your friend about the rumor you’ve heard.
My notes

GOAL 24
I’m so sorry!
Role A
You were supposed to go to the movies with a friend last night. You had planned to meet at
the movie theater at 8:00 p.m. All day long yesterday, you were rearranging furniture and
redecorating your place, and after dinner you were so tired, you fell asleep. When you woke
up, it was after midnight.
Call your friend and apologize.
Role B
You and your friend were supposed to go to the movies last night. You had planned to meet
at the movie theater at 8:00 p.m. You were waiting and waiting for your friend to show up,
and when you tried to call there was no answer. In the end, you watched the movie by
yourself.
Your phone is ringing. Answer it.
My notes

GOAL 25
Did the weather affect your plans?
Ask your partner about a time the weather affected a

vacation or other trip. Ask about the following things:
• the weather conditions

• how long it lasted
• who was involved
• what happened as a result
• how the plans changed
Then, report your partner’s experience to the class.
GOAL 26
The world in 2050
It is the year 2050. Although researchers warned everyone

about climate change for decades, little was done to slow
down the process.
What impact do you think climate change has had / is

having on the world of 2050?

GOAL 27
How is that done?
Choose one:
1. Explain how an appliance you use regularly works.
2. Explain how to make your favorite quick meal.
3. Explain how to report a problem with a bill.
4. Explain how to install an update on your phone or computer.
5.
GOAL 28
Recycling or upcycling?
Role A
You have been asked to help plan a contest for your community. Soon, you will be meeting
with other people in your community to discuss ideas. Personally, you think people would
benefit most from an upcycling contest. List your reasons below.
1.
2.
3.
When you are ready, go to the meeting.
Role B
You have been asked to help plan a contest for your community. Soon, you will be meeting
with other people in your community to discuss ideas. Personally, you think people would
benefit most from a recycling contest. List your reasons below.
1.
2.
3.
When you are ready, go to the meeting.

GOAL 29
Let's celebrate!
Fairly soon, you will finish this level of your English

course. With your partner(s), plan an end-of-course
celebration. Decide when and where it will be held, who
will be invited, what kind of entertainment will be
provided, and so on.

within this unit): iStockphoto, PhotoDisc, Age Fotostock, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Shutterstock, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto,
iStockphoto, Age Fotostock, iStockphoto

UNIT 31
Report problems with orders

chipped set of (plates) Time expressions in reported speech. For

delivery shipping example: The customer told the rep she had
lost (order) shipment ordered the plates the previous week. The rep
told the customer he they would deliver them the
to check the availability business day following week.
(of) in that case Using by vs. until (extension activity)
You’re in luck! help desk
WARM-UP
missing item wrong item damaged item late delivery / lost order
My notes
166 | Report problems with orders • Unit 31 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
LISTENING 47
How can I help you?

1. The woman is calling because some of the plates she ordered last week .
a. were chipped b. were cracked
2. She was offered a .

a. replacement b. refund
3. Shipping could take up to .

a. a week b. five business days
4. The customer would rather .

a. have the item shipped b. pick up the item at a nearby store
5. She needs to take the packing slip and with her.

a. the damaged plates b. the whole set of plates
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Report problems with orders • Unit 31 | 167
LANGUAGE FOCUS
He said they had sent it the day before
The rep told me, “We will send it today.” → He told me they would send it that day.
The customer asked, “Will I get it by this → She asked if she would get it by that
Friday?” Friday.
Mark said, “I tried to call them yesterday.” → He said he’d tried to call them the day
before.
I asked, “Why didn’t you place the order last → I asked why you hadn’t placed the order
week?” the week before.
We told them, “We’ll pick it up tomorrow.” → We told them we would pick it up the
following day.
Jim said, “Call us back a month from now.” → He said to call them back a month from
then.
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
now → then
today that day
tonight that night
this morning that morning
yesterday → the day before / previous day

the day before yesterday two days before / earlier
last week the week before / previous week
two years ago two years before / earlier
tomorrow → the next / following day

the day after tomorrow two days from then / later
next week the next / following week
a month from now a month from then / later
Your turn!
1. When I called the company last week, they told me: “We will send the order tomorrow.”
→
2. When they asked about the delivery, I told them: “I received it this morning.”
→
3. I asked the customer service rep: “Will the new version be available a month from now?”
→
4. Paula told us: “I picked up the replacement the day before yesterday.”
→
Useful Expressions
Say why you’re calling: order problems

I’m calling because there’s a problem with my order.
I’m calling about the order I just received. It seems

one of the items is missing.
I’m calling to find out where my order is. It’s been over
two weeks, and it still hasn’t arrived.
It seems there’s something wrong with the item you

sent.
I’d like to return an item I received. It’s the wrong size.
I’m having a problem with the product I ordered from you. It doesn’t work.
My notes
PERFORMANCE
Role A
Think about a problem you have had (or someone you know has had) with an order. Write
the details of the order (what you ordered and when) and the problem.
Now, get in touch with customer service and tell them about the problem.
Role B
You are a customer service representative. You get many calls about problems with orders.
You usually apologize for any inconvenience, and then do your best to help solve the
problem. You can usually replace missing, damaged, lost, or wrong items. When an item
cannot be replaced, you can offer the customer a refund.
Your phone is ringing. Answer it, and write down some of the details the customer gives you
about the order.
My notes
Word Power
Using by vs. until
I can’t wait five days for a replacement.

I need those plates for a dinner party on Saturday.
The customer needs the plates on or before Saturday.

→ She needs them by Saturday.
If you return the broken item, we can send you a replacement.
The company can send a replacement after the broken item is returned.
The company can’t send a replacement before the broken item is returned.
→ They can’t send a replacement until the broken item is returned.
We will finish at six o’clock.
We won’t finish before six. → We won’t finish until six.
1. When is our essay due? It’s due the end of this week.
2. What time will you be back? I’ll be back 4:00 p.m.
3. How long will your boss be out of town? She’s away next Monday.
4. How late are you open today? We’re open 9:30 p.m.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Age Fotostock, Age Fotostock, Mike Collins, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto, Thinkstock
UNIT 32
Ask about and explain customs or

other fees on packages
to clear customs (customs) duty Present participles as subjects. For

customs clearance notice example: Having to pay such a high
postage on (one’s) way handling fee was annoying.
difference to apply to (someone /
thereabouts something)
courier (service) excise tax (∼ duty UK)
handling fee (customs) value
on top of (that) certain (= fixed; specific)
to figure recipient
actually tracking number
to amount to
WARM-UP
– I have a package for you.

– Great! I’ve been waiting for this. It was in customs for
weeks.
– Yes, customs clearance can take a while.
– I know. And the customs fees cost more than what’s in
the package!
– I’ve heard that from customers before. Unfortunately,
there’s nothing we can do about it.
172 | Ask about and explain customs or other fees on packages • Unit 32 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
LISTENING 48 • 49
What fees did they have to pay?
Conversation A Conversation B
1. Fran received a notice about . 1. The T-shirts the man ordered cost .
a. a letter b. a package a. $20 b. $25
2. If she wants it, she will have to . 2. They figured the duty would be .
a. sign for it b. pay extra postage a. about €5 b. around €15
3. She wants . 3. The courier service added a €10 .
a. it delivered b. to pick it up a. customs duty b. handling fee
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Ask about and explain customs or other fees on packages • Unit 32 | 173
What fees may be applied to gifts and purchases from abroad?
1. Customs value
a. is the amount paid for the item.
b. includes shipping costs.
c. includes insurance costs.
2. Customs duty
a. is paid on items over a certain value.
b. is paid on all items imported into the country.
c. does not apply to items that are gifts.
3. VAT / GST / sales tax

a. has to be paid on items over a certain value.
b. is paid on all imported items (gifts and purchases).
c. is based on the customs value + shipping.
4. Excise tax
a. applies only to certain goods, such as alcohol, tobacco, perfume.
b. should be paid on all items.
c. is paid by the sender.
My notes
GRAMMAR
Not realizing we’d have to pay for it, they sent us an expensive present
They require recipients of gifts to pay customs duty. That’s incredible to me.
→ Requiring recipients of gifts to pay customs duty is incredible to me.
Tara didn’t want to pay the fee. She told the post office to return the item to the sender.
→ Not wanting to pay the fee, Tara told the post office to return the item to the sender.
We have to pay customs fees on gifts sent from abroad. That’s annoying.
→ Having to pay customs fees on gifts sent from abroad is annoying.
I didn’t have any ID with me. I couldn’t pick up my package.

→ Not having any ID with me, I couldn’t pick up my package.
1. —I had no idea what the notice from the customs office said. I asked a friend to help me.
→
2. —I didn’t have a tracking number. I couldn’t find the location of my package.

