ANNA UNIVERSITY CHENNAI 600 025

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, DINDIGUL

OCS-352 -IOT CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS

ASSIGNMENT – II

MINI PROJECT

SMART PLANT MONITERING SYSTEM

Submitted By

NAME : PRADHAPPRIYAN.S

REG.No.:922321105026

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC

ENGINEERING
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Motivation
1.4 Overview of the Project
1.5 Chapter wise Summary
2. Analysis and Design
2.1 Functional Requirements
2.2 Non-Functional Requirements
2.3 Architecture
2.4 Use case diagram
2.5. Sequence Diagram
3. Implementation
3.1. Modules Description
3.2. Implementation Details
3.3. Tools used
4. Experiment
4.1 Circuit Diagram
4.2 Source Code
4.3 Method
4.4 Working

5. Conclusions and Further Scope

References
 ABSTRACT

The IoT-based Smart Plant Monitoring System is designed to monitor and

maintain the growth and health of plants. The system works by collecting data
from various sensors and then sending that data to a mobile application through
the internet.

 Automated care capabilities

 Enhance plant growth

 Reduce resource consumption

 Promote sustainable gardening practices.

 Comprehensive plant care

ABOUT

In recent years, the intersection of technology and agriculture has led to the
development of innovative solutions aimed at optimizing plant care practices.
Among these advancements, the Smart Plant Monitoring System (SPMS) stands
out as a promising tool that integrates IoT technology with botanical science to
provide real-time monitoring and management of plant conditions.

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.Introduction

The SPMS mini-project aims to explore the design, implementation, and

functionality of a simplified version of such a system. By leveraging basic
sensors, microcontrollers, and software, we seek to create a cost-effective and
accessible solution for monitoring the vital parameters necessary for plant
growth, such as soil moisture, temperature, light intensity, and humidity.

2. Objectives

Real-time Monitoring: To continuously monitor key environmental variables

such as soil moisture, temperature, light intensity, and humidity in real-time to
ensure optimal growing conditions for plants.
Automated Management: To automate tasks such as watering, fertilization,
and ventilation based on sensor data and predefined thresholds, reducing the
need for manual intervention and ensuring consistent care.
Remote Accessibility: To enable users to access and monitor plant conditions
remotely via web or mobile applications, allowing for timely interventions and
adjustments regardless of location.

3.Motivation

The motivation behind SPMS lies in its potential to revolutionize plant care
practices, promote sustainability, and enhance the well-being of both plants and
gardeners alike.

3. overview of the project

SPMS represents a marriage of technology and agriculture, showcasing the
potential of IoT, sensors, and data analytics to revolutionize traditional
gardening practices. The development and implementation of SPMS drive
innovation in agricultural technology and inspire further advancements in smart
home and environmental monitoring systems.
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 CHAPTER 2
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Functional requirements

i. Sensor Integration
ii. Real-time Data Collection
iii. Automated Monitoring and Alerts
iv. Remote Access and Control:
v. Customization and Personalization
vi. Historical Data Logging and Visualization:
vii. User-friendly Interface
Non functional requirements
Non-functional requirements for a Smart Plant Monitoring System
(SPMS) project encompass aspects related to performance, usability,
security, reliability, and other quality attributes.

Architecture:

 Input text or plain text is taken.

 Selected Key value is read.
 Perform substitution according to the algorithm.
 Cipher text is generated.
 Encryption is processed.
 Cipher text is displayed

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User interface

4
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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 CHAPTER 3
IMPLEMENTATION
3.1Modules Description
A smart plant monitoring system typically consists of several interconnected
modules designed to monitor various aspects of plant health and environment.
 Sensor Module
 Data Acquisition Module:
 Communication module
 User Interface Module on Module
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Actuator Module:
 Data Storage Module
 Power Management Module
 Security Module
 Alerting Module
These modules work together to create an intelligent system that can effectively
monitor, analyze, and manage the health and growth of plants in various
environments, ranging from home gardens to commercial farms.

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2. Implementation
Hardware Selection:
Choose appropriate sensors for monitoring parameters like soil moisture,
temperature, humidity, light intensity, and pH levels.
Sensor Integration:
Connect the selected sensors to the microcontroller or single-board computer
according to their specifications.
Actuator Integration:
Connect actuators to the microcontroller or single-board computer, ensuring
they can be controlled based on sensor data.
User Interface Development:
Create a user interface (UI) for users to monitor plant status, adjust settings,
and receive alerts.
Testing and Calibration:
Conduct thorough testing of the system to ensure sensors, actuators, and
communication modules are functioning correctly.

3.Tools
Hardware Tools:
Microcontrollers: Platforms such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, or
ESP8266/ESP32 are commonly used for interfacing with sensors, controlling
actuators, and processing data.
Sensors: Various sensors including soil moisture sensors, temperature and
humidity sensors, light sensors, pH sensors, and environmental sensors.
Actuators: Components such as water pumps, solenoid valves for irrigation,
LED lights, and fans for environmental control.
Communication Modules: Wi-Fi modules (e.g., ESP8266, ESP32), Bluetooth
modules, Zigbee modules, LoRa modules for wireless communication.
Power Management: Batteries, power regulators, solar panels, and energy-
efficient components for managing power supply to the system.
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Software Tools:
Integrated Development Environments (IDEs): Platforms like Arduino IDE,
PlatformIO, or Thonny for writing and uploading code to microcontrollers.
Programming Languages: C/C++, Python, or JavaScript for programming the
microcontroller and developing software for data processing and analysis.
Sensor Libraries: Libraries and frameworks provided by sensor manufacturers
or open-source communities for interfacing with sensors and collecting data.
Data Processing and Analysis Tools: Python libraries like NumPy, Pandas,
and SciPy for data analysis, as well as machine learning frameworks like
TensorFlow or scikit-learn for advanced analytics.
Database Systems: SQL or NoSQL databases for storing and managing sensor
data, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, or Firebase.
Web Development Frameworks: Frameworks like Flask or Django for
developing web-based user interfaces to monitor plant status and control the
system remotely.
Mobile App Development Tools: Platforms like React Native, Flutter, or Ionic
for building mobile applications to interact with the smart plant monitoring
system via smartphones or tablets.
Cloud Services: Platforms such as AWS, Google Cloud Platform, or Microsoft
Azure for hosting web applications, storing data, and deploying machine
learning models for analysis.
Version Control Systems: Tools like Git and GitHub for managing and
collaborating on software development projects.
Testing and Debugging Tools:
Multimeters: For measuring voltage, current, and resistance in electronic
circuits.
Logic Analyzers: Tools for debugging digital signals and communication
protocols.
Serial Debugging Tools: Software tools like PuTTY or Arduino Serial Monitor
for debugging communication between microcontroller and sensors/actuators.
Simulation Software: Tools like Proteus, LTspice, or Tinkercad for simulating
electronic circuits and testing code before deploying it to hardware.
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 CHAPTER 4
Experiment
1. Circuit diagram

