Intermediate English Grammar 1

SIMPLE PAST

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A. Simple past for a completed action or state in the past. To express completed
action in the past, example: I saw a gosh last friday. To describe a series of
completed action in the past, example: I finished work, walked to the beach,
and found a nice place to swim. to express habits in the past, example: When I
was young, i watched lots of tv every day after school. For stative verbs (Have)
(Own), Be, Think (Believe), Know, Dislike, Need, Owe, Wish, Example: He had a
small cottage in the woods.
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B. LISTENING
1. Practice
Listen the audio and read the script below!
Conversation
“Did you do anything special?”

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Josh : “ So, what did you do last weekend Meg?”

Meg : “Oh, I had a great Josh. I went to a karaoke bar and sang with some
friends on Saturday”.
Josh : “That sounds like fun, did you go to Lucky’s?”
Meg : “No, we didn’t. we went to that new place downtown. How about you?
Did you go enywhere?”
Josh : “No, I didn’t go anywhere. All weekend, I just stayed home and studied
for today’s Spanish test”
Meg : “Our Spanish test is today? I forgot all about that!”
Josh : “Don’t worry! You aways get an A”
Listen to the rest of the conversation! What did Meg do on Sunday?
Josh : “So, Mag! What did you do on Sunday?
Meg : “I stayed home in the morning. I just watched TV and read”
Josh : “How about the afternoon?”
Meg : “Oh, I worked. I have a part-time job at the University Bookstore.
Josh : “I didn’t know you had a job”
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Meg : “Yeah, I’m a cashier there”

2. Exercise
Listen to the person speaking and then choose the best sentences to
respond.

https://images.app.goo.gl/Uu6gMN1nYXkZYEUj6

9. a) we visited our friends.

b) yes, we did.
1. a) I think that was a good idea. c) it was last weekend.
b) what did you do after that?
c) okay, lets do it. 10. a) I think I saw him at
school.
2. a) no, it didn’t. b) that’s wonderful
b) actually, it was a great film. c) that’s okay. You can use
c) we boarder at Gate 15. mine

3. a) I didn’t know he was sick. 11. a) I finished work at 6

b) was she late for the meeting? o’clock.
c) what did she do after that? b) by taxi or by bus?
c) how many times did he do
4. a) that’s wonderful! that?
b) that’s strange!
c) that’s too bad! 12. a) I saw you yesterday.
b) I was sick at home.
5. a) she’s away for the weekend. c) yes, they were.
b) I’ll bring you one right away.
c) did you like the soup? 13. a) where did they fly it?
b) when did he do it?
6. a) it’s next to the bank. c) did you enjoy your trip to
b) yes, it was. new York?
c) should we go back and get some?
14. a) do you like cooking?
7. a) I was here this morning. b) that’s my favorite TV show.
b) when can you go? c) at dinner time.
c) do you like living here?
15. a) No, they aren’t.
8. a) yes, I did. b) yes. He was.
b) no, I wasn’t c) no, he didn’t
c) yes, it was
16. a) I’m sorry to hear that!
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C. Writing
1. Practice

2. 1. I ___ two minutes ago. Came

2. It occurred to hamlet that in his

haste the ___ a psy. Had killed

3. He ___ into the room. Was peeping

4. Alexander ___ one-fourth of the

Had conquered
world before he was thirty.

5. Somebody ___at my door. knocked

6. He was not ___ for her. waiting

7. He ___ money for many years

Has been saving
before he fell ill.

8. I ___ my breakfast in the Had

morning.

9. The train ___ before I reached Had left

the station.
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3. 2. Exercise

My name is Imogen. when i was twelve, I lived in the North of England.

One day, I walked along a street. A plant fell on my heal! It fell from an
upstairs window. I saw a women at the window. My head hurts! I ran home and
told my mother. She was angry. we went to that house. A woman come to the
door. she said her cat did it! the plant was on the window sill. the cat jumped
up and knocked it off. the women was sorry. she give me a bar of chocolate. I
went to school and my mother went back home.

Write long answers for these questions:

1.where did Imogen live? She lived.......
2. What happened to her as she walked along the street.
3. Who did she see at the window.
4. Who did she tell about it?
5. where did Imogen and her mum?
6. Who answered the door.
7. Who knocked the plant off the window sill?
8. What did the woman give Imogen.
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D. Grammar in Focus

form “Verbs” form “To Be”

(+) S + V2 (+) S + was/were
She worked yesterday. They were friends.
(-) S + did not + verb (-) S + was note/were
(base form) note
She didn’t work They weren’t friends
yesterday.
(?) Was/Were + S
(?) Did + s + verb
Weren’t they friend’s
Did she work yesterday?