→
3. —I realized that ordering from abroad might end up being more expensive. I decided to look
for a local retailer.
→
4. —I didn’t know how much the fees would amount to. That made me nervous.
→
My notes
PERFORMANCE
Role A
You are from the small country of Taxovia, where the currency is the Taxovia crown (T€).
Over the years, you have had a lot of experience dealing with the Taxovian customs office—
in fact, you have a handy chart that shows the rates on gifts and purchased items imported
into the country.
Gifts from one individual to another individual

Customs value* Import VAT Customs duty
T€ 0 – 45 N/A N/A
T€ 45.01 – 150 20% VAT N/A
T€ 150.01 – 700 20% VAT + 2.5% customs duty
≥ T€ 700.01 20% VAT + customs duties (business rate)**
Purchased goods
Customs value* Import VAT Customs duty
T€ 0 – 22 N/A N/A
T€ 22.01 – 150 20% VAT N/A
T€ 150.01 – 700 20% VAT + customs duty (business rate)**
≥ T€ 700.01 20% VAT + customs duty (business rate)**
A customs clearance fee of T€ 10, is charged for all packages to which either VAT and / or
customs duty have been applied.
*In Taxovia, customs value is determined by the price of the good. It does not include the
cost of shipping and / or insurance.
** Customs duties vary for businesses and can range from 0% – 100% depending on what
the item is and its country of origin.
Role B
You live in the small country of Taxovia, where your currency is the Taxovian crown (T€).
You would like to purchase an item online, but are concerned that you may end up paying a
lot in taxes and / or customs duty. A friend of yours orders online and receives packages
quite often. Ask your friend about the taxes and customs duty.
Role C
You would like to send a gift to a friend of yours in Taxovia, where the currency is the
Taxovian crown (T€). You are concerned, however, that your friend may end up paying a lot
in taxes and / or customs duty. A friend of yours is from Taxovia and sends and receives
packages quite often. Ask your friend about the taxes and customs duties.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, PhotoDisc, iStockphoto ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 33
Describe changes in your country's

economy
Vocabulary & Expressions Grammar Items
economy individuals Adverbs and adjectives to describe degrees of

inflation conservative(ly) change. For example: Inflation has increased
digit markets slightly. There has been a slight increase in
prices.
double-digit to fluctuate
Prepositions used to describe change. For
consumer fluctuation example: They cut the price to $15. The interest
to shrink wild (= erratic) rate dropped by 10%. There was an increase of
shrank / shrunk drop (n., v.) 50%.
confidence considerable, -ly
consumer confidence significant, -ly
(hiring, wage) freeze enormous, -ly
froze / frozen moderate, -ly
to lay off (workers) slightly
WARM-UP
TODAY’S ECONOMY
Inflation up 1% since
January
Double-digit increases in
new home construction
Unemployment falls to
record low
Economy continues to gain
strength
178 | Describe changes in your country's economy • Unit 33 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Is the economy growing or shrinking?
When the economy GROW S When the economy SHRINKS

• consumer confidence increases • consumer confidence decreases
• consumers spend more • consumers spend less
• individuals invest in different markets • individuals invest conservatively
• production increases • production decreases

• more workers are hired • hiring is frozen, workers are laid off
• salaries increase • salaries freeze
• stock markets rise • stock markets fall
GRAMMAR
Taxes have risen slightly
VERB + ADVERB ADJECTIVE + NOUN
Housing prices have risen enormously. There’s been an enormous rise in housing prices.
Production has risen significantly. There’s been a significant rise in production.
Salaries have increased moderately. There’s been a moderate increase in salaries.
Taxes have decreased slightly. There’s been a slight decrease in taxes.
Unemployment has dropped There’s been a considerable drop in unemployment.
considerably. There have been wild fluctuations in the stock
The stock market has fluctuated wildly. market.
increase decrease fluctuate
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe changes in your country's economy • Unit 33 | 179
They increased prices by how much?
Talking about the new number
The price was $30. Now it’s $45. → They raised the price to $45.
VAT used to be 25%. Now it’s 20%. → VAT went down to 20%.
Talking about the difference between the old and the new number
The price was $30. Now it’s $45. → They raised the price by $15 / 50%.
The tax was 15%. Now it’s 12%. → The tax was decreased by 20%.
The minimum wage increased from €10 → There’s been an increase of €2.50 per hour.
to €12.50 per hour.
To, by, or of?
1. Ten years ago, the average salary was $50,000.

Since then, it’s gone up $55,000. That’s an increase 10%.
2. Last year, inflation was 2%. This year, it’s 1.9%.

Inflation has decreased 5% 1.9%.
3. The workers are on strike because their wages have been frozen for five years.
They are demanding the company increase their wages 20%.
My notes
180 | Describe changes in your country's economy • Unit 33 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
PERFORMANCE
What is your country’s economy like? How has it changed in recent years? What do you think
will happen in the future? Some things to consider:
• Unemployment:
• Average salaries:
• Inflation:
• Consumer confidence:
• Stock markets:
• Interest rates:
• Taxes:
• Prices:
•
•
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Berlitz, Berlitz, Berlitz ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe changes in your country's economy • Unit 33 | 181
UNIT 34
Rank and discuss current local

issues
to rob health care (system) Expressions for giving opinions. For

robbery in droves example: If you ask me, … Personally, … As
crime rate behind the times far as I’m concerned, …To be honest, … It
doesn’t matter to me. It makes no
out of control outdated difference to me.
homelessness to go through the roof
poverty underfunded
inequality to throw money at
racism reform (v., n.)
social welfare in shambles
welfare (system) to (not) see eye to eye on
child care something
worrisome (worrying UK)
WARM-UP
– Another robbery! That’s the third one this week!

– The crime rate is really out of control in our area.
– I agree. It seems like that’s all we hear about nowadays:
more and more crime …
– This used to be such a nice, quiet place. When are they
going to do something about it?
182 | Rank and discuss current local issues • Unit 34 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
What are the current issues?
crime health care racism

child care homelessness retirement
education housing social welfare
employment inequality taxes
environment poverty transportation
1.
2.
3.
Time for reform?
The health care system has been underfunded Rents have gone through the roof! If this
for years, and now it’s in shambles. Doctors keeps up, what am I supposed to do? Move
and nurses are leaving in droves! back in with my parents?
The education system is behind the times.

It’s time for serious welfare reform.
The teaching methods are outdated,
They keep throwing money at the problems,
and the equipment is obsolete. We need to
but nothing has improved.
invest in our schools.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Rank and discuss current local issues • Unit 34 | 183
Useful Expressions
Giving opinions
– Aren’t the new online ID cards a great – What do you think about the proposed
idea? changes to the education system?
– If you ask me, it gives the government – Personally, I find it all very disturbing.
access to way too much personal Our children just won’t get the
information. education they need.
– Well, I guess we don’t see eye to eye on – I know what you mean. I think it’s
this. worrisome, too.
– Do you think the government should – I think they should do something about
raise taxes? all the street art in our area, don’t you?
– To be honest, I don’t see why it’s – It doesn’t matter to me, and I like
necessary. looking at the art.
– Don’t you think we need to increase – It would make the area look cleaner,
revenue? though, wouldn’t it?
– As far as I’m concerned, they should – Perhaps, but it makes no difference to
cut spending instead. me.
My notes
184 | Rank and discuss current local issues • Unit 34 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
PERFORMANCE
Choose one current local issue that is important to you.
• What is the specific issue? Give details if possible.
• What is your opinion about it?
• Why is it important to you?
• What (if anything) should be done about it?
Share your opinion with your partner and find out how he / she feels about the issue.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Getty Images, iStockphoto, Getty Images ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Rank and discuss current local issues • Unit 34 | 185
UNIT 35
Compare modes of transportation

and explain your preference
to be tied to Modifying comparisons with as … as: (not) nearly

on the outskirts (of town) as … as / twice as … as / just as … as / almost as
as the crow flies … as / at least as … as. For example: Riding the
bus is not nearly as expensive as taking a taxi.
the long way
If I were in your shoes, …
bikeshare
docking station
it beats … (= it’s better than)
WARM-UP
What modes of transportation do you use?
subway bus tram taxi car
train plane ferry bike walk
186 | Compare modes of transportation and explain your preference • Unit 35 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
How do they prefer to get around?
Conversation 1
a. Tim normally to work.
b. Richard prefers to .
Conversation 2
a. Barbara usually takes and to work.
b. She can get there faster if she takes ,
, , and .
Conversation 3
a. In spring and summer, George uses system.
b. For him, it beats .
GRAMMAR
Driving is at least as expensive as taking the train
just much
nearly many gerund: walking, flying, etc.
at least as often as or noun: buses, cars, etc.
twice fast or pronoun: I, he, etc.
almost expensive
• During rush hour, driving into town takes twice as long as going by bus.
• Taking the train costs just as much as flying!
• There weren’t nearly as many people as I expected on the subway this morning.
• The restaurant’s not far from here. Walking is almost as fast as taking a taxi.
• Take the tram. Trams come at least as often as buses—if not more often.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Compare modes of transportation and explain your preference • Unit 35 | 187
What are the pros and cons?
Traveling around town PROS CONS
Traveling between cities PROS CONS
My notes
188 | Compare modes of transportation and explain your preference • Unit 35 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
PERFORMANCE
1. A friend is visiting your city for the first time. You just found out that you have to work
today, and can’t show her around. Your friend would like to do some shopping or
sightseeing on her own, and wants to know what the best way is to get around.
2. A colleague from another country is flying in for a visit. He would like to know what his
options are for getting from the airport to his hotel.
3. You and some other students would like to visit a city about 200 miles (321 kilometers)
away. Discuss your travel options, and decide which mode(s) of transportation to take.
4.
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Fotostock, iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Jonathan Greathead,
PhotoDisc, Getty Images, Age Fotostock, PhotoDisc
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Compare modes of transportation and explain your preference • Unit 35 | 189
UNIT 36
Talk about what frustrates or annoys

you
bother (n.) to lose sleep Present progressive to express

to not bother to do tight (deadline) annoyance, frustration. For example: She
pet peeve to get the point is constantly telling me what to do.
to pop up to bug (someone) Expressions to describe frustration or
annoyance (extension activity)
to fiddle with (extension activity)
turn signal to get on (one’s) nerves
telemarketing call (extension activity)
all the time a (royal) pain in the neck
continually
to drive (someone) up the
forever (= continually) wall (extension activity)
WARM-UP
– Can you believe it? I told this company to stop sending

me emails, and they sent me three again today!
– I guess they don’t really bother to pay attention to who
they send emails.
– That may be, but can’t they take one minute to take me
off the email list?!
– Take it easy. It’s not the worst thing that can happen to
you.
– I know, but it’s a bother!
190 | Talk about what frustrates or annoys you • Unit 36 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
What are your pet peeves?
ads that interrupt or pop drivers not using their turn

telemarketing calls
up during videos signal
people borrowing things people not responding people not calling when
and not returning them to emails / messages they promised
people fiddling with their

people leaving lights on in people being late to
phones during a
rooms appointments
conversation
1. One of my biggest pet peeves is .

2. I hate it when .
3. It’s really frustrating when .
4. I get really annoyed when .
GRAMMAR
She is constantly telling me what to do!
I am always forgetting where I put my keys.

My new coworker is constantly messaging me with her questions.
Our upstairs neighbors are continually shouting at each other.
Companies are forever calling us with special offers for insurance.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Talk about what frustrates or annoys you • Unit 36 | 191
Your turn!
1. I have to tell my coworker not to talk so loud on the phone. (continually)

→
2. My roommate leaves his clothes all over the place. (forever)

→
3. Ted asks me for money. (constantly)

→
4. People forget to clean up after themselves. (always)

→
My notes
READING
What should they do?
I live downstairs from a woman who must think she is a super

homemaker, because she is forever cleaning. At 5:00 a.m. she starts
vacuuming, washing clothes, doing the dishes, etc. Unfortunately, we
hear all of this. I’ve met her a couple of times, and she seems like a
nice person. I don’t want to upset or offend her, but we are losing sleep
because of the noise. What should we do?
Alfred
I have a colleague who is constantly stopping by my desk to chat. I

like this person, but I have work to do, sometimes with very tight
deadlines. I’ve tried to end the conversation by mentioning the
amount of work I have to do, but he doesn’t seem to get the point. If I
tell him to go away, I’m afraid I will hurt his feelings. What should I do?
Kristina
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Talk about what frustrates or annoys you • Unit 36 | 193
PERFORMANCE
Think of a situation that you found particularly annoying or

frustrating.
• What was the situation?
• What bothered you? Why?
• Who was involved?
• What did you do?
Word Power
Expressions to describe frustration or annoyance
1. He keeps tap, tap, tapping with his pencil. It’s really getting on my .
2. I hate filling out all these forms! It’s a royal pain in the .
3. I have to reset my password again! That really me.
4. Their music is too loud! They are driving me up the .
bugs neck nerves wall
ONLINE PRACTICE

iStockphoto
UNIT 37
Share stories about people who

overcame challenges
failure economic downturn Using however, despite, in spite of, despite the
to give up (= to quit) to go under fact that, in spite of the fact that. For example: He
attitude to go viral failed many times; he did not give up, however.
Despite failing many times, he did not give up.
inspirational to persevere
commercially viable perseverance
disability accidental hero
to go bankrupt (extension activity)
setback unsung hero (extension
custodian activity)
WARM-UP
– You know Thomas Edison invented the first commercially

viable light bulb, right?
– Of course. Everyone knows that.
– And do you know how many times he failed?
– No idea.
– Thousands of times.
– Wow, it’s amazing he didn’t give up.
– You know what he said about his failures? “I have not
failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.”
– What a great attitude to have! I should try to look at my
failures the same way!
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Share stories about people who overcame challenges • Unit 37 | 195
Challenges people have overcome
1. a disability, illness, or injury a. Since the accident, Ben is unable to run like he used to.
2. a (social) disadvantage b. Sandra’s company went bankrupt.
3. a serious setback c. Frank had to leave school to support his family.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Using however, despite, in spite of
He failed many times. He did not give up.
however, he did not give up.

He failed many times; he did not, however, give up.
he did not give up, however.
Despite failing many times,

In spite of his many failures,
he did not give up.
Despite the fact that
he failed many times,
In spite of the fact that
My notes
196 | Share stories about people who overcame challenges • Unit 37 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Your turn!
1. It took her many years to recover. She is now doing very well. (despite)
→
2. Rembrandt was a famous Dutch painter who sold many paintings during his lifetime. He went
bankrupt when he was 50. (however)
→
3. Abraham Lincoln only had about 18 months of formal education. He became the 16th president of
the United States. (in spite of)
→
LISTENING 53
That’s what I call perseverance!
1. What did the man lose during the economic downturn?
2. What happened to his business?
3. What was one of the benefits of working at the college?
4. How long did it take the man to earn his degree?
5. What happened after the story went viral?
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Share stories about people who overcame challenges • Unit 37 | 197
PERFORMANCE
Share a story about someone who has overcome a big

challenge. This could be someone you have heard or read
about, a friend, relative, acquaintance, or you, yourself.
• What challenge(s) did the person have to overcome?
• How did he or she do that?
• What do you think we can learn from this story?
Culture Corner
Heroes
• Who were your heroes when you were a child?
• Who is your country’s biggest national hero?
• Does your town have any local heroes?
• What do you think an accidental hero is?
• What do you think an unsung hero is?
• What makes a hero a hero?
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, iStockphoto, PhotoDisc, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
iStockphoto
198 | Share stories about people who overcame challenges • Unit 37 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
UNIT 38
Discuss ambitions and aspirations

with a friend or counselor
ambition to deny Phrases used when describing ambitions.

aspiration bit For example: one day, someday, some
to aspire to to hold (someone) back day, sooner or later, eventually, for now,
for the time being
to focus shortage
counselor nurse practitioner
guys patient (n.)
to manage (= succeed) kid
(half-)marathon financially secure
to come in (first) financial security
grad(uate) school sooner or later
to enroll (enrol UK) for the time being
enrollment (enrolment UK) some day
to defer someday
WARM-UP
– Wow! I can’t believe you guys finally managed to open up

your own cheese shop!
– Well, it was always an ambition of mine—you know how
much I love cheese!
– And what are your plans for the future?
– For now, we’re focusing on making this place a success.
But someday, we hope to have several shops around the
country.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Discuss ambitions and aspirations with a friend or counselor • Unit 38 | 199
LISTENING 54 • 55 • 56 • 57
What are their ambitions for the future?
Gary Allie Jim Jasmine

career career career career
personal personal personal personal
Tip! to enroll, enrollment
to enrol, enrolment
Is that a realistic ambition?
to be financially secure to live / work abroad

to be successful in my career to own my own home
to earn (another) degree to retire by age 45
to get married to start my own business
to have a family to travel the world
200 | Discuss ambitions and aspirations with a friend or counselor • Unit 38 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
Which of your ambitions are …?
a. realistic:
b. possible to achieve, but unlikely:
c. unrealistic:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Someday …
One day, I’d like to start my own business.

Someday, I hope to become a novelist.
Sooner or later, I expect to become a manager at my company.
Eventually, I plan to go back to school and earn a master’s degree.
For now, I’m happy learning everything I can about this business.
For the time being, I’m content to do the best job I can.
Your turn!
1. One day, .
2. Eventually, .
3. Sooner or later, .
4. For the time being, .
Tip! Some day = A day in the future that hasn’t been specified
Can we get together some day next week?
Someday = Refers to an unknown time in the future when an action or event will
happen
Pablo’s parents always knew that someday he would be famous.
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Discuss ambitions and aspirations with a friend or counselor • Unit 38 | 201
PERFORMANCE
Ask your partner about a personal or career ambition.
• What is the ambition?

• What is the reason for the ambition?
• How does he / she think he / she might achieve it?
• How realistic is the ambition?
• Is there anything holding your partner back?
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): Getty Images, Getty Images, Getty Images, ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Age Fotostock, iStockphoto, iStockphoto
202 | Discuss ambitions and aspirations with a friend or counselor • Unit 38 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
UNIT 39
Ask for and offer assistance with

emails
to proofread to capitalize (= use Language for politely pointing out errors

to proof capital letters) Expressions for asking for and offering
to correct capitalization assistance with emails
to notice grammar Homonyms. For example: there, their, and
Oh, my goodness! spelling they’re. (extension activity)
punctuation to give (something) the
sentence once-over
paragraph I’ve got this. (US)
WARM-UP
– Richie, do you think you could look over this email for me
before I send it?
– Sure, Elena. Hmm … you might want to correct these
typos. See? Here and here.
– Oh, my goodness! I didn’t even notice those! Is there
anything else I should change?
– No. Other than that, it looks fine. Your tone is appropriate
as well.
– Thanks for your help!
My notes
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Ask for and offer assistance with emails • Unit 39 | 203
READING
Could you proofread this for me, please?
Dear Ms. Bell!
thank you for sending the broshure we requested. We are interested in learning more about you’re
workshops. Particularly the one called inspiring people. We are looking for a tow-day course for our
Community Coordinators, and that one sounds like it might meet our needs.
I would be pleased to meet with you at 3:00 p.m. on May 5, here at our office in Elm street. We can
discuss the programs at that time, the costs, and possible dates.
If that time is no good, tell me a time that works better. OK?
I’am looking forward to seeing you.
Best wishes,
Paula Tandy
Tip!
Dear Ms. Bell, / 3:00 p.m. / on May 5 / on Elm Street / programs / Sincerely yours,
Dear Ms Bell, / 15:00 / on 5 May / in Elm Street / programmes / Yours sincerely,
FYI
. period (full stop UK) , comma
’ apostrophe ! exclamation point / mark
- hyphen – dash
: colon ; semi-colon
… ellipsis mark ? question mark
* asterisk () parentheses
“” quotation marks (inverted commas UK)
204 | Ask for and offer assistance with emails • Unit 39 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.
I think this might be a typo
• We usually use a comma here instead of an exclamation point.
• Don’t forget, we always capitalize the first word of sentences.
• You may want to check the spelling of this word.
• I think this might be a typo.
• Maybe you could put these sentences together?
• In general, we capitalize the titles of courses and classes.
• Ah! But we don’t capitalize job titles if we’re talking about a group.
• The word order here is not quite right.
• Perhaps convenient would be a more appropriate word here?
• You should probably use Sincerely yours, rather than Best wishes.
Useful Expressions
Asking for assistance with emails Offering assistance with emails
– Would you mind proofing this for me? – Do you need any help with that?
– Not at all. – No, I’ve got it. But thanks for asking.
– Could you give this the once-over for – If you want, I’ll give you a hand with
me? that.
– Sure. Let me just finish what I’m doing – Thanks for offering, but I think I can
first. manage.
– Can you help me with the letter I’m – Would you like me to look that over for
writing? you?
– I’m a little busy right now. Can it wait? – I’d really appreciate that. Thanks.
Your turn!
1a. Offer to help a friend with a report he / she is working on.

1b. Politely refuse your friend’s offer.
2a. Ask for help with a presentation you’re preparing.

2b. Politely mention that you’re busy, but that you can help later.
3a. Ask a friend or coworker to check a letter you’ve written for a visa application.
3b. Agree to help.
PERFORMANCE
You are Ms. Bell’s personal assistant. Draft a short

letter to Ms. Tandy. In your letter,
• confirm the meeting time or request a different one

(asking whether it’s OK or not)
• inform Ms. Tandy of a new

workshop (Managing Community Conflict)
Then ask a coworker to proofread your letter for you.
My notes
My notes
Word Power
Homonyms
Homonyms are words that look or sound the same and have different meanings or
functions. Here are some examples of one kind of homonym—called a homophone—
where two or more words sound the same but are spelled differently.
ate – eight hear – here read – red to – too – two
break – brake its – it’s right – write – rite weak – week
bare – bear know – no sight – site – cite who’s – whose
fair – fare our – hour son – sun would – wood
for – four read – reed there – their – they’re your – you’re
Do you think the fare they charged was fair? The site I looked at didn’t cite any references.
John felt weak after being sick for a week. I didn’t catch that. Who’s taking whose place?
ONLINE PRACTICE

within this unit): iStockphoto, Eyewire_Executives ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
UNIT 40
Review
OBJECTIVES LADDER
Now you can …
Ask for and offer assistance with emails
Discuss ambitions and aspirations with a friend or counselor
Share stories about people who overcame challenges
Talk about what frustrates or annoys you
Compare modes of transportation and explain your preference
Rank and discuss current local issues
Describe changes in your country's economy
Ask about and explain customs or other fees on packages
Report problems with orders

PRACTICE
GOAL 31 58 • 59 • 60 • 61
What did they tell you?
a. later that day b. the following day c. the week before d. the year before
1. When I spoke to Liz last week, she said she would

send me the information I needed
.
2. When Marina asked Allen about ShopWay, he told

her he’d bought something from them
.
3. When Willis called LCS about the supplies he had

ordered, he was told he’d have them by
.
4. The person Nancy spoke to told her they’d shipped

her order .
GOAL 32
Having to pay a handling fee is annoying
1. I had to translate the packing slip for customs. That was surprising.
→ for customs surprised me.
2. We pay customs duties on items ordered from abroad. Does that discourage online shopping?
→ Does from abroad discourage online
shopping?
3. If you receive a gift from another country, it may involve a lot of paperwork.
→ may involve a lot of paperwork.
4. They didn’t realize the customs value limits are per package. They sent everything in one box.
→ per package, they sent everything in one
box.
5. Anita didn’t get her package after four weeks. She called the courier delivery service.
→ her package after four weeks, Anita called the courier
delivery service.

GOAL 33
The economy has improved enormously

1. In the past few months, we have seen prices.
a. a considerable rise in
b. considerably rise c. rise considerably
2. Consumer confidence during the first half of the

year.
a. dropped slight b. dropped slightly
c. slight drop
3. There have been the exchange rate recently.

a. enormous fluctuating b. fluctuated wildly c. wild fluctuations in
4. At the end of the season, many stores reduce prices 50% or more.
a. by b. to c. with
5. Two years ago, they earned $5 million. Last year, their earnings rose $6 million—a 20%
increase.
a. by b. of c. to
6. Increasing the tax from 10% to 11% isn’t a 1% increase—it’s an increase 10%!
a. by b. in c. of
My notes

GOAL 34
Personally, I think that …

1. To , I’ve stopped a. ask me
following the news. It’s all too
depressing.
b. be honest
2. I don’t have any children, so child care
to me.
c. doesn’t matter
3. If you , they should do
something about the health care
system. It’s in shambles! d. don't see
4. As far as , tax reform

should be the top priority. Taxes have e. I’m concerned
gone through the roof in the last few
years!
5. I didn’t know that’s how you felt. I

guess we eye to eye on
that.
GOAL 35
It’s not quite as expensive as I thought.

1. If we fly, it will cost €40 per person. If we take the train, it will be €80. Can you believe it? Flying
costs as much as taking the train!
a. half b. twice c. just
2. When I was younger, I really used to like traveling. Now, it’s just a hassle. For me, traveling
as enjoyable as it used to be.
a. is at least b. is almost c. isn’t nearly
3. The number of people who use the ride-sharing app has increased 300% in the last year. In
other words, three times people use the ride-sharing app as before.
a. as many b. as many as c. as expensive as
4. The tram and the subway are equally quick and convenient. Taking the tram is as
good as taking the subway.
a. at least b. just c. twice

GOAL 36
They are constantly banging away up there!
1. Mrs. McGuire complains about her job a lot.

(constantly)
→
2. Gina arrives late to appointments all the time.

(forever)
→
3. This company doesn’t stop making their

telemarketing calls! (always)
→
4. Karina fiddles with her phone all the time.

(continually)
→
5. I get ads that pop up every time I use the internet.

(constantly)
→
GOAL 37
In spite of everything, they never gave up

1. They are a successful company now; , it took them years to recover from having
gone bankrupt.
a. however b. despite that
2. our recent setbacks, we are not giving up.

a. Despite b. Despite of
3. Charlie’s a better basketball player than I am, his leg injury.

a. however b. despite
4. publishers rejected her first books, Louisa persevered—and is now one of

the best-known writers in the world.
a. In spite of b. In spite of the fact that
5. Audrey’s social disadvantage growing up, she became one of the most
successful women in her industry.
a. Despite b. Despite the fact that

GOAL 38
I hope to do that one day

Complete the conversations with someday, some day, sooner or later, or for the time being.
1. – What are you planning to do in the future, Nora?

– Well, , I plan to focus on my studies
and earn my degree.
2. – Kevin, you can’t live with your parents forever.
, you’ve got to get a place of
your own.
– I know, but I’d like to be more financially secure before I
do that.
3. – When are you going to go on the cruise to Alaska you
keep talking about?
– Oh, . Maybe after we’ve paid off the house.
4. – Can we go to lunch next week?
– Sure! How about Thursday or Friday?
5. – Your car is in the shop again? Isn’t that the third time this month?
– Yeah, I know. I’m going to have to buy a new one.
GOAL 39
Would you mind proofing this?

1. In English letters, we always capitalize a. Sincerely instead of Best.
2. It would sound more professional if b. than an exclamation mark.

you ended with
3. Perhaps a period would be more c. the first word of the sentence.

appropriate here
4. This doesn’t look quite right. You d. their not they’re, didn’t you?
might want to double-check
5. This may be a typo. I think you meant e. the spelling of this person’s name.

YOUR TURN!
GOAL 31
Not my cup of tea
Role A
You are the owner of Tea42, a popular local tea shop.
Recently, you ordered several boxes of tea from River
Rock Tea Company. When the delivery arrived, you
noticed that one of the boxes contained the wrong type
of tea (River Rock English Breakfast instead of River
Rock Earl Grey) and that several packages in another
case were damaged.
Call River Rock Tea Company and tell them about the
problems.
Role B
You work at River Rock Tea Company. You’ve received a number of complaints recently
because of tea that was accidentally put into the wrong shipping boxes when packaged
(River Rock English Breakfast was put in boxes labeled River Rock Earl Grey). You have also
heard from one or two customers that they have received damaged packages.
Unfortunately, this was due to having to use temporary delivery staff that you won’t be using
again.
In any event, it is River Rock’s policy to replace any items customers are unhappy with
immediately at no extra cost. Better to lose a little money than to lose customers.
The phone is ringing. Answer it.

GOAL 32
How much were the customs fees?
Ask your partner whether he / she has ever had to pay

customs or other fees to get a package. Find out:
• whether the package was a gift for something that
was ordered
• whether the package was from abroad
• whether there was anything that had to be done (other

than paying) to get the package
• how much the extra charges were
• how long it took to get the package
My notes

GOAL 33
It depends on the economy
Considering the current economy, what do you think will happen in the areas listed
below? Discuss your choices with your partner(s).
1. Workplace. Do you think your company (or companies in general) will …?

hire more people and / or increase salaries and wages
put into effect a hiring freeze and / or freeze salaries
let people go
2. Major purchases. You have a major appliance that is starting to get old. Will you …?
replace it now with a better model
wait a bit longer and replace it only if it breaks down
keep it as long as possible and get it repaired when needed
3. Investment. Will the average person, like you, …?

put more money in riskier investments, like stocks
put their money in safe, low-risk investments
sell off all their investments and keep money in the bank
4. New home construction / home prices. Do you think …?

more new homes will be built and / or home prices will increase
the construction rate and / or home prices will remain the same
fewer homes will be built and / or home prices will decrease
5. Government and taxes. Do you think the government will …?

cut taxes and / or eliminate some taxes
maintain the current taxes and / or tax rates
increase taxes and / or introduce new taxes
My notes

GOAL 34
It’s an important issue for the city
Make a list of what you feel are the top issues in your city nowadays.
1.
2.
3.
Share your list with a partner. Say why you consider these to be the most important issues
and what you think should be done.
GOAL 35
Role A
Ask your partner about his / her transportation
preferences when traveling abroad. Find out how your
partner prefers to get to his or her destination and how
your partner likes to get around once there. Be sure to
ask why.

Role B
Ask your partner about his / her transportation
preference when traveling around town and within the
country. Find out whether there is a difference between
the modes of transportation you partner uses most
frequently and the one(s) he / she likes the most. If
there is, what’s the reason?
GOAL 36
That is so annoying!
Make a list of three pet peeves. Put them in order, with the one that annoys you the most at
the top of the list.
1.
2.
3.
Share your list with a partner. Say why you find these behaviors so annoying or frustrating.
Give examples.
My notes

GOAL 37
An inspiring person
Role A
Below is a very brief biography of Helen Keller’s life. Share this story with your partner in
your own words.
Helen Keller (1880 – 1968)

When she less than two years old, Helen Keller suffered from an illness that left her
both deaf and blind (illnesses where people can’t hear or see). In 1887, Ann Sullivan
was hired as her teacher. Ann Sullivan transformed Helen’s life, teaching her to
understand and communicate with the world around her. Helen later went on to
attend school and was the first deaf-blind person to earn a college degree. A strong
supporter of people with disabilities and a social activist, Helen Keller traveled the
world giving speeches and lectures. She helped to found the American Civil Liberties
Union and was awarded the Presidential Medal of Honor, one the United States’
highest honors.
Role B
Below is a very brief biography of Andrew Carnegie. Share this story with your partner in
your own words.
Andrew Carnegie (1835 – 1919)

Andrew Carnegie went from being a poor Scottish immigrant to one of the richest men
in the world. In 1848, when Andrew Carnegie was 13, the family emigrated to
Pennsylvania. To help his family, he took a job in a cotton factory, making $1.20 for
working a 70-hour week. He couldn’t go to school, but he read and learned on his own.
He worked hard: he got a job as a telegraph messenger and operator. He then worked
at a railroad company, and later started a company that built iron bridges and railway
ties. Later, he began investing in steel and founded the Carnegie Steel Company. In
1901, he sold the company to JP Morgan for $480 million (close to $80 billion in today’s
dollars), making Carnegie the richest American. Carnegie devoted the rest of his life to
philanthropy (giving away his money to worthwhile causes), building and funding
libraries, and supporting world peace, education, and research. By the time of his
death, Andrew Carnegie had given away over $350 billion. He believed:
• Spend the first third of one’s life getting all the education one can.
• Spend the next third making all the money one can.
• Spend the last third giving it all away for worthwhile causes.

GOAL 38
Where do you see yourself in the next few years?
Role A
You have been at your job for a year now, and today you
will be meeting with the career advisor at your workplace
to discuss where you would like to go in the company.
You know you will be asked about your short- and long-
term ambitions and aspirations. Before you go to your
meeting, consider the following questions:
1. What would you like to do eventually?

2. What do you see as your next step?
3. What are you happy to do for the time being?
Before you go to your meeting, write a few notes about your ambitions and aspirations.
Role B
You are a career advisor at your workplace. Today you
will be meeting with an employee who has been with the
company for a year. You have asked the employee to
think about the questions below before your meeting.
Add two more questions you would like to ask.
1. What would you like to do eventually?

2. What do you see as your next step?
3. What are you happy to do for the time being?
4.
5.

GOAL 39
Would you like me to give it the once-over?
Role A
You would like to apply for a new position that is opening up in your company. You are
working on your résumé and your cover letter, which need to be submitted in your own
language and in English. You’ve completed a draft of the English version, but you would like
someone to look it over for you.
There is one coworker in particular who has often helped you with emails and other
documents in the past. You’d like to ask this person for assistance again, but you feel you
may be starting to annoy him / her.
Your coworker is approaching your desk now. Greet him / her.
Role B
A coworker of yours is applying for a new position that is opening up in the company. You
think he / she would be great for the job.
As part of the application process, your coworker must submit a résumé and a cover letter in
English. You’ve helped this person many times in the past with emails and other documents.
Go see your coworker and ask how the application is going.

within this unit): Age Fotostock, David Alderman, Getty ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. All rights reserved.
Images, iStockphoto, Jupiter Images, iStockphoto,
iStockphoto, iStockphoto, Age Fotostock, Corbis Images
AUDIO SCRIPT
Unit 2. Politely describe negative attributes

1
Who’s the most difficult person I’ve dealt with? The first person who comes to
mind is a roommate I had just after I graduated from college. He has to be the
messiest person I’ve ever met! He always left his stuff lying around all over the
place and he never, ever cleaned up after himself. But worst of all, he was
completely irresponsible when it came to paying the rent or bills on time. I had to
nag him about money all the time. After eight months of that, I told him to find
another place to live.
2
My big sister was a bit of a tyrant when we were growing up. She was several
years older than my brother and me, so she decided she was in charge when our
parents weren’t around. Boy, was she bossy! She was constantly telling us to do
this or do that, don’t do this or don’t do that. And she could be very stubborn! If
she made up her mind about something, there was no changing it. In fact, she’s
still that way, but nowadays we’re best friends.
3
A few years ago, I had a manager who—how can I say this—who left a lot to be
desired. He was rather disorganised, and he wasn’t very reliable. He would
promise to do something and then he’d forget. If you asked a question, you never
got an answer—he always said, “I’ll get back to you on that,” but you knew he
wouldn’t. Because of this, we sometimes missed deadlines or made mistakes—
which made the entire department look bad. We sometimes wondered if he knew
what he was doing. It sure didn’t seem like it.
Unit 3. Brainstorm and discuss ways to learn

