JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE, EXTENT OF USE, AND

CHALLENGES ON THE USE OF VIRTUAL

LABORATORY IN LIFE SCIENCES

CAMELLE EVE R. ALVIAR

Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School

Mariano Marcos State University
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements For the
Degree

MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION

(BIOLOGY)

May 2023
 APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis titled, JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE,

EXTENT OF USE, AND CHALLENGES ON THE USE OF VIRTUAL
LABORATORY IN LIFE SCIENCES prepared and presented by CAMELLE EVE
R. ALVIAR, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Arts in
education (Biology), is hereby recommended for approval.

EVA B. MACUGAY, Ph.D.

Chair, Advisory Committee

VIDA V. ANTONIO, EdD

Member, Advisory Committee

ROMELYN LAGURA,PhD
Member, Advisory Committee

MELCHOR S. CASTRO, MAEd

Member, Advisory Committee

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Arts
in Education (Biology).

DOREEN D. DOMINGO, EdD,

PhD
Dean, Graduate School

__________________________
Date Signed
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
“Use your being poor and little as a motivation in life to achieve greatness that

was difficult and hard for us to attain. Dreams and ambitions are heavy, but the spark

to make them come true is already within you.” R.H.E.M

This research is one of the researcher’s stepping stones toward making her

ambitions a reality in her life. It is impossible to thank everyone who contributed to the

successful completion of this research. Their contributions, large and small, are critical

to the success of this venture. Thus, the researcher wishes to convey her heartfelt

appreciation and profound gratitude to the individuals listed below, who have

generously donated their time, effort, love, and care in completing this research:

Dr. Eva B. Macugay, her research adviser for sharing her expertise, giving

valuable suggestions, patience and lift of encouragement before and during the study.

Dr. Vida V. Antonio, Dr. Romelyn T. Lagura, and Prof. Melchor S. Castro,

member of the advisory committee, for sharing their time and knowledge in the

refinement of this study.

Dr. Doreen D. Domingo, for her full support in the whole success of the

Graduate School.

Dr. Ronald Candy S. Lasaten, the Graduate School Secretary for his reliable

words of encouragement.

Dr. Lilibeth G. Abrogena, the Graduate School Program Chair for her

commitment and patience to help the researcher.

 Her mother, Mrs. Remedios Alviar, RHEM, who passed away not long ago and

the Researcher’s ultimate source of strength and motivation to finish this study, who

continuously supports and guides her even in the afterlife;

Her brother, John Moriancumer Alviar for being there to cheer her up and his

patience for keeping the researcher in check during those hard days and sleepless

nights;

Her nana, who serve as an inspiration in giving her best;

Her friends in graduate school, who shares their ideas and experiences for her to

come up with this study;

And above all, to God Almighty for bestowing her the strength and wisdom to

unravel the hidden treasure of understanding. For the immeasurable blessings and

strengths, He has given each day.

C.E.R.
A
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Acknowledgment iii-iv
Table of Contents v-vi
List of Figures vii

CHAPTER

I. THE PROBLEM

Background of the Study 1-3

Statement of the Problem 4
Significance of the Study 5
Scope and Delimitations of the Study 6
Definition of Terms 7-8

II. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Review of Literature and Studies 9

Science in the K to 12 Curriculum 9-10
Virtual Laboratory in Science Education 11-12
Teachers’ Profile and their Extent of VL Use 13-15
Teachers’ Knowledge on the Use of VL 15-19
Teachers’ Challenges on the Use of Virtual Laboratory 19-20
Theoretical Framework 21
Conceptual Framework 22-23

III. METHODOLOGY

Research Design 24
Locale of the Study 24
Population and Sampling 24-25
Research Instruments 25
Data Gathering Procedure 25-26
Statistical Treatment of Data 26
Ethical Consideration 26
 I. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS
AND INTERPETATION OF DATA

II. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

CURRICULUM VITAE