Note :
- To Be “was” for subject : I, she, he, it
- To Be “were” for subject : You, They, We
- verbs ending in e add only d
example:
I love : I loved
- verbs ending in y change y to led
example:
I try : I tried
- most verbs ending in a single vowel + single consonant change to single
vowel + double consonant
example:
travel : travelled
We stop : we stopped
- Irregular verbs are irregular in the past simple in the positive only (not in the
negative or question form)
Example:
go — went : She went home yesterday
sit — sat : I sat down
write — wrote : She wrote for hours
-

1. Negative Sentences in the Past Simple Tense

When shortening the 3rd person (he, she, it) negative, just remove the o
in not and add an apostrophe (‘)
did not > didn’t
To create a negative sentence in the past simple, use
didn’t (did not) + the base form of the verb.
Example:
- I didn’t talk to John yesterday.
- He didn’t steal those ideas from the company.
- You didn’t show me the photos from the wedding.
 Intermediate English Grammar 7

- Ron did not sign the document.

2. Yes/No Questions in the Past Simple
To create a question that will be answered with a yes or no, start the
question with Did, then add a subject (the person or thing that does the
action) followed by the base form of the verb and only then add the rest
of the sentence.
Example:
- Did you ask Tina to go out with you?
- Did the employees stay late again last night?
- Did Rob finish his assignment yesterday?

3. Wh-Questions in the Past Simple

Wh- questions are questions that require more information in their
answers. Typical wh- words are what, where, when, why, who, how, how
many, how much.

To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then add did (or didn’t
for a negative question), then the subject (a person or thing that does the
action), followed by the base form of the verb and only then add the rest
of the sentence.
Example:
- When did you buy that sweater?
- Why did the computer break down?
- How long did the train journey take?
- Why didn’t you tell me about the accident?
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E. Reading
1. Practice

https://www.google.com/maps/place/Taman+Ragunan/data=!4m2!3m1!
1s0x2e69ede250f0a275:0x51e807167d531662

Man : “so, Angela, you went to the zoo last week. Did you have a good
time?”
Angela : “yes, we had a great day. I took my little sister Maria, it was her
birthday. First we went to the aquarium because Maria loves
dolphins.”
Man : “really? And how many dolphins did you see?”
Angela : “oh, there were about six or seven, quite a lot. I wanted to see a
blue whale, but there waren’t any whales at all. I suppose they’re too
big. But there were some sharks, just small ones, with big teeth!”
Man : “so what did you see after the aquarium?”
Angela : “ well, then we had lunch and after lunc we went to see the ‘big
cats’, the lions and tigers. They were great!”
Man : “lions and tiger! Hmm. And how many other animals did you see?”
Angela : “um, we saw some bears, three or four bears, I think. Maria loved
them. But she wanted to see some elephants too, and we couldn’t
see them at all, I think they were sleeping. They weren’t any
camels either, or giraffes. But we really did a great day”
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2. Exercise
Put the words in the grid! The clues will help you.

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F. Speaking
1. Practice

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Find a partner and do the conversation below!

Yusuf : Hi Ali , what did you do last weekend?

Ali : I did a lot of things. On Saturday, I went shopping.
Yusuf : What did you buy?
Ali : I bought some new clothes. I also played tennis.
Yusuf : Who did you play?
Ali : I played Tom.
Yusuf : Did you win?
Ali : Of course I won!
Yusuf : What did you do after your tennis match?
Ali : Well, I went home and took a shower and then went out.
Yusuf : Did you eat in a restaurant?
Ali : Yes, my friend Jacky and I ate at The Good Fork.
Yusuf : Did you enjoy your dinner?
Ali : Yes, we enjoyed our dinner very much.
Yusuf : Unfortunately, I didn't go out this weekend. I didn't eat in a
restaurant, and I didn't play tennis.
Ali : What did you do?
Yusuf : I stayed home and studied for my test!
Ali : Poor you
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2. Exercise

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 Intermediate English Grammar 12

Cardinal & Ordinal Number

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numbers1.jpg

A. Cardinal number, we use cardinal numbers to count or to say how many of

something there are.
Example:
- Five plums.
- Forty cars.
- One million dollars.
- I ate ten apples.

Ordinal number, we use ordinal numerals to express position or rank of

something in a sequential order of size, chronology, importance, etc.
Example:
- The first song was beautiful, but the second was rather dull.
- The thousandth passenger received a reward.
- Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States.
- He came in fourth (4th) in the race.
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B. Listening
1. Practice
Listen to how to pronounce the number in the script below!

0208 542 8976

14

1985

25th June

1 metre 27

68

103

671

5,325

8,000,000

2. Exercise
Listen the audio and answer the questions.
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C. Writing

1. Practice

TIGER

SHEEP

LION

GIRRAFE

GOAT

MONKEY

RABIT

ROOSTER

HORSE

DOG
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2. Exercise

https://images.app.goo.gl/Uj1QRFF7NzQsh79h8
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D. Grammar in focus

Cardinal Ordinal
1 One 1st First
2 Two 2nd Second
3 Three 3rd Third
4 Four 4th Fourth
5 Five 5th Fifth
6 Six 6th Sixth
7 Seven 7th Seventh
8 Eight 8th Eighth
9 Nine 9th Ninth
10 Ten 10th Tenth
11 Eleven 11th Eleventh
12 Twelve 12th Twelfth
13 Thirteen 13th Thirteenth
14 Fourteen 14th Fourteenth
15 Fifteen 15th Fifteenth
16 Sixteen 16th Sixteenth
17 Seventeen 17th Seventeenth
18 Eighteen 18th Eighteenth
19 Nineteen 19th Nineteenth
20 Twenty 20th Twentieth
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1. Cardinal number
- After 12, all number end -teen :
14 : 4 + 10 : four + teen : Fourteen
16 : 5 + 10 : Six + teen : Sixteen

- The number 13 and 15 also ends in -teen, but change : “three” is “thir”
and “five” is “fif”.
13 : 3 + 10 : three + teen : Thirteen
15 : 5 + 10 : five + teen : fifteen

- numbers 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80,90 end in -ty

2. Ordinal number
Ordinal numbers always have a suffix tacked onto the end; cardinal
numbers do not.

Here are a few guidelines for determining which suffix to add to a

number.
- When a number ends with 1, the suffix at the end is -st.
- When a number ends with 2, the suffix at the end is -nd.
- When a number ends with 3, the suffix at the end is -rd.
- When a number that ends with 0,4,5,6,7,8 or 9 uses the suffix -th
(Including 10th, 100th, etc)
- An exception to the rules above is when a numeral ends with 11, 12,
or 13, which all use the -th suffix.

We also have a few tips to share about how to write ordinal numbers in
different situations:

- Most ordinal numbers are written as words when part of a sentence,

especially in formal writing, but larger values can be written as
numerals.
- Letters at the end of an ordinal numeral are often written in
superscript, as shown above, but this is optional (e.g., you could
write either “1st” or “1st”).
- Written as words, you can add “-ly” to ordinal numbers (e.g., “firstly”
or “secondly”). This is common when setting out steps in a process,
but you should avoid “-ly” endings with ordinal numbers over nine.
 Intermediate English Grammar 18

E. Reading
1. Practice
John Finally Came First!

On Monday last week John came ninth in the maths test, his best ever! And on
Tuesday he was eighth in high jump! But then he was back to tenth in the
spelling test. and he was the eleventh person to finish clearing up.

And on Wednesday he was twelfth in the 100 metres sprint and thirteenth in
the hurdles race, but then he was seventh in long jump and sixth in gymnastics.

On Thursday he was the fifth person to finish reading the story and was fourth
best in the history test.

And on Friday he was third top in music and had the second best pronunciation
in French, but in science he was fourteenth – last!

But this Monday, John finally came first. He was the very first person to make
the teacher angry and the first student to be sent out of the class! Next week
John wants to be fourteenth!

2. Exercise
Guess the number by analyzing each sentences below!

1. Coming next after the tenth and just before the twelfth in position.
Answer: …..

2. The ordinal number of seventy five in counting order.

Answer: …

3. The ordinal number of one hundred forty five in counting order

Answer: …

4. Coming next after the eighteenth in position

Answer: …

5. The position between twenty first and twenty third.

Answer:….
 Intermediate English Grammar 19

F. Speaking
1. Practice
Conversation
A : “Do you have a favourite number or a number that is special to
you?”
B : “Yes, my favourite number is... because it's the day I was born on,
and it's my lucky number.”

A : “ Do any numbers have special importance in your country?”

B : “Yes. The number 7, for example, is supposed to be a special
number in my country. It appears in so many places, like the seven
days of the week, the seven main notes in music, and the seven
ages of man that Shakespeare described.”

A : “Are you good at remembering numbers? Why / why not?”

B : “No, I'm not very good at remembering numbers. I don't think it's
necessary to learn them by heart; I just save them on my phone.”

A : “What numbers do people often have to memorise?”

B : “The most important number to remember on a daily basis is the
pin number for your bank card. Without this you can't pay for
anything or get cash out.”

2. Exercise

find a partner and have a conversation like the one above. then practice it in
pairs.

A : “Do you have a favourite number or a number that is special to

you?”
B : ….
A : “ Do any numbers have special importance in your country?”
B : …..
A : “Are you good at remembering numbers? Why / why not?”
B : ….
A : …
B : …