4
– Welcome to Learning 2 Learn. In today’s podcast we’ll be talking to learning
specialist, Alison Campbell, about some of the ways people learn and different
learning styles. So, Alison, let’s begin with a question from one of our listeners:
“Are podcasts an effective way to learn?” What do you think?
– Well, that depends. For some people, they are very effective. You can pause
them, replay, and listen again whenever and wherever you want. For others,
however, they don’t work as well. Without a visual component, your attention
wanders, and you lose track and have to start again—that can be frustrating.
– Why the difference?
– That’s where learning styles come in—and your podcast example shows the
difference between visual and aural learners. I think most people are familiar
with the idea of visual learners—people who prefer to have and use pictures,
diagrams, and images that illustrate what they are learning.
– So, a video or a slideshow would be better than a podcast for a visual learner.
– Exactly. Aural learners, on the other hand, use sound to learn: recordings,
songs, music …
– Which is why podcasts may work for them. What are some of the other
learning styles?
– Well, there are physical learners—people who learn by doing and using their
bodies. They like to act things out, for example, or have objects they can touch or
make. People with a verbal learning style, however, prefer to learn from words—
©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Audio Script | A-1

written or spoken. For instance, talking over ideas in discussion groups, taking
notes, reading texts …
– That’s what a lot of our learning in schools is based on, isn’t it?
– Yes, but fortunately, that’s changing as school systems recognize that not all
learning comes from books.
– That’s good to hear. Are there any other learning styles?
– Yes, there’s the logical learning style. These are the people who like to see the
reasons or logic behind what they are learning. They group things into
categories, make charts, and create a structure.
– And are people generally only one type of learner?
– Well, no. Imagine, if that were true, a verbal learner trying to learn to swim from
a textbook! It’s important to remember that we have learning style preferences.
How we learn and our learning styles, vary depending on what we are learning.
And personally, I think the best way is to combine learning styles, so that we use
as many of our senses as possible when learning something new.
Unit 5. Talk about major events and how they are celebrated
5
Traditionally in the US, the bride wears a long white wedding dress and the
groom wears a tuxedo. The wedding party includes a maid of honor—or matron
of honor, if she’s not single—and a best man, who help with wedding
arrangements and witness when the bride and groom sign the marriage license.
When the ceremony is over, guests throw flower petals or something similar at
the couple. The ceremony is usually followed by a reception for family and
friends: dinner and dancing, and—of course—a big wedding cake. Before the
couple leave for their honeymoon, the bride may turn around and throw her
bouquet over her head—whoever catches it is the next person to get married!
6
In the US, students graduating from high school or university traditionally wear a
cap and gown for the ceremony. These can usually be borrowed from the school.
Students sometimes decorate their caps with their names or some drawings, so
families can recognize them from the audience. A well-known expert or an
important person is often asked to give a speech during the ceremony. As
students receive their diplomas or degrees, the tassel on the cap is moved from
the right side to the left. Some students throw their caps in the air at the end of
the graduation ceremony.
7
When a woman is going to have a baby, her friends may organize a baby shower
for her. Baby showers are similar to birthday parties, with food, drinks, cake,
decorations—but with a baby theme. Guests give gifts for the baby, like baby
toys or clothing, or they give gifts that will be useful to the new mother.
Unit 6. Describe a major turning point in your life

8
One of the biggest turning points in my life was when I spent a year in France
during college. It was the first time I’d ever been abroad for more than a couple
of weeks. Everything seemed so different and interesting, and I loved the people
and the culture. I worked really hard on my French and by the time I returned to
the US, I could speak the language pretty well. Thanks to that, I was able to get a
A-2 | Audio Script ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

job with a French company when I graduated. Now, I travel to France every few
months.
9
Without a doubt, the biggest turning point in our lives was moving to the UK ten
years ago. Things were not so good at home then. My husband had lost his job
and we had two small children. We wanted a better life for ourselves and our
children, and so we both started looking at opportunities outside the country. My
husband found a job in England, and I followed him a year later. It was not an
easy decision, because we all knew that the move might be permanent. My
mother was afraid she’d never see her grandchildren again. But we worked hard,
and now I know it was the right decision. Both my husband and I have good,
steady jobs and we have enough money to be able to visit our families several
times a year.
10
I think the big change came when I hit 50. I was successful in my career as an
executive recruiter, earning a good salary, but I felt I needed a change. I wanted
to do something meaningful. But what? And how? The thought of just quitting
and starting a new career from scratch—well, let’s say it gave me some sleepless
nights. My friends said I was going through a mid-life crisis and I’d get over it.
But I knew I wouldn’t. I took stock of my skills and interests and started looking
around for other opportunities. I finally found a position at a non-profit
organization as a volunteer coordinator. Now, I spend my time out in the
community, working with our volunteers and the people we help. I think it’s one
of the best moves I’ve ever made.
Unit 8. Compare attitudes toward volunteering

11
After retiring, I suddenly felt like I had no purpose anymore, like no one needed
me. I knew I needed to keep active. I’d always been interested in art, but never
had time to really get into it. That’s why I started volunteering at the museum. I
thought I could learn more about art and meet some like-minded people. It has
been really great so far.
12
I first started volunteering when I was in high school. We needed to complete 75
hours of community service in order to graduate. During my first two years
of college, I volunteered at a hospital because I thought I was going to go to
medical school, but now I’m not so sure I want to do that anymore. I’m still
interested in medicine, but now I’m looking at volunteering as a way to explore
some different career possibilities and get some work experience. And of course,
it’s nice to know I’m helping to make a difference, too.
13
I started volunteering because I was starting to feel burned out at work. I wanted
to do something different. So, now I tutor students a few hours a week at a local
school. This has allowed me not only to share my knowledge, but to hone my
skills. You know, they say if you really want to learn something, teach it!
14
I moved into the area not too long ago, and I felt like a complete stranger. I
wanted to meet people and get involved in the community—and working at the
local food bank has been a great way to do this. The volunteer team there is
fantastic. We have a lot of fun and are doing some good at the same time.

Unit 10. Review
15
I would say I am definitely no wallflower! I’m a fairly fun-loving person, and if
there is some kind of social gathering going on, you can be sure I’ll be there. I am
outgoing and pretty talkative, but I don’t feel I have to be the center of attention. I
wouldn’t say I’m bossy but, when needed, I can be quite assertive.
16
I’m sorry to hear about your job. I hope you’ll find another one soon.
17
Congratulations to your daughter! You must be so proud of her!
18
Thank you very much. The vet told us not to worry, but you know how it is.
Unit 11. Describe an injury or illness

19
I was working on a big project a while ago, which kept me at my computer ten to
twelve hours a day. Everything seemed fine until I woke up one night and could
not move because of the excruciating pain and cramps in my back. In the
morning, I immediately went to see my doctor. He told me the problem was
caused by too many hours of typing and using the mouse. He ordered me to take
a week off from work and stay away from using the computer! I learned the hard
way the importance of taking regular breaks and not overdoing things.
20
I have never had any allergies. So, when one day last spring I started sneezing,
my first thought was, “Uh oh, I’ve caught a cold.” And sure enough, over the next
day or two, I developed cold-like symptoms—a stuffy nose one minute, a runny
nose the next, and coughing. After a few days, everything seemed all right. But
then it happened again … and again. And each time, it felt worse than the time
before. My eyes itched, my head was throbbing—I was miserable. Finally, I went
to see a doctor. She ran some tests and found I was allergic to pollen. In other
words, I have hay fever! I always thought hay fever was something you were born
with. I never would have guessed it’s something you can develop later in life!
21
I remember not feeling well one time at work. I felt nauseous and dizzy, and I was
thinking I had better go home, so I went to tell my supervisor. From the look on
her face, I knew I looked as bad as I felt. I didn’t have to ask to go home—she
sent me home. In fact, she called a taxi for me. By the time I got home, I had a
high temperature and was sweating. My husband called the doctor, who said I
should take a cold bath to get the temperature down as fast as possible. I don’t
remember much about the rest of the day—but the next day I was fine. I didn’t
have a fever, didn’t feel nauseous, nothing. It was just a 24-hour bug of some
kind. We’ll never know.
Unit 12. Relay medical information

22
– So, Mr. Wilson, what brings you in today?
– Actually, I’ve been meaning to see you for a couple of weeks now, but I haven’t
had the time. Work, you know. But this morning, my heart was pounding so hard
and so fast, I thought I’d better come in.

– Yes, your pulse does seem a bit elevated. Let’s check your blood pressure, OK?
Hmm … Your blood pressure is a bit on the high side, too. What were you doing
when this happened?
– Nothing. I was just thinking about the project I’m working on at the moment.
I’ve got a big deadline coming up—it’s all I think about these days.
– Are you working longer hours because of that?
– That’s all I do now—work, work, work.
– And what are you doing to relax?
– Relax? I don’t have time to relax! If I don’t finish this project on time, I might as
well start looking for a new job.
– I see. Do you have any other symptoms?
– I have sleepless nights. I keep waking up in the middle of the night. And
because of that, I feel tired all the time, and that makes it difficult to concentrate.
– And how long has this been going on?
– For about four or five weeks.
– Mr. Wilson, it sounds like you had a panic attack this morning. This and your
other symptoms are most likely due to the stress you are experiencing at work.
Your body is telling you that you need to slow down, to relax.
– But like I said, I don’t have time. My deadline …
– Mr. Wilson, I suggest you make time. Or find a way to share some of your
workload. If you don’t, you may end up in the hospital. Here is a booklet on work-
related stress I’d like you to read …
Unit 14. Interrupt to ask a question or ask for clarification

23
– Jeff isn’t available.
– Jeff isn’t available.
– Is he busy?
– Is he busy?
– Can I have a copy?

– Can I have a copy?
24
– I met you last year.
– I met you last year.
– What did you ask me?

– What did you ask me?
25
– I’ll go over that later.
– I’ll go over that later.
– We are finished now.

– We are finished now.
Unit 16. Call a repair service or landlord about a repair

26
– Good afternoon. Springfield Telecom. This is Mike. How can I help you?

– Hi, MIke. I’m calling because there’s a problem with our TV service.
– I see you have SAT TV, is that correct?
– Yes, it is.
– So, what seems to be the problem?
– Well, earlier today, there was a power outage in our area, which lasted for
several hours. When we turned the TV on, all we got was a “no service” message.
I expected it would reset itself and turn on soon enough, like it has before, but it’s
been over an hour and nothing’s happened. We don’t know what to do.
– All right. Have you tried unplugging everything and then plugging it back in?
– No, I haven’t. Does that really work?
– It works about 80% of the time. You should wait about 30 seconds before
plugging everything back in.
– I’ll give it a try. Will you hold?
– Of course.
– I can’t believe it! It’s actually working. It says now it’s checking for channels …
and it’s back! Thank you so much.
– Not at all. Is there anything else I can help you with?
– No, not right now.
– Well, if you experience any other problems, feel free to call back. Enjoy the rest
of your day.
27
– Hello?
– Hello, Mr. Baker. This is Arthur Richman.
– Oh, hello, Arthur! What’s up? Is there a problem?
– Yeah, I’m afraid so. We don’t have any hot water. The water heater seems to be
on the blink.
– All right. I’ll call the repair service right away. It’s possible it just needs a little
maintenance. But if it can’t be fixed, I’ll get it replaced.
– Sounds good. Right now, we’re boiling water on the stove in order to wash
dishes and everything.
– I’m sorry about that. I’ll give you a call back when I’ve spoken to the
repairperson.
– Thanks, Mr. Baker.
– Hello, Mr. Baker.

– Hi, Arthur. So, I called the repairperson. They will send someone around
tomorrow morning, between nine and eleven.
– That’s great. I’m working from home tomorrow, so I’ll be here all day. Will you
come, too?
– Yes, of course. I should be there a few minutes before nine. Is that all right?
– Sure, no problem. See you then.
Unit 17. Respond to questions from travel authorities

28
– What is the purpose of your visit?
– I’m here to attend a conference.
– What type of conference?
– It’s for foodies, and people who have their own food blogs.

– Is that your occupation?
– No, it’s just my hobby. I work as a researcher at a drug company.
– How long will you be staying?
– Just three days. And then I’m flying back home.
– Do you have a round-trip ticket?
– Sure. Here you are.
– At a hotel downtown.
– Which hotel? Can you show me your reservation?
– Hold on just a moment. It’s in my email. Here it is. I’m staying at the Weston.
– Thank you very much. Enjoy your stay.
– Thank you!
Unit 18. Describe a travel experience

29
… Yeah, I made it here all right … The trip? Incredible. While I was checking in, the
airline employee noticed it was my birthday. He was so nice about it. It made me
feel better about having to travel on my birthday. But that’s not all. On the flight, I
asked if I could get some champagne to celebrate … Not just that—they brought
me chocolates and a little cake, too. They even made a birthday card for me …
Definitely a flight to remember!
30
… couldn’t have been worse! The people in the next room were having some kind
of party and making a huge racket—they kept me up all night. … Of course I
called the front desk, but that didn’t help at all. … I don’t know yet. They said they
didn’t have any rooms. … But if they’re staying, I’m going to ask them to do
something about it.
31
… It took two hours just to get through immigration. … No, there was no problem,
I was just with about a thousand other people. Very annoying. … You’re right. If I
had, I certainly would have missed it. You’d think that, at a big, modern airport
like that, they would have found a way to speed up the process somehow. I can’t
even imagine what it must be like during peak season!
Unit 20. Review

32
– Do you have anything to declare?
33
– What’s your occupation?
34
35
– You say you plan to tour the country for a month. How will you support
yourself during your stay?
Unit 23. React to rumors and innuendo

36
– Gosh, is that the time? It’s getting late, isn’t it?
– Is it? It’s only seven o’clock.

– Yes, well. I usually try to do some cleaning before going to bed.
37
– I can’t believe Professor Timmons cancelled our class again!
– From what I’ve heard, he may not be our professor for too much longer.
– What do you mean?
– Well, let’s just say his days are numbered.
38
– Hey, Susie! Why didn’t you tell me about you and Ben?
– Huh? Tell you what? What are you talking about?
– Aren’t you two a couple?
– No. Where did you get that idea?
– From Beth. She said she saw you two out together last night.
39
– Is Maddie in her office?
– She is, but I wouldn’t go in there right now if I were you.
– Why not?
– I heard raised voices earlier, and when Ivan came out just now, he didn’t look
too happy.
Unit 24. Apologize to a friend

40
– Hey! Watch where you’re going!
– Oh! I’m so sorry! Are you all right?
– I’m fine.
– Here, let me help you pick those things up.
41
– Watch out!
– Oh, no. I’m terribly sorry. That was my fault.
– That vase was from my grandmother. She gave it to me before she passed
away.
– I feel terrible! Is there anything I can do to make it up to you? I’d happily try to
replace it.
– No, don’t worry about it. It was an accident. These things happen. No hard
feelings.
42
– Where were you this afternoon? I was waiting for you at the restaurant for over
an hour. What happened?
– We were supposed to meet this afternoon! It completely slipped my mind. Why
didn’t you call me?
– I was going to, but the battery on my phone died. I felt really dumb sitting there
on my own. I kept telling the waitress I was waiting for someone.
– I’m so sorry! Please forgive me. I promise I’ll try not to let it happen again.
– Well, all right. So, do you still want to grab a bite?
43
– Look. I know I said some pretty awful things, but I didn’t mean them. I was just
upset, that’s all.
– You really hurt me, you know that?
– Yes, I do, and I can’t tell you how sorry I am. Forgive me?
– Let me think about it … OK, I’ve thought about it. Apology accepted.

Unit 25. Tell a weather-related story
44
My scariest weather experience was a few years ago, during the summer. We
usually have quite a few thunderstorms in summer, but this was like nothing I
have ever seen. The weather service had issued a severe weather warning for
rain and hurricane-force winds. They were not joking. We sat in an interior
room with no windows, and later no power, hearing huge tree branches and other
things flying by like they weighed nothing. I was afraid the roof would get blown
off, or that a tree would come crashing through a window. Fortunately, that didn’t
happen. When it was all over, we looked outside. I couldn’t believe my eyes! We
couldn’t get to the street from our door, there were so many branches. We had to
cut and saw our way out. When we finally did get to the street, I was shocked.
The whole street was full of branches and fallen trees and power lines. It took
the city days to clear it all away. I hope I never have to experience weather like
that again.
Unit 29. Create a description of an event for posting online

45
– Whoa!
– What’s wrong? Has something happened?
– Nothing’s wrong. I’ve just gotten an invite from the Alumni Association—for my
class’s 20th Reunion! I just can’t believe it’s been that long! Where does the time
go?
– Are you going to go?
– I haven’t even looked at the details yet. Let’s see what it says … It says, “We
know you can’t believe it’s been twenty years, and maybe you haven’t been back
to your alma mater since, but isn’t it about time? We’d like you to join us and your
old classmates for a trip down memory lane. Together, we will go on a tour of the
campus (see what’s changed and what’s remained the same!), have lunch at the
Campus Café (remember all those delicious meals?), and then dance the night
away (spouses and significant others welcome, of course).
If you tell us you’re coming, we’ll send you information about special rates at
nearby hotels. Please RSVP by August 15th.” You’re invited, too. That’s great!
– When will it be, exactly?
– There will be a welcome back dinner at 7:00 p.m. on September 26th at the
Alumni Center, and the rest of the events take place on the 27th. Are you
interested in going?
– Sure, why not? It sounds like fun.
Unit 30. Review

46
The main character of our story sets out on a quest to find a lost treasure. He
searches far and wide, up mountains and across deserts. He has to overcome
what seem like impossible obstacles. Time and again, he feels like giving up and
ending his journey. Eventually, he does find the treasure—but now he has to get
it home …

Unit 31. Report problems with orders
47
– Hi, yes, I just received the dinner plates I ordered online from you last week,
and two of them are chipped.
– I’m so sorry to hear that, ma’am. Please accept our apologies. The
merchandise must have been damaged during shipment. We always check items
before we ship them. We can send you replacement plates, or if you’d like, I can
check to see if they are in stock at a store near you, so, you can pick them up
there.
– How long would it take to ship the replacement plates?
– It would take about five business days.
– Hmm. In that case, I think I’d rather pick them up. I was planning to use these
plates this weekend for a dinner party. What do I have to do?
– Just one moment, please. OK, so it looks like you ordered item number 5444G,
and they were damaged, right?
– Um, yes … that’s right.
– Now, let me just check the availability in your area … You’re in luck! Our store at
Parkside Plaza has them in stock. All you have to do is take the packing slip and
whole set of plates with you, and they will give you a new set.
– That’s fantastic. Thank you so much for your help.
– Not at all. Have a good day. And thank you for shopping with us.
Unit 32. Ask about and explain customs or other fees on packages
48
– Rudy, what’s this?
– Let me see, Fran … Hmm, I’ve never seen one of these before. It says a letter
has arrived for you and there is “postage due.”
– I can read that, but what does it mean?
– It means someone didn’t put enough stamps on the letter. So, you’ll have to
pay the difference before they’ll give you the letter.
– And will they deliver it, or can I pick it up myself?
– If you want to get it yourself, you’ll have to go to the post office … the address
is here. See?
– I can pick it up tomorrow then. It’s on my way anyway.
– Just don’t forget to take this notice with you. You’ll probably need it.
49
– You remember those T-shirts I ordered from the US?
– Yes, I do. I told you you’d have to pay customs duty on them when they arrived.
– Right. We figured it would be around five euros.
– Thereabouts.
– Do you know how much I actually had to pay?
– How much? Six euros?
– No. Fifteen!
– What? The T-shirts themselves only cost 25 dollars!
– Well, we were right about the customs duty—it was just under five euros, in
fact. But on top of that, the courier service charged an extra ten euros for an
“international mail handling fee.”
– That’s outrageous!

Unit 35. Compare modes of transportation and explain your preference
50
– Hello, Tim! What a surprise to see you here! I thought you drove to work.
– Oh, hi, Richard! Normally I do, but I’m getting my car repaired. I haven’t taken
the train in years.
– I don’t see why you drive; taking the train is much more comfortable. I use this
time to check my mail and plan my day before I get to the office.
– But it’s expensive, and you’re tied to the train’s schedule.
– It’s not as expensive as parking downtown! Anyway, we’d better board—the
train will be leaving in a few minutes …
51
– Barbara, you live on the outskirts of town, don’t you? How long does it take you
to get in to work?
– It takes me just over an hour if I take the bus and subway. But that’s not the
fastest way.
– What’s the fastest way?
– Let’s see … If I take the bus … then the commuter train … then the tram … and
then the subway, I can get here in under 40 minutes.
– What! Four different modes of transportation—and that’s faster?
– Well, that route is pretty much as the crow flies, so I’m only on each one for a
couple of stops. But I hate all those changes. I’d rather go the long way: the bus
goes directly to the last station of the subway, which then comes straight here.
That gives me about an hour reading time. And for me, that’s the only time I
really have for reading.
– If I were in your shoes, I think I’d do the same thing.
52
– You’ve tried out the bikeshare system, haven’t you, George? What do you think
of it?
– I really like it. In spring and summer, I use it almost every day.
– It’s a bit complicated though, isn’t it? I mean, you have to change bikes every
hour or so, don’t you?
– You do, but they are adding more docking stations all the time. I think it’s a
great way to get a little exercise and enjoy the weather. And it certainly beats
walking.
Unit 37. Share stories about people who overcame challenges

53
– Did you see that story about the guy who lost everything during the economic
downturn?
– No, what happened to him?
– He had his own business in the construction industry, but it went under
because no one was building. The only job he could find was working as a night
custodian at a college.
– That sounds like a major setback.
– Yeah, but one of the benefits was he could take classes there for free, so he
did. He worked nights and attended classes during the day. Ten years later, in his
mid-50s, he earned his bachelor’s degree.
– Ten years! Talk about perseverance!

– No kidding. Anyway, the story went viral, and he got job offers from all over the
country. Now he works for a multinational export company.
Unit 38. Discuss ambitions and aspirations with a friend or counselor

54
– What are your ambitions for the future, Gary?
– I’d like to start my own architecture firm—one that focuses on new solutions
for affordable housing.
– You’re very successful in your career now, aren’t you? Why would you want to
change?
– I have had a wonderful career here, and I’ve learned a lot. But affordable
housing is a serious issue in this and a lot of other cities. I’d like to use my
expertise to help solve these problems.
55
– Allie, how long have you been in nursing?
– For just over ten years.
– Have you ever thought about becoming a nurse practitioner?
– Yes, I have. And eventually I’d like to do that.
– What’s holding you back?
– Well, I’ve talked this over with my husband, and he supports me 100%. But I’ve
decided to wait a couple more years until the kids are a little older.
– It’s a smart career move, considering the shortage of doctors in some areas.
– I know. But for now, I’ll go on trying to provide my patients with the best care I
can give them.
56
– How far do you run every day, Jim?
– At least ten miles. And once a week, I do a 20-mile run.
– Twenty miles! Why?
– My ambition is to win the City Half Marathon this year. Last year I came in
third, so I think I can do it.
– Well, I must say I admire you. Good luck!
– Thanks. I really want to inspire my children and grandchildren.
57
– What are you planning to do after graduation, Jasmine?
– Well, what I would really like to do is to travel and see a bit of the world. If I
don’t do it now, I might not have the chance in the future.
– What’s stopping you?
– I’ve already been accepted to grad school. I’ve requested a deferred enrollment
and now I’m waiting for their answer.
– And if they deny your request?
– I guess I’ll be starting grad school in the fall.
Unit 40. Review

58
– Hi, Liz. This is Ralph. When can you send me the information I asked about? I
need it for my report.
– OK, Ralph, no problem. I’ll email it to you later today.
– Thanks, Liz.

59
– Allen, have you ever ordered anything through ShopWay’s online store?
– I bought a couple of things from them last year.
– And what was your experience?
– There were no problems at all.
60
– Willis, do you have any idea when we will get those supplies from LCS?
– I talked to them this morning, and they said we should have them by tomorrow.
– Oh, all right. Thanks for checking up on that.
61
– Can you tell me when you sent my order?
– Our records show that your order was shipped last week.

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English

NOW WITH ONLINE PRACTICE

Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Copyright© 2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Berlitz Trademark Reg. U.S. Patent Office and other countries

First Digital Edition —January 2020

For use exclusively in connection with Berlitz language instruction.

Berlitz Languages, Inc.

To get the most of your English program, you should …

• attend all your scheduled classes

• do all online and customized practice assignments

• review each unit after class

• preview each unit before class

• practice speaking English anytime you can

• visit English websites to learn more about unit topics

• read English magazines, books, and newspapers

• watch videos, movies, and TV programs in English

• try to speak and learn more English every day!

We wish you great success with your English studies!

The Berlitz Team

©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. v

Student Guide Features

vi ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. vii

SPEAKING GOAL PAGE TOPICS GRAMMAR

Describe yourself 1 Personal descriptions pretty, fairly, quite, and rather +

Brainstorm and 11 Learning; Studies Reacting to and commenting on ideas.

Conduct a survey 16 Interviews; Surveys Question forms (review)

Describe a major 24 Turning points; Past conditional. For example: If I he

viii ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Sayings related to the future and change

Suggest ways of 29 Job search Degrees of likelihood: definitely, bound

Compare attitudes 34 Volunteer work Present and past participles as

Make and respond to 39 Announcements Expressions for offering congratulations,

Describe an injury or 56 Symptoms Verbs of perception: to sound (like), to

Relay medical 60 Medical advice Reported commands and instructions.

Describe problems 65 Technical problems Separable vs. inseparable phrasal verbs.

©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. ix

Interrupt to ask a 70 Repetition and Asking for clarification: Indirect / polite

Discuss household 76 Household: Gender Causative (active form): to have

Respond to questions 86 Travel authorities Typical and less common questions

x ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Apologize to a friend 125 Apologies; Excuses; Apologizing and responding to

Explain how 139 Processes Steps in a process. For example: Once

©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. xi

Passive to describe a process. For

Plan a competition 144 Environment The prefix re-. For example: to

xii ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Compare modes of 186 Travel and Modifying comparisons with as … as:

Talk about what 190 Pet peeves Present progressive to express

Discuss ambitions 199 Ambitions Phrases used when describing

Complete Audio A-1

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In this lesson you will ...

poorly introverted pretty, fairly, quite, and rather + adjective /

How would you describe these people?

©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc. Describe yourself • Unit 1 | 1

Brad is fairly tall and rather good-looking!

pretty tall. pretty fast.

Changing the stress changes the meaning

Where does the stress go?

VOCABULARY & EXPRESSIONS

I’m not shy, just reserved

2 | Describe yourself • Unit 1 ©2020 Berlitz Languages, Inc.