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2. What is habitat?
Answer: The place where organisms live and which provide food and safety for them is ‘called habitat.
3: What is adaptation?
Answer: The presence of specific feature or habits, which enables a plant or animal to live in its
surroundings, is called adaptation.
8: How are animals living in mountain regions adapted to the conditions there?
Answer: Animals living in the mountain regions have thick skin or fur to protect them from cold.
10: How animals like whale and dolphin which do not have gills breathe?
Answer: They breathe in air through nostrils or blowholes located on the upper part of their head.
11: What is the difference between roots of terrestrial plants and aquatic plants?
Answer: In terrestrial plants roots play role in absorption of water and minerals from the soil. Whereas in
aquatic plants roots are reduced in size and their main function is to hold the plant in place.
22. Classify the following habitats into terrestrial and aquatic types.
Grassland, Pond, Ocean, Rice field
Answer: Terrestrial habitats – grassland, rice field
Aquatic habitats – pond, ocean
25. Name any two plants which can reproduce through cuttings.
Answer: Rose and cactus.
28. Paheli has a rose plant in her garden. How can she increase the number of rose plants in the garden?
Answer: She can increase the number of rose plants in the garden by planting stem-cutting of the rose plant
which grows into a new rose plant.
29. Why do desert snakes burrow deep into the sand during the day?
Answer: As the deeper layers of sand are cooler, they burrow deep into the sand to stay away from heat of
the desert during day time.
32. Some desert plants have very small leaves whereas some others have only spines. How does this benefit
the plants?
Answer: These are adaptations to dry conditions. As a result of these modifications the surface of lamina is
reduced thereby reducing water loss by transpiration.
33. What are the specific features present in a deer that helps it to detect the presence of predators like lion?
Answer: (i) Long ears to hear movement of predators.
(ii) Eyes on the sides of its head which allow it to look in all directions.
36. Why do submerged aquatic plants have narrow, thin, ribbon-like leaves?
Answer: This adaptation is to provide less resistance to the flowing water.
41. Explain why many mountain trees are cone-shaped having sloping branches.
Answer: This is due to prevention of branches and leaves from damaging by rain water and snow. Due to
sloping branches rain water and snow slides off easily.
42. Frogs can live both on land and in water, name the adaptations seen in these animals.
Answer: Frogs have strong back legs that help them in leaping and catching their prey. They have webbed
feet which help them to swim in water.
The changes made by an individual The small changes that take place in the body of an
by which it adjusts to varying conditions. individual due to changes in the surrounding.
They kill other animals for food. They are killed by other animals for food.
For example, lion. For example: Deer
Living organisms need food, air and water Non-living Organisms do not need food, air and water
They can move on their own. They cannot move on their own.
Living organisms are sensitive. They respond to Non-living organisms are not sensitive. They do not
changes around them. respond to changes around them.