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2.Source Code

#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

#include
#include
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#include
#include
#define ONE_WIRE_BUS D2
OneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);
DallasTemperature sensors(&oneWire);
char auth[] ="----------------"; //Authentication code sent by Blynk
char ssid[] = "-------"; //WiFi SSID
char pass[] = "-------"; //WiFi Password
#define sensorPin D3
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int sensorState = 0;
int lastState = 0;
#define DHTPIN 2
#define DHTTYPE DHT11
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
SimpleTimer timer;
void sendSensor()
{
float h = dht.readHumidity();
float t = dht.readTemperature();
if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
return;
}
Blynk.virtualWrite(V5, h); //V5 is for Humidity
Blynk.virtualWrite(V6, t); //V6 is for Temperature
}
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
dht.begin();
timer.setInterval(1000L, sendSensor);
Serial.begin(115200);
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
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 sensors.begin();
}
int sensor=0;
void sendTemps()
{
sensor=analogRead(A0);
sensors.requestTemperatures();
float temp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
Serial.println(temp);
Serial.println(sensor);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, temp);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V2,sensor);
delay(1000);
}
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
timer.run();
sendTemps();
sensorState = digitalRead(sensorPin);
Serial.println(sensorState);
if (sensorState == 1 && lastState == 0) {
Serial.println("needs water, send notification");
Blynk.notify("Water your plants");
lastState = 1;
delay(1000);
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//send notification
}
else if (sensorState == 1 && lastState == 1) {
//do nothing, has not been watered yet
Serial.println("has not been watered yet");
delay(1000);
}
else {
//st
Serial.println("does not need water");
lastState = 0;
delay(1000);
} delay(100); }

2. Method
A smart plant monitoring system typically involves a combination of
sensors, data processing, and communication technology to monitor and
manage the health and growth of plants. Here's a method to design one:

Define Objectives: Understand what you want to achieve with your

smart plant monitoring system. Are you interested in monitoring soil
moisture, light intensity, temperature, humidity, or all of these factors?
Define the parameters you want to monitor.

Select Sensors: Choose appropriate sensors for the parameters you want
to monitor. For example, you might use soil moisture sensors, light
sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, pH sensors for soil acidity,
etc. Make sure these sensors are compatible with your chosen platform
(e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi).

Hardware Setup: Connect the selected sensors to a microcontroller or

single-board computer like Arduino or Raspberry Pi. Ensure proper
wiring and connections.
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Data Acquisition: Write code to read data from the sensors connected to
the microcontroller. This code will vary based on the type of sensors you
are using. You may need to use analog or digital inputs, and there may be
libraries available to facilitate this process.

Data Processing and Analysis: Process the acquired data to extract

meaningful insights. You may need to filter the data, calibrate sensor
readings, and perform calculations. For example, you might calculate the
average soil moisture level over time or determine if the light intensity is
sufficient for plant growth.

User Interface: Develop a user interface to display the monitored data in

a human-readable format. This could be a web-based interface, a mobile
app, or a desktop application. Include features such as real-time
monitoring, historical data analysis, and alerts for abnormal conditions
(e.g., low soil moisture).

Communication: Implement communication protocols to enable remote

monitoring and control. This could involve Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GSM, or
other wireless technologies. Ensure data security and privacy measures
are in place, especially if transmitting sensitive information over the
internet.

Integration with Automation Systems: Optionally, integrate your smart

plant monitoring system with automation systems for tasks like watering
plants based on soil moisture levels or adjusting lighting based on
ambient light conditions.

Testing and Calibration: Test your system extensively to ensure

accurate sensor readings and reliable performance. Calibrate sensors if
necessary to improve accuracy.

Deployment: Install the smart plant monitoring system in your desired

location, whether it's a greenhouse, garden, or indoor plant environment.

Maintenance and Updates: Regularly maintain the system by checking

sensor functionality, updating software as needed, and replacing
components when necessary.
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4.Working of system
The working of a smart plant monitoring system project involves several
components working together to monitor, collect data, analyze, and provide
insights into the health and conditions of plants. Here's an overview of how such
a system typically operates:

Sensor Data Collection:

Sensors, such as soil moisture sensors, light sensors, temperature and humidity
sensors, and pH sensors, are deployed in the plant environment.
These sensors continuously measure the relevant parameters, such as soil
moisture, light intensity, temperature, humidity, and pH levels.
Data Acquisition:
The sensor data is collected by a microcontroller or a single-board computer
(e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi) to which the sensors are connected.
The microcontroller reads the sensor data through analog or digital inputs.
Data Processing:
The collected sensor data is processed to extract meaningful insights. This may
involve filtering, calibrating, and analyzing the data.
Processing algorithms may calculate metrics such as average soil moisture
levels, light exposure duration, temperature fluctuations, and pH balance.
Data Storage:
Processed data may be stored locally on the microcontroller or transmitted to a
cloud-based storage system.
Storing data allows for historical analysis, trend identification, and comparison
over time.
User Interface:
A user interface is provided to visualize the monitored data in a user-friendly
format.
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This interface could be a web application, a mobile app, or a desktop
application.
Users can view real-time data, historical trends, and receive alerts for abnormal
conditions.
Communication:
The system may communicate data and alerts to users through various means
such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GSM, or Ethernet.
Wireless communication enables remote monitoring and control of the plant
environment.
Alerts and Notifications:
The system can generate alerts and notifications based on predefined thresholds
or abnormal conditions detected by the sensors.
Users may receive alerts via email, SMS, or push notifications on their devices.
Automation (Optional):
Automation features can be integrated into the system to perform tasks like
automated watering based on soil moisture levels or adjusting lighting based on
ambient light conditions.
This enhances efficiency and reduces the need for manual intervention.
Testing and Calibration:
The system undergoes testing to ensure accurate sensor readings, reliable
performance, and proper functionality of all components.
Sensors may be calibrated to improve accuracy and reliability.
Deployment and Maintenance:
Once tested and calibrated, the system is deployed in the desired plant
environment, such as a greenhouse, garden, or indoor space.
Regular maintenance involves checking sensor functionality, updating software,
and replacing components as needed.
By following this working process, a smart plant monitoring system can
effectively monitor and manage the health and conditions of plants, helping to
optimize growth and productivity while minimizing resource wastage.
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 5. Conclusion

In conclusion, a smart plant monitoring system project offers a

comprehensive solution for monitoring and managing the health and conditions
of plants. By integrating sensors, data processing, communication technology,
and user interfaces, this system provides real-time insights into various
environmental factors affecting plant growth. Here are key points to summarize:

Efficient Data Collection: The system utilizes a range of sensors to collect data
on crucial environmental parameters such as soil moisture, light intensity,
temperature, humidity, and pH levels.
Data Processing and Analysis: Collected data is processed and analyzed to
derive meaningful insights, including trend analysis, anomaly detection, and
performance evaluation.
User-Friendly Interface: A user interface, which can be web-based, mobile, or
desktop, presents the monitored data in a visually understandable format. Users
can access real-time data, historical trends, and receive alerts for abnormal
conditions.
Remote Monitoring and Control: The system enables remote monitoring and
control of plant environments through various communication channels such as
Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GSM, or Ethernet.
Automation for Efficiency: Automation features, if integrated, automate tasks
like watering, lighting adjustments, and nutrient supplementation based on
sensor data, enhancing efficiency and reducing manual intervention.
Alerts and Notifications: The system generates alerts and notifications to
promptly notify users of critical events or conditions requiring attention, thus
preventing potential plant damage or loss.
Accuracy and Reliability: Through testing, calibration, and maintenance, the
system ensures accurate sensor readings, reliable performance, and minimal
downtime.
Optimization of Plant Growth: By providing actionable insights and
facilitating timely interventions, the smart plant monitoring system optimizes
plant growth, productivity, and resource utilization.In essence, a smart plant
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monitoring system project represents a holistic approach to modern agriculture
and indoor gardening, leveraging technology to enhance plant care practices,
promote sustainability, and empower growers with actionable information for
better decision-making.
FURTHER SCOPE
The further scope of plant monitoring systems lies in leveraging emerging
technologies, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and addressing evolving
challenges in agriculture and environmental sustainability. By continuously
pushing the boundaries of innovation, these systems can contribute to more
efficient, resilient, and sustainable food production systems for the benefit of
society and the planet.

Reference
Website: https://robocraze.com
Website: https://www.instructables.com

AI : Chatgpt

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