DAY 15: TENSE + PASSIVE VOICE

I. TENSE: THÌ
1. Nhóm thì đơn
Quá khứ đơn Hiện tại đơn Tương lai đơn
Verb Was/ were Is/ are/ am Will be
V-ed/ V2 V-inf, V-s/-es Will + V-inf
Signal Yesterday, ago, last, Every, usually, often, Tomorrow, next,
of time in 2000 sometimes,… upcoming, Soon in 2026
Example I bought a new car She often walks to work. They will move to New
yesterday. York next month.
*Thì hiện tại đơn:
• Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại (sự việc xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại).
• Diễn tả sở thích, năng lực của bản thân.
• Diễn tả sự thật, chân lý không thể phủ nhận.
• Diễn tả hành động xảy ra theo lịch trình, thời gian đã định sẵn.
*Thì quá khứ đơn:
• Diễn tả hành động đã bắt đầu và đã kết thúc hoàn toàn trong quá khứ.
• Diễn tả một chuỗi các hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ.
*Thì tương lai đơn:
• Diễn tả hành động sắp xảy ra trong tương lai không có dự định trước.

2. Continuous tenses (nhóm thì tiếp diễn)

CÔNG THỨC CHUNG: BE + ing
Quá khứ tiếp diễn Hiện tại tiếp diễn Tương lai tiếp diễn
Verb Was/ were + V-ing Am/ is/ are + V-ing Will be + V-ing
Signal of At this time yesterday Now, right now, at At this time tomorrow
time At 6 PM last night the moment, at present, At 6 PM tomorrow
currently Next, soon, …
Example I was sleeping at 8:30 The manager is meeting The meeting will be
last night. with new clients now. happening at 8:00
tomorrow.

Ms. Khánh Huyền – 0983.369.912 1

 *Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn:
• Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại thời điểm nói.
• Diễn tả hành động xảy ra liên tục làm người khác khó chịu.
• Diễn tả kế hoạch trong tương lai, có dự định từ trước và được chuẩn bị, lên kế hoạch
rõ ràng
*Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn:
• Diễn tả hành động đã đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
• Diễn tả nhiều hành động xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ (đi với while).
• Dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy ra thì một hành động khác xen vào.
*Thì tương lai tiếp diễn:
• Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm xác định trong tương lai.
• Diễn tả nhiều hành động xảy ra đồng thời trong tương lai.

3. Perfect tenses (nhóm thì hoàn thành)

CÔNG THỨC CHUNG: HAVE + P2
Quá khứ hoàn thành Hiện tại hoàn thành Tương lai hoàn thành
Verb Had + P2 Has/ have + P2 Will have + P2
Signal Before (đứng cuối câu) For, since, up to now, so By, by the end of, by
of time By the time, before, far, already, just, recently, next, as of next,
after lately, yet, for the past/last, by the time, before
over the past/ last
Example I had turned off the I have learned English for She will have joined the
lights before I went 10 years. company for 5 years by
home. the end of July.

Thì hiện tại hoàn thành:

• Diễn tả 1 sự việc vừa mới xảy ra
• Diễn tả 1 sự việc đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ nhưng còn liên quan đến
hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành:
• Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong quá khứ.
• Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
Thì tương lai hoàn thành:
• Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong tương lai.
• Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm xác định trong tương lai.

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 *Các thì hoàn thành ở dạng tiếp diễn (hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn, quá
khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn, tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn) chủ yếu dùng để
nhấn mạnh về sự liên tục của 1 hành động.

Công thức:
HTHTTD QKHTTD TLHTTD

Has/ have been + V-ing Had been + V-ing Will have been + V-ing

* S-V agreement (sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ)
Sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ thực chất là việc chia động từ theo
chủ ngữ số ít/ số nhiều sao cho phù hợp.
Chủ ngữ Chia động từ

Chủ ngữ số ít: Đại từ ngôi 3 số ít (he/ she/ it), To be: is, was
danh từ số ít (an employee), danh từ không đếm Động từ thường: V-s/es (has,
được (information), … goes, works,…)

Chủ ngữ số nhiều: đại từ số nhiều (they, we), To be: are, were
danh từ số nhiều (employees) Động từ thường: V-bare
(have, go, work,…)

II. PASSIVE VOICE: CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

1. Công thức câu bị động ở các thì khác nhau: BE + P2

Hiện tại đơn Am/ is/ are + P2 Is advertised

Quá khứ đơn Was/ were + P2 Were advertised

Tương lai đơn Will be + P2 Will be advertised

Hiện tại tiếp diễn Am/ is/ are being + P2 Are being developed

Quá khứ tiếp diễn Was/ were being + P2 Was being developed

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 Hiện tại hoàn thành Has/have been + P2 Has been found

Quá khứ hoàn thành Had been + P2 Had been found

Tương lai hoàn Will have been + P2 Will have been found
thành

Modal Verbs Modal Verbs + be + P2 Should be examined

(should, can, may, May be canceled
have to …)

* Cấu trúc 03 câu điều kiện:

Loại 1: If + S+ V(s/es) +…, S+ will + V(bare) +…
Dùng diễn tả kết quả của một sự việc có thể xảy ra trong hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ex: If you study hard, you will get good scores.
Loại 2: If + S + V-ed + …, S + would + V(bare) + …
Dùng để miêu tả những tình huống không có thật, không có khả năng xảy ra ở hiện tại
hoặc tương lai và đặt giả thiết về kết quả nếu nó có thể xảy ra.
Ex: If I have wings, I would fly.
Loại 3: If + S + had + V(pp) + …, S + would + have + V(pp) + ...
Dùng để mô tả một giả thiết không có thực ở quá khứ và dẫn tới một kết quả cũng không
có thực trong quá khứ (mang tính mong muốn của người nói, người viết rằng việc gì đó đã
xảy ra/không xảy ra).
Ex: If I had learned Korean harder, I would have moved to Seoul.

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 PRACTICE 1:
1. Everyone when gas prices go up. (complains/ complain)
2. Some children at the ice-cream shop every day. (stop/ stops)
3. They as consultants. (work/ works)
4. The manager on a business trip every month. (goes/ go)
5. When she the report, she will bring it to you. (finish/ finishes)
6. My company’s Christmas party at 9 o’clock tonight. (start/ starts)
7. The information about the courses at the bottom of the page. (is/ are)
8. The sales meeting usually at 5.
A. begins B. began C. begin D. will begin

9. If he the team, we will start the project right away.

A. join B. will join C. joins D. joined

10. Many workers ______abroad in 2003.
A. go B. goes C. went D. will go
11. Several computer manufacturers __________ their new lines in the next few months.
A. introduce B. will introduce C. introduction D. introducing

12. The hotel’s recreational facilities _______ a swimming pool and tennis courts.
A. include B. inclusion C. includes D. to include
13. The meeting ________ at 9 AM tomorrow.
A. takes place B. will take place C. took place D. taking place
14. Ms. Cooper ______ one of her new clients 3 days ago.
A. were meeting B. was meeting C. meets D. met
15. Helen is going to ________ A&T Communications next week.
A. will leave B. to leave C. left D. leave
16. The traffic lights _______ working last night because of the heavy rain.
A. stop B. stops C. stopped D. to stop

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 17. The customer service department usually ______ with customers’ complaints related
to our products.
A. dealing B. deals C. dealt D. will deal
18. Most of the stores downtown ______ at 10 in the morning and close at 9 P.M.
A. open B. opens C. have opened D. will open
19. Before they submitted the proposal, they ________ a lot of research for it.
A. has done B. will have done C. had done D. did
20. She was working on her report when the fire ______.
A. happened B. happens C. to happen D. is happening
21. Our CEO ________ an important workshop at the moment.
A. attends B. are attending C. attending D. is attending
22. The community center ______ for donations to help the disable and the elderly.
A. ask B. is asking C. to ask D. have asked

23. He _________ handouts when I entered the room.

A. will be B. has distributed C. was D. were
distributing distributing distributing
24. The manager and the staff members ________ a discussion right now.
A. are having B. were having C. having D. will be having
25. I ________ a presentation at 8:30 last night.
A. am preparing B. were preparing C. have prepared D. was preparing
26. The memo informed us that the company _________ out the renovation of the office next
month.
A. carry B. will be carrying C. has carried D. was carrying
27. The grocery store in this town is temporarily closed because it ________ a renovation.
A. undergo B. is undergoing C. have undergone D. underwent
28. At this time tomorrow, Mr. Thompson _______ an important conference.
A. is attending B. will be attending C. attends D. was attending

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29. The cost of living in the country ______ by 17 percent over the last 15 years.
A. will rise B. have risen C. rises D. has risen
30. Mr. Jantick _______ in the military for 6 months by the end of the year.
A. have served B. will serve C. will have served D. served
31. Jim _______ for a consulting firm before he came here.
A. has worked B. worked C. had worked D. been worked
32. Since last winter, they _______ financial difficulties.
A. has experienced B. experienced C. have experienced D. experiencing
33. Before they submitted the proposal, they ______ a lot of research for it.
A. had done B. have done C. will have done D. did
34. Mr. Heath ________ Richard Barth as a financial officer by next May.
A. appoints B. will appoint C. will have appointed D. has appointed
35. The number of tourists visiting this city ______ for the past few months.
A. rises B. risen C. has risen D. have risen
36. This advertisement ________ a lot of new customers since it was released last week.
A. attracts B. will attract C. have attracted D. has attracