AIM : In order to assess the safety of the temples, the dissertation will also present a dimensional

study of temples from various historical eras in the northern and southern styles.
OBJECTIVE : 1. Recognise the fundamental principles of Hinduism and how they apply to the planning
and construction of Hindu temple architecture.
2. Discuss the idea of a Hindu temple, its development, and the use of different building materials with
a particular emphasis on the Nagara or "north Indian style" and the Dravidian or "south Indian style"
3. Using examples from Nagara (also known as the "north Indian style") and Dravidian (also known as
the "south Indian style") Hindu temples, define and synthesise the geometry and structural systems of
Hindu temple architecture.
4. Researching the material properties, building methods, and procedures used in the construction of a
Hindu temple.
5. Temple dimensions studied in relation to basic safety indices
LITERATURE REVIEW :
● SCOPE : Hindu temples in various parts of India offer plenty of opportunity for study, not only in
terms of iconography, form, and transformation, but also in terms of building technology and
structural analysis.
● SOURCES : Hardy, 2007 ; www.britannica.com ; Brown, Percy. 1942 ; Prabhakar Shankar, “The
Vastu Vidya of Vishvakarma”, Studies in Indian architecture ; Brown, Percy. 1942 ; Rowland, B.
1953 ; Fletcher, Sir. Banister. 1992
● SYNTHESIS : The specifics of various types, forms, and architectural features developed
between the "Nagara" and the "Dravidian" style are not taken into account in this study either.
CRITICAL EVALUATION : The study does not address the Buddhist temples, which are the
source of Hindu temples. The Jain temples have also been excluded from the scope of the
current study because their architecture differs from Hindu temple architecture only in terms of
iconography rather than form and style, not in a fundamental way.
○ The study focuses primarily on temples made of stone, excluding structures made of wood
or brick. The study excludes the wooden temples found in Kerala and the Himalayan
foothills.
○ Understanding the structural justification for using specific conventional construction
techniques for these temples begins with an examination of the Hindu temple's plan and
various other components, as well as the shapes and sizes that they took on over the
course of centuries of temple development.

●
CONCLUSION : . The basic principles and motivation behind temple construction are revealed by
examining India's ancient past and its temples. Temples were built as potent places where a person
could absorb the energies of the enshrined deities, not as a place of prayer or worship. The majority of
temples were built to focus on a specific aspect of life and were therefore dedicated to opening up one
or two specific chakras, which are the body's primary energy centres.

REFERENCE : 1. Brown, Percy. 1942. Indian Architecture:Buddhists and Hindu Period. Bombay:
Taraporevala & Sons.
2. Rowland, B. 1953. The Art and Architecture of India. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
3. Fletcher, Sir. Banister. 1992. The History of Architecture. New Delhi: CBS Publishers and
Distributors.
AIM : In order to assess the safety of the temples,
the dissertation will also present a dimensional
study of temples from various historical eras in the
northern and southern styles.
Recognise the fundamental
principles of Hinduism and how
they apply to the planning and
construction of Hindu temple
architecture.

Recognise the fundamental

principles of Hinduism and
how they apply to the
planning and construction of
Hindu temple architecture.