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    Diagram Practices 001

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    danny Cafres

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    ’ ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM PRACTICES EMS PRODUCT DEPARTMENT GENERAL @@ ELECTRIC GeT-3017 SECTION SECTION SECTION SECTION SECTION TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 FUNCTION DIAGRAMS - ELEMENTARY General Conventional Symbols Solid-state Digital Symbols Logie-type Code Element-type Code Logie Name and Polarity Loeation Terms Pin Numbers Solid-state Analog Symbols Symbol Basic Building Block Conventions Signal Flow Device Designaiors Wire Numbering Terminal Numbers Ratings and Settings Machine Rotation, Rheostat Rotation Cross Referencing Wire Trunking Shielding and Grounding Location Terms Power Circuits Operating Notes 2. INSTALLATION DIAGRAMS Outline Diagrams Interconnection Diagrams Dolinition ... . Purpose and General Philosophy Piciorial and Tabular Diagrams MANUFACTURING DIAGRAMS Wiring Diagrams Wireless Diagrams Wiring Lists Material Lists 4 EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF SYSTEM DRAWINGS 5 CUSTOMER REPRODUCIBLE DIAGRAMS Page INTRODUCTION ‘This publication tells how to usethe diagrams furnished on control equip ‘ment supplied by the Drive Systems Product Department, General Electric Company, Salem, Virginia. tis intended to help the equipment purchaser obtain {ull benefit of the installation data, op- terational information and parts identi— fication contained in the equipment diagrams, ‘Tho purchaser is supplied diagrams of three basic types which may vary with the nature of the equipment. Function Diagrams = One-line Diagrams = Elementary or Schematic Diagrams Installation Diagrams ~ Outline Diagrams = Interconnection Diagrams Manufacturing Diagrams ~~ Wiring Diagrams = Material Lists ‘These diagrams are described in turn in the following sections of this book. FUNCTION DIAGRAMS— ELEMENTARY GENERAL ‘These diagrams provide the infor- mation necessary for understanding the systems operation and for servic ing the control. They may consist of Block Diagrams, One-line Diagrams, Logic Diagrams, and Schematic Dia grams. Definitions: 7 Block Diagrams ~ A block diagram consists of a group of intoreonnect- ing blocks, cach of which repre- sents a device or sub-system. One-line Diagrams-A one-line dia- gram shows by means of single lines and graphical symbols the course of the electrical circuit or system of eireuits and the component devices or parts used therein, Physical re- Iationships are usually disregarded. Elementary or Schematic Diagram = An elementary or schematic dia- gram shows all elrcuits and the de- vice elements of an equipment and ts associated apparatus or any clearly defined {unetional portion thereof. Such a diagram emphasizes the device elements of a circuit and their functionsas distinguished from the physical arrangement of the conductors, devices or device ele= nents of a circuit system, The elementary diagram is the key arawing to the entire system because it shows how the system works and is the basis of all other diagrams. In- cluded in an elementary diagram when required for understanding, are all of the above forms, Elementaries using solid-state devices make use of block and logic diagrams to simplify and make the drawings easter to follow functionally. ‘The information on an elementary diagram is normally grouped by func~ tion or by drive. For example, an ap- plication may consist of asingle crane. ‘The elementary for this would nor- mally be grouped by each of the three drives: a holst drive, a trolley drive and a bridge drive. ‘The elementary for mill automation control, on the ‘ther hand, is normally grouped func Honally. The mill master-speed-ref— ference controls will be grouped ta- gether. Another section might consist of time-shiared position regulators, et. An elementary diagram may consist, of only a single sheet or it may be several hundred sheets, depending upon the amount of control, For complex complete process control, elementary diagrams normally contain a section alled “front sheets.” These ‘front sheets’ include such things as process flow, control lineups, cross reference ff ail the control drawings used within the system, operator's desk-top lay- outs, ete. (seo pages 11-18). Normally the elementary diagram is divided inta three basic typesof cir- cuits ~ power, logic, and regulator (see pages 14-16 ). Simple power circuits mmay be on a sheet with one ofthe other types. Appropriate operating notes, device ‘nomenclature legend and device ratings are on the individual sheets in prox- imity to the associated ctreults or are consolidated in the final sheets of the elementary diagram. For complex ‘complete process control, general notes and tuneup information are on the final sheets of the diagram. Also located here are explanations of the cross ref- ference and wire numbering system and device symbols utilized (see page 7). Tprom ICS1-101; NEMA ‘Standards Publication, Ics-1970 ROTATING APPARATUS mee, (COS = N oO ae SWITCHES z - = we im ie i. [Le 7 | AMPLISTAT. PILOT DEVICES Ta MASTER AND SELECTOR SWITCHES lel She ee Sees onc SS hs BEiicccncratnes seule com om eet) eerie Satie ree Eee cee nme nemeecae TNE] [WOLTMETER| METER & SHUNT | [GLOW TUBE] TRANSSTORS co | 8 Le |B Se [POTENTIAL AUTO. CURRENT | [SERIFS|[SATURABLF] RHEQ JTUNNELT FHOTOSEN — = a Tora [DIODE SITIVE ceLL] we | pity | pa ff | CT al “ ko 2 OR] Wists] SHIELDED [WIRE fc [Sans | Bi ur cowl CABLE’ faa frnucins _[Pomecter at TOGA BATT RECEPT.| FUSE Fac wand CAPs [LAMP [Epy ae | xe fn ssbb? __ oe Fig. 1. Conventional symbols ake ZENER ico y CONVENTIONAL SYMBOLS Because the elementary diagram is shown symbolically, a knowledge of the symbols used is essential for a clear understanding of the operation of the control. Standard symbols have been adopted from ANSI-Y32.2 specilication fand are illustrated in Fig. 1. The symbole represent either elements of the device, such as relay interlocks, calls, or complete devices, such as.ca- pacitors, resistors, andare sometimes shown on the elementary diagram in various orlentations to improve dra ing clarity SOLID-STATE DIGITAL SYMBOLS General Electric's symbols conform to ANSI Document YI2.14, “Graphic Symbols for Logic Diagrams.” The objective is to use as little nomencla~ ture as possible in the interest of clarity, but still provide sufficient in- formation to explain the logic and.show its implementation. Logic nomenclature is used to de- scribe the internal logic operation of the equipment. This nomenclature is tused in logic equations, lorie diagrams, and other descriptions of the logic such as test specifications. A logic element requires. several identifications that fare ineluded on its symbol: 1, Logie Type 3, Location Element Type 6. Pin Number T. Internal Symbol 2 3. Logie Name 4 Polarity Code Logic-type Code ‘The logic-type code identifies the internal function of a logic element Refer to Table 1 for a list ofthese type codes, Exomel = Aven “ = ostex 30 nex © vooie tyre 8 (ano) Fig. 2 Element-type Code The element type is shown for each logic element on the logie diagram and is entered on the line below the logie~ type code. This element type is always four characters which inelude circuit class, clreult type and circuit serial numb Exampl 4. Signal Name =a term having a maximum of for characters. The sig- nal name will be defined in each ease by the logie designer and may be any combination of characters he chooses to describe the function adequately. Refer to Table 3 for representative functional names, The drive number, polarity code and the signal name make up the logie name. Normally ony the last two parts Aare shown on the logic diagram. Exomple: 7 toes 30 ostex | = ae Fig Logic Name and Polarity "The logic name deseribes the sig- nal, function and denotes the source. Logic Name Format 2s Functional Module Polarity Sigal or Drive Number Mnemonic Source Fundamental Name 1. Fimetional Module or Drive Sum bey ~ athree-character alpha-numeric code that identifies the particular fune~ tional module where the signal origi- nates. The code is normally shown at the top of the elementary diagram sheet and is not normally shown as art of the name. Most frequently this is a drive number - DRIVE 9. 2. Polarity 1 = True 0 = False The signal mnemonic is respectively true or false if the polarity character is one or zero. The logic designer designates the signal mnemonicastrue or false through the polarity eode, and the true or false condition 48 a function fof the logic design. An unconnected logic input will always be considered a8 a true or Figure 1 snp. Locie NAME © = Pouanity cove STP ~ STOP (FUNCTIONAL, awe X= AUXILIARY (FUNCTIONAL awe) Note: The polarity wil not be shown in the logic nome set for mutple outpet units such ‘0 flipeip. The signal names wil, however, Uliee the polarity euput part ofthe signal Fig. 4 Exomple: || ’ 5 eee ae sre me e oa SIGNAL NAME (3) ——1 ete (wo) ——0 ste Fig. 5: Location Terms Location terms used on Directo- ‘matic components are located by arow and slot position of @ printed elreuit card holder ‘Those location terms that relate to devices located in board holders (e.., printed-wiring boards) haveth ing format (see Fig. 8, page 10): Module Panel or Pa Note: Werth lotion teem spd inate logan he Tonsionl fone 2 he ‘ist hor pove nome ene se" a aubean fo he ern omg [Device Name). ss Exomple: 3 a v wuea 38 ostex p— ie ark \ocarion, A ~ PAE. 2 = Row k = stor Fig. 6 Pin Numbers ‘The Pin Number for every clement or device 1s shown. This number is placed on or nest the connection point fon the top of a horizontal line or the left of a vertical line. Example PIN KUMBER a Luca a ostex P ark Fig. 7. SOLID-STATE ANALOG SYMBOLS ‘The symbols used by General Elec- trie’s Drive Systems Product Depart- ment are compatible with the ANSI Document Y32.2 (1970) "Graphic Sym ols for Electrical and Electronic Dia- grams.” Most of the statements below reflect a selection of alternate choices in the specification, Some of the state- ments are expanded interpretations of the ANSI document where no specific standards are given and others are practice statements, not considered by ANSI, such as those defining special purpose board rules and symbol size. In analog nomenclature, adlitional Information may be presented outside of, and adjacent to, the symbol. This in- formation Includes wave-formsandtest points. The pin numbers are shown ad cent to the entrance and exit ines. Symbol Basic Building Block The following symbol is the baste building block upon which most analoz functions are implemented. Where pos~ sible, unusual complex functions are illustrated by a composite symbol that ismade up of basic symbols, thus pro- moting easily understood’ funetions without referring to a cireuit sche- matic. caTaLoe no. [— Lote ane. Location [- = psov aK Analog nomenclature is similar to that previously explained for digital logic nomenclature pertaining to ele- ment type, logic name, location and pin numbers.’ The following descriptions show the differences between digital and anslog nomenclature, ‘The following deseribes the nomen- lature shown on theabove basicanalog building block. Logie Name VLA VLA — Functional Name (Voltage Limit Amplifier) Location Ask A= Page A 3- Rows ® K = Slot K Internat tdentification COM = Common SOV — Positive 50 Volt NSOV = Negative 50 Volt Pin Numbers ~ 14, 16, 2, 20, 24, 30, 46, 48, and 50 CONVENTIONS Figure 22, page 10 shows application of these conventions ina typicalcireuit Signal Flow ‘On elementary diagrams, the signal flow is normaliy shown from left to right and/or top to bottom. On static elementaries, no input enters a symbol 4m the vicinity of an output or on the output of a symbol, Generally, inputs ‘will be drawn on the left-hand side and outputs on the right-hand side ofa sym~ bol. Occasionally, inputs will be drawn at the top of the Symbol and outputs at the hottom of the symbol Device Designators are nomencla~ ture abbreviations for device type and functional name usedon the elementary, symbol and device identification on the panel, Where applicable, the desig- hators will be taken from NEMA ICS 1970 and Mil-Std-16C, These desig- nations have been classifiedastodevice type and function name (See Tables 2 and 3). The total device designators ‘consist of a combination of the two, plus drive number suffix. e Designators Device Name Format yy i, Xe, Drive or Deviee-type Mnemonic Module Coste TABLE TYPICAL LOGIC TYPE CODES Code Teste Tee cose Teak Tree 7 Code Toole Tye 7% Ted 5 Tooke Inverter s Shift Regier te ‘imptter oe or bce 3 Shale Shot rr Flip Hop oe or 50 Tine Delay I Indesit 85 Srtotor TABLE 2 TYPICAL DEVICE TYPE CODES Device Tree case Device Tee Code Device Type Code ‘Adopter, Connector cr ‘Gea m Power Supply "5 ‘nouettor oe Heater he Peston re atenvetor ar Indiesting Lamp w Potente Transformer n insromenn, Meters ” egulter,Valoge ve a5 ‘mete fe Pan : a Recscieg a Resitors (less than 1OW! R w Yanai vn Resnors [TOW or abovel | RS Covector c Specs Se Rheostt me Choke, Invctonce t Watmeter wn Solon t Shot Brecker & doch a Switch s fn a Unt Switch is Ternot Board te Gcrret Tronstormer e Mester Switch hs oe ar ErytolPevostecne stor me Delay tne o Meter generator me Sileon-t st Diode (Al Rector) ce Neon tomp t Thermocouple 1 Elecron Tobe v OreiitorTcrstl) ¥ Transformer r fin i Fide Hoos fu Tremisor & Paw fu Pie , Verner wv Fn Helder K Potentioneter(Fimpot) k TABLE 3 TYPICAL FUNCTIONAL NAME CODES Fonction Name cede Fonction Name Cote Fonction Nome code ‘Accelerating Contactor a Tout Speed 8 fegeneratve Braking 8 ‘utometicFcton a Field Switch Fw Aeverce Curent Rc fovchn Field Weakening fw Aeterence er ‘Norm Relay Ground Detector oo favor eer ‘mature Shunting toi or Hla # fever ast Soke Fencions Inertia Conpentetion fa Rom a coring Temperate in nN tun mN Bier Imvesrator iNT Slowdown so Garren | Joo 3 Selecive st Cote oF Curent Lint chore ro Speed Unt st Clome cia lower, tat t Seren sk Chtch cw tow Toraue ra Slow Speed 55 Control a Main tne (Contactor i Stor st Count or Marval ” sel st Control Switch cw Necrrol N Stop st Cot Foction ar Orerauren oc Sucide su Down Fureton > on on Synchronizing on Dynemic Bring 8 OF OFS Test and Tp 1 Daceleretng be Orerlood oo Time Content tc ain or Open oF Tweed tm Dither or Orenpeed 95 th mt evar £0 Orershoot 3H Toraue 10 Emergency Stop 5s on our Trantor Switch 1sw Ferwerd F Orervotage ov up v Fila Acceleroting ma Line Switch t Undercurrent uc Feedboce 5 Flogging ’ Unelamp wet Field Coneaor rc Permissive re Unrepeed us Fels Decsleretire Conectr | 79 omer actor r Undervatoge w Fld Oschorge Resistor > Preset Speed Pas votoo= F v Felsils rr Revere k Vattege tnt uw Fld Lows fn fone m Auxllory Funeion x ie w Frere me Temperatire 1 will deseribe. Example: (R ‘Table 2 for device-type code list ‘TRUCK MOUNTED NON TAUCK MOUNTED Pane. 1 PAGE NUMBERS paneL 2 @ ° In} a fe | ¢lelle = c fice sees a (PANEL FRONT OF TRUCK) 1. DRIVE OR MODULE NUMBER part! of the elementary heading. (Su as Drive 35) and is not shown as part Of the device name unless the Logie for several drives is mixed on the same { DEVICE TYPE OF FUNCTION 2. DEVICE-TYPE CODE ~ used to For example, for drive 10a dynamic designate the type of devicethe function braking resistor would be Resistor, ~ Capacitor, K - Relay). Refer to 3. MNEMONIC - this four-digit no- expand cases only numerics are used for ths Rulo 1ORSDB. 1th braking resistors for within a drive, they would he designated differently by adding an a, Fig. 10 Typical panel designations as required. In NUMERIC INSTEAD rorspBA, rons aencinure consisia of tne fanlenal iinet atiraeiina, seer’ ees f Site Refer to Table 3 ior examples DRIVE DEVICE Of teitiona ode Hstines, Tis at TYPE. roxerioN inoue ey me sor flugy —easszeron sxcanoron | { 2} 0} mopuce! tee doursren at |e ooue 2 3] | CaPtS deco moe j als 3] >) mooue 3 SEE Eesonoen Thole it al ilbicctee?, me doernan T ald fie Nias Typical page layout (back view) several dynami Several motors ‘or example: OBB. 0» relays and contactors the device type K and KP are normally omitted. “Oe Fig. 12. Wire Numbering There are two wire identification formats used in the department Je first system, used on most starters and non-system equipment, is 4 straight sequence of numbers starting with number one (1) and se quencing numerically upone-at-a-time a8 required. There are variations of this system such as the use of Ll, 12, and L3 for incoming power identifica~ tion, ete., Dut these are simple modi- Heations Of the system. ‘The second system, used Inthe sys~ tems business and large industrial drives, 1s based on a maximum of an eight-digit format, broken down as follows: XX, Xa Haare Drive No. Systems Function Designator Shield Sequence No, ‘The wire number on most systems jobs uses the following signifieance on ‘the sequence number: gp x; Line of Elem. Sheet Unique Alphabetic ‘within Line Elementary ‘Sheet No. heet = 1s a one-digit alpha- fie which, along with the drive number, identifies the Sheet number of the elemen- tary diagram. = Line - is a two-digit numeric that identifies the line number of the elementary sheet where the symbol is located. = Unique Alpha - is a one-digit alphabetic that physically I cates the wire number in the specific horizontal line num- Der of the elementary. 6 C ‘When this system is used, the ele mentary sheets arenormally numbered with the drive number and a sequential alphabetic, Prefabricated wire harnesses are uused on some lines of equipments for both power and control, Wire har- nesses do not use the wire numbering system, only the oulgoing terminals are uniguely Identified. ae ae eenefet | Ped Fig. Terminal Numbers Where the devices andmachines have terminals that are physically identified, these numbers are shown on the ele mentary diagram. This is shown typ- ically by the following example: of | tents Lemna Sn Pace! Fig. 23. Ratings and Settings Individual device ratingsand settings are included on some components where the type information is required for understanding the operation. Tt is either adjacent to the symbol or in a separate tabulation. we ee Fig. 14, Machine Rotation Dec motors and generators will be shown connected for the proper direc tion of rotation; or, if the information 4s not available in advance of the de- sign of the equipment, the direction of rotation is assumed andthe assumption is stated in the dlagvam, 2a ae Fig. 15 Rheostat Rotation AML rheostats with functional names turn clockwise to increase the function ingcribed on the nameplate. Since they Aare shown front view onthe elementary Giagram, no directional arrow is. re~ quired, All_rheostats with non-functional (identified only by assigned nomencla~ ture) names turn clockwise toinerease resistance. Since they are shown {ront jew on the elementary diagram, no di- ‘eotional arrow is required, All potentiometers with funetional nameplates will turn clockwise to n= ereage the function inseribed on the nameplate. Since they are shown front view on the elementary diagram, no directional arrow is required, All potentiometers with non-fune~ tonal (identified only by assigned no- menclature) nameplates, will turn as shown on the elementary diagram. No directional arrow is required. 1m order to fotlow this basie rte, # is sometimes necessary to use an in- verted symbol for rheostat or potenti- meter. One of the following four sym- hols is used as the case requires. aA SA vous ver Cross Referencing Interlocks are referenced to the coil with a code number in brackets, and placed immediately below the interlock ‘where the coils are shown on some ather sheet. Fig. 16. Sree omerteee cr! 2728) 4 PAGE ANB LIME Cr TE cation Fig. 17. The last two digits of the codemum- ber identify the horizontal Line on which the coll appears; the first two digits “identify the sheet on which the coil ap- pears. Example above: Coil for inter- Jock AR appears on Sheet 27, Line 24. ‘The margin to the right of the cot! 4s used for listing the total number of interlocks on the device, and the sheet ‘and Line number on whieh the interlocks of the device appear. Normally closed interlocks are underlined, Fig. 18, Example: Two of the interlocks used are located on sheets other than Sheet 27. One normally ‘pen interlock is on Sheet 28, Line 30; the other, a nor mally closed interlock, 1s on Sheet 29, Line 23. INPUTS AND OUTPUTS LEAVING EL- EMENTARY SHEETS - To further de- note where signals go to or come from, where circuits located on more than fone elementary sheet are involved, brackets [| are used to locate easily these oll-sheet signals. Example: [2142 ]- Would read Elemen- tary Sheet 21, Line 42 Cross referencing of interlocks from foreign diagrams is shown in the same manner a8 all other ¢ross refereneing, except the reforonce to the originating diagram. 33a " jie conus, leoaco2e oh.89 Fig. 19. Wire Trunking On occasions, where complex and numerous digital wire runs are re- quired, special wire trunking elemen- tary diagram practiges are used. The ‘wire signal name isusedtohelp identify the source of the wire and where it is run on the elementary sheet; Fig. 20 is arepresentative display of this practice. 1 an erene porsca_3y Fig. 20. Typical wire-trmting procedure Shielding and Grounding Figure 21 presents wiring practices with regard to symbols for grounding and various wiring techniques. Since these symbols will be seen frequent! on drawings, a few of them miu faaire additional explanation, ‘The conmmon for this equipment bas ‘been comparedtoatree. Inthis analogy, the funk consists of contro! commons (CCOM) with many brancies called analog commons (ACOM), digital com- ‘mons (DCOM), peripheral or relay commons (PCOM) and shield common (SHCOM). A few fivigs arecalted signal commons (SCOM). This tree has only ‘one root called ground (GND). 8 1. CONTROL COMMON (eC ‘This 4s the main common for a.con- trol section. It is from this common that all commons on acortrol section origi nate. ANALOG COMMON ¢ACOM) ‘The analog common is used to sup- ply power and signals to all analog de~ viees and components fed by the +50and -50 volt power supplies. 3, DIGITAL COMMON (DCOM) ‘The digital common is usedto supply power and signals to all digital devices fed by the 5, «12 and -12 volt power supplies. On occasions, this is alsofed hy the =28 volt power supply 4, PERIPHERAL COMMON (PCOM) ‘The peripheral common supplies current to relays, lights, and similar devices; all of which are fed from a £28 volt power supply 5, SIGNAL COMMON (scOM) This common is used to supply si nal current where the common system previously described is not adequate. The SCOM is primarily an analog tool 6. SHIELD CoxnwoN ¢SHCOM) ‘This fs attepoint forall non-critical ‘wire shields to common. In diagram practice, the following symbol is used{or non-critical shields: v Although many of the applications ean be filled vith non-critical shields, there are oecasions wherea shicldis critical. ‘The following symbol is used to indicate that a shield is critical: xe ‘Tho letter designation within the triangle shows the common to which the shield is to be connected: A-acom, D-Dcom caccom ‘The alpha-numeric nomenclature below the triangle is the wire number and appears below the shield. The loca ton of the triangle on the elementary sheet indicates where the shield goes to common. All shiclds that tie to this critical shield have the alpha-numeric wire number of the triangle which is obtained from its unique location on the elementary sheet Dy A -ANALOG IA=WIRE NO. (LINE, 1, UNIQUE ILPHAAD Location Terms On static-type equipment location terms locate a device physically and spatially but do not identify it, There fare two types of location terms: loca tion terme used for devices that canbe located by a row and slot position af a eard slot, and location terms used for all other devices, sueh as abbreviations lused to denote 2 location of a pilot device on an operator station. Refer to Static Symbols Section 1, page 3 for description of page, row, and slot, Power Circuits Power circuits are shown with rela- tively heavy lines as compared with ceontrol eireuits, (eee ieee ai Operating Notes Data 1s included on the more com= plex diagrams to serve as an ald for testing, installation, and operation of the equipment. It ig assumed that the user has a reasonable understanding of the equipment; therefore, a detailed ‘step-by-step interlock sequencing is not necessarily included. However, the ata will include a general description of operation, spectiie etreuit explana- tion of the more cSmplex portions of the equipment, the proper method for ‘making installation and maintenance adjustments. shielded wire, ‘This is commonly used both on and off panel. Twisted-pair shielded wire. This is used primarily as an interconnecting signal wire run between a single ip ‘oniput device ane! the control panel, Twisted-palr nonshielded wire Coaxial Cable Multiple-conductor shielded wires. Normally, this type of wire is used in the customer's interconnecting wiring where wires of like signal levels are grouped together. This symbol is nor mally not used on control panels, Where it is inconvenient to show twisted triple wires grouped together, @ number is assigned following the twisted designator. oO 0 Non-critical shiel. <2

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