Physiology of Vision

Embark on a fascinating journey into the intricate world of vision as we

explore the physiology of the human eye, the marvel of light, and the
fascinating processes that give rise to our visual perception.
by Vaishnav Chaudhari
Introduction to Physiology of Vision
Visual Sensation
Uncover how light enters the eye and is
transformed into electrical signals our
brain can interpret.
1 The Eye: A Masterpiece
Discover the incredible structure and
functions of the eye, from the cornea to
2 the retina.
3 Visual Perception
Learn how the brain interprets visual
signals, allowing us to perceive and
make sense of the world around us.
Parts of the Eye
Cornea & Lens Retina & Photoreceptors
Explore the roles of these crucial structures in Dive into the inner workings of the retina and
focusing light onto the retina. discover the incredible cells responsible for
capturing light.

Optic Nerve Pupils & Iris

Unravel the mysteries of this vital nerve, which Learn how these components regulate the
transmits visual information from the eye to the amount of light entering the eye to optimize
brain. vision.
Light and its Properties
1 Waves and Particles 2 Color Spectrum 3 Reflection
Refraction
and
Uncover the dual nature of Explore the spectrum of
light, both as an colors and learn how Discover how light
electromagnetic wave and different wavelengths of interacts with surfaces,
as a stream of particles light contribute to our producing specular and
called photons. perception of color. diffuse reflections, as well
as bending when passing
through different mediums.
Visual Pathways
From Eye to Brain
Trace the complex network of
neurons that relay visual
information from the retina to the
primary visual cortex.
Retinotopic Mapping
Unveil the phenomenon of
retinotopy, where neighboring
parts of the retina maintain their
spatial relationships throughout
the visual pathway.
Visual Cortex
Explore the multiple regions of
the visual cortex and their
specialized functions in
processing various aspects of
visual information.
Visual Processing in the Brain
Area Function
Primary Visual Cortex (V1) Initial processing of basic visual features like
edges, lines, and motion.
Ventral Stream Recognition of objects, faces, and colors.
Dorsal Stream Processing of spatial location, depth, and motion
perception.
Color Vision
1 Trichromatic Theory
Learn how cone cells in the retina enable our brain to perceive colors through
the combination of red, green, and blue signals.

2 Opponent Process Theory

Discover how our visual system interprets color in terms of opposing pairs, such
as red-green and blue-yellow.

3 Color Blindness
Explore the different types of color vision deficiencies and understand the
underlying genetic and physiological causes.
Visual Perception and Illusions

Perceptual Organization Illusions and Ambiguity Top-Down Processing

Uncover the principles behind Marvel at the deception of Explore how our prior knowledge
how our brain organizes visual illusions and the tricks they play and expectations influence our
information into coherent objects on our visual system, challenging perception of visual stimuli.
and scenes. our perception of reality.