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Bhimrao Ambedker hospital on 20/9/2023 with the complaints of runny nose, fever, cough, feeling fullness
of chest, breathing problem. General condition was poor and he was diagnosed Bronchitis.
HEALTH HISTORY
Past medical –. My patient had no any past medical history
Past surgical history- My patient had no any past surgical history
Non-.Vegetarian : My client is taking non vegetarian diet. He is taking 3-4gm sodium daily and
now patient weight is 65 kg. And while eating sometimes feels shortness of breath
No. of meals per day : Normally 3 times take meal per day and taken oily food
Any allergic to any food items: No any allergy.
ELIMINATION PATTERN:-
Bowel pattern- he had normal regular bowel pattern. Patient feet or ankle not having swelling and
never strain to have a bowel movement.
Bladder pattern- he had normal urine pattern.
ACTIVITY-EXCERCISE:-
Patient activities of daily living or exercise limited because of his disease condition before one week
patient was able to perform usual activities and he feels discomforts while exercise usually patient
was doing 20 min. Exercise daily.
SLEEP-REST PATTERN:-
patient had insomnia during night and in day time due to breathlessness .Patient use one pillows to
sleep at night, sometimes wake up at night and feel as he cannot breath, patient not feels sleep apnea
and 2-3 times a night he wake up to urinate.
COGNITIVE-PERCEPTION PATTERN:-
Hearing acquity is normal, vision acquity is normal and patient experience dizziness and have chest
pain.
Family health history:- my client Mr. Suraj Singh was suffer from Bronchitis disease and my
client’s other family member are healthy, No any history of hereditary disease like systemic illness
(DM, hypertension, asthma, convulsion, malignancies), communicable disease, psychiatric disease,
cardiovascular disease and congenital disorders. This illness not affected role that he play in daily
life.
FAMILY HISTORY
Family health history-No family history of hereditary disease like systemic illness etc.
Pedigree chart- key points-
Patient
Female
Male
Male (Death)
Female(Death)
FAMILY COMPOSITION:-
Patient is cooperative with the treatment and nursing care he has anxiety and stress due to his illness
he take mind divisional technique to divert mind.
VALUES-BELIEF PATTERN:-
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS:
Social factors –Mr.Suraj singh relationship with other is good. My client belong from Nuclear
family, live in his own pakka house, with proper facilities of – water, ventilation, electricity is
properly supply, drainage, waste disposal, latrine, clinic, health centers is not available nearer to the
client house, market, temple, school and transportation near the house, hospital is not available
nearer to the clients house.
Economic factors- Client family income is Rs. 15,000/- month and she belongs to middle class
family
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
GENERAL APPERANCE
Level of consciousness: Conscious.
Orientation: Oriented to place/time and person.
Activity: Dull
Body built: Normal.
General grooming: Clean and appropriate.
Position/posturing: Posture and position is normal
Facial expression: Facial expression is anxious.
Other observations: Look’s dull/tense.
VITAL SIGN
Temperature:- 100.4°F
Pulse:- 90 beat/minute
Respiration:- 28breath/minute
BP:- 110/80 mmHg
SPO2 :- 93%
Pinna: Pinna shape are oval and other abnormalities pinna irregular ear are absent in my client.
Level in relation to eyes: Top of pinna level with outer canthus of the eye.
Canal: Ear canal is clean and other abnormalities discharge, redness and foreign body are absent in
my client.
Cilia: Present.
Cerumen: Present.
Tympanic membrane: Pearly white and no any inflamed, cone of light, land mark, scarring,
bubbles and fluid is present in my client.
Hearing : Normal
Tuning folk test: Normal hearing
Hearing aids : No
Size and shape: Small and shape is nares symmetrical and other abnormalities are absent in my
patient.
Nasal septum: Nasal septum normal located in midline and no perforation seen in nasal septum.
Nasal mucosa and turbinate: Nasal mucosa is wet, redness is present.
Nasal cavity- right nasal cavity is normal, but in left nasal cavity excessive discharge is present.
Patency of nares: Obstruction and any abnormality is absent.
Olfactory : Normal
Sinuses: Inflammation and tenderness is present.
MOUTH AND PHARYNX INSPECTION
Lips: colour-Dry.
Teeth: Yellowish and other abnormalities are absent in my client.
Dental caries and fillings: No dental caries present
Dental hygiene: Dental hygiene is good.
Breathe odour: Bad odour, odour of food or drug are present in client.
Gums: Colour is pink, moist gum and sensitivity is present. Bleeding gums present and other
abnormalities are absent in my client.
Facial and gloss pharyngeal : Normal
Tongue: Pink colour and dry tongue
Hypoglossal: Normal
Mucosa: Intact and dry. No any lesion, leukoplakia and masses are present in my client.
Palate: Moist and no any other abnormalities dry palate and color changes are absent in my client.
Uvula: Normal
Pharynx: No seen any type of dysphasia.
Tonsils: Normal tonsil present.
Temporomandibular joint: Fully mobile symmetrical joint.
CHEST
Shape and size- Symmetrical, lesion, shiny and scar are absent.
Respiratory rate – 28 b/m Normal and irregular
Thoracic cage shape –No barrel chest shape is normal shape.
Skin colour and condition – Normal
Breathe sound – wheezing sound present.
Movement of chest wall-Normal
Palpation: - Tenderness is absent
Percussion: Resonance sound presents no fluid collection.
Lung auscultation –Wheezing sound present
Heart rate: normal S1,S2 sound heared, pulse rate is 90 b/m and blood pressure is 110/80 mmHg,
S3, S4 is absent
ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION
Enlargement : Abdominal distension is absent
Contour: Normal.
Skin : Not intact
Pain and tenderness: No pain.
Fluid collection is absent.
Bowel sound present.
EXTREMITIES
Back: Normal shoulder level but pain is present and not any abnormalities.
Vertebral column alignment: Straight no any abnormalities.
Joints: Deformities are absent.
Range of motion: Normal.
Extremities: Symmetrical and dry extremities. No any variation, clammy and flabby extremities are
absent.
Lower extremities: Normal.
INFERENCE
My client came to hospital with the complain of shortness of breath, fever, runny nose, feeling fullness of
chest his general appearance is, he is conscious, look anxious his body temperature is 100 °F and 93%
SPO2,respiration is 28b/m nasal mucosa is wet and redness is present, lips is dry and wheezing breath sound
is present.
INVESTIGATION:-
DATE INVESTIGATION NORMAL VALUE PATIENT REMARK
VALUE
20/9/2023 Haemoglobin 13-18g/dl 12g/dl Decreased
Neutrophils
Tab 10 Oral/OD Used to control and - Esophagitis Numbness, GI- abdominal For asthma,
prevent symptoms associated with tingling sensation, pain, diarrhea, administer once
Montelukast mg
caused by asthma. Is GERD. sinus - hyperglycemia daily in the
also used to relieve pain/swelling,
- Decrease relapse evening. for
symptoms of hey muscle weakness
fever and allergic rates of day time allergic rhinitis,
rhinitis and night time may be
heartburn. administered at
- To treat any time of day.
syndromes caused
by lots of stomach
acid
Name of the Dose Route Freq. Mechanism of action Indication Contra- Side Effect Nurse’s
Drug Indication Responsibility
Inj. 500m IV BD Replace endogenous Management of Liver disease, Depression, Head-to-toe
cortisol in deficiency adrenocortical kidney disease, headache, dizziness, patient
Hydrocortisone g
state insufficiency heart rhythm diarrhea, assessments for
disorder, constipation, rash, potential side
pregnancy and itching, mouth effects.
hypersensitivity. sores.
Laboratory
monitoring
should be done.
Inj. Pantoprazole 40mg IV BD Bind to an enzyme in - Esophagitis Hypersensitivity, GI- GI bleeding, -Assess arthritic
the presence of acidic associated with lactation, abdominal Pain pain and
gastric PH, preventing GERD. pediatric EENT-tinnitus limitation of
the final transport of
- Decrease GU – acute renal movement before
hydrogen ion into the
gastric lumen relapse rates of failure and periodically
day time and during therapy
night time
heartburn. -Assess pain and
limitation of
- To treat movement,note
syndromes type,location,and
caused by lots of intensity
stomach acid beforeand 30-60
min after
administration
DOROTHEA OREM: SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY
Dorothea Orem is a nurse theorist who pioneered the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory. Get to know
Orem’s biography and works, including a discussion about the major concepts, subconcepts, nursing
metaparadigm, and application of Self- Care Deficit Theory.
In 1971, Orem’s career as an author began with the publication of her book, Nursing: Concepts in Practice
(now in its sixth edition). This book was the original foundation for her theory of self-care, a concept that
is still taught in nursing colleges to this day.
This broad theory she defined as “the act of assisting others in the provision and management of self-care
to maintain or improve human functioning at home level of effectiveness.” Orem’s theory focuses on each
individual and “the practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf in
maintaining life, health, and well-being.”
The theory of self-care, which focuses on the performance or practice of activities that individuals
perform on their own behalf. Those might be actions to maintain one’s life and life functioning, develop
oneself or correct a health deviation or condition.
The theory of self-care deficit, which defines when nursing is needed because a person is limited or
incapable of providing self-care and needs help.
The theory of nursing system, which focuses on the relationship between a nurse and a client and the
wholly or partial compensatory nursing system and supportive-educative system that takes place between
nurse and a person.
Self-Care Theory
Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory focuses on each “individual’s ability to perform self-care,
defined as ‘the practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own behalf in
maintaining life, health, and well-being.'” The Self-Care or Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing is
composed of three interrelated theories: (1) the theory of self-care, (2) the self-care deficit theory, and
(3) the theory of nursing systems, which is further classified into wholly compensatory, partially
compensatory and supportive-educative.
Major Concepts of the Self-Care Deficit Theory
In this section are the definitions of the major concepts of Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory:
Nursing
Nursing is an art through which the practitioner of nursing gives specialized assistance to persons with
disabilities, making more than ordinary assistance necessary to meet self-care needs. The nurse also
intelligently participates in the medical care the individual receives from the physician.
Humans
Humans are defined as “men, women, and children cared for either singly or as social units” and are the
“material object” of nurses and others who provide direct care.
Environment
The environment has physical, chemical, and biological features. It includes the family, culture, and
community.
Health
Health is “being structurally and functionally whole or sound.” Also, health is a state that encompasses
both the health of individuals and groups, and human health is the ability to reflect on oneself, symbolize
experience, and communicate with others.
Self-Care
Self-care is the performance or practice of activities that individuals initiate and perform on their own
behalf to maintain life, health, and well-being.
Self-Care Agency
Mother, father,sister,
cousin
Agency-Nurses,nurses leader
1. Acute pain related to coughing as evidence by patient verbalization & patient facial expression.
3. Ineffective airway clearance related to increased sputum production as evidence by pain and
discomfort, planned treatment modalities.
4. Risk for spread of infection related to compromised lung defense system as evidence by inadequate
food intake.
5. Risk for pulmonary infection related to respiratory tube infection as evidence by self assessment
6. Impaired communication related to shortness of breath as evidence by communicating with the
patient
7. Lack of health awareness related to disease and treatment process as evidence by questioning
answering
sment Nursing Goal Planning Implementation Rationale Evalu
diagnosis
ctive Acute pain Relief To assess the patient pain Assessment the level of pain To know the At the
related to from level is to be done patient of my
coughing as pain. condition patien
nt evidence by relief
lain that patient Teach patient to gargle with Gargle with salt water by the Helps to pain
l pain in verbalization salt water atleast thrice a day patient is to be done promote absorv
roat & patient healing facial
facial expres
expression. Teach to patient to take warm Warm drinks for drinking is Helps to throug
drinks for drinking done it helps to reduce the reduce the use of
episode of cough episode of scale=
cough
Semisolid diet given
ctive Meals that are appealing and For easily
Give analgesic drug to relief appetizing to the patient are swallowing
from pain provided and digestion
vation I
that Analgesic drug tablet
t has Paracetamol 500 mg BD
n his according to physician Helps to
by prescription given reduce pain
ssion
Assessment Nursing Goal Planning Implementation Rationale
diagnosis
Subjective Altered Maintain Check the patient vital Vital sign monitoring has to Vital sign checking
data thermoregul body sign be done temperature=100.4 help to identify the
Patient ation related temperat Pulse=90 beat/min Patient condition
complain that to infection ure Respiration=28 breath/min
he feel as evidence Blood pressure=130/80
hotness in his by checking
body vital sign To maintain room Put on the fan of the room Help to maintain the
temperature room temperature
Objective data
On remove extra cloth Removing extra cloth from Help to decrease patien
observation I the patient body has to be body temperature
found that done
patient has
fever by sponging with normal Sponging with normal water Help to reduce patient
checking vital water has to be done body temperature
sign
Advice to the patient At least 3-4 liter water Helps to clear the
Objective Increase fluid intake intake in a day has to be airway
data done
On
observation
I found that Teach to patient about Teaching about coughing Helps to loosen the
patient has Coughing exercise exercise is to be done thick secretion and
breathing enable them to
difficulty expectorate easily
21/9/2023 Inj. Augmentin 2400/2300 98.8° 88 26 110/70 99% Advice Gargle with
500 mg/100 ml F b/m b/m mm/H On 1 water
Inj. Pantoprazole g Lit O2 Advice take Warm
40 mg BD Meals that are appe
Inj. and appetizing
Hydrocortisone Administer Analges
500 mg
Tab.montelukaste
10 mg OD
22/07/2022 Inj. Augmentin 2400/2200 98.4° 84 20 110/80 99% Assess patient gene
500 mg/100 ml F b/m b/m mm/H On ½ condition about hyg
Inj. Pantoprazole g lit O2 comfortable
40 mg BD
Inj. Plan patient diet lik
Hydrocortisone protein diet, warm d
500 mg for drinking
Tab.montelukaste
10 mg OD Personal hygiene li
bathing regularly, m
oral hygiene proper
Providing hygienic
during nebulization
medication adminis
HEALTH EDUCATION
DISEASE CONDITION-
Instruct patients with BRONCHITIS to seek medical care for evaluation of new symptoms, including
fever.
Advise them regarding their heightened risks for infection.
MEDICATION
HYGIENE
DIET
Consume a diet high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy products
To reduce intake of sweets, sugar-added beverages.
Limit saturated fat to 5-6% of calories. Reduce trans-fats. Consume no more than 2,400 mg/day of
sodium.
EXERCISE
Advised the client daily do exercise.
Advised the client to do relaxation therapy.
FOLLOW UP
3. Janice L. Hinkle Kerry. H, Cheever Brunner And Suddarth’s. Text Book Of Medical
Surgical Nursi 1ng: 12th Edition. Volume 2. New Delhi: Published By Wolters
CARE PLAN ON
bronchitis
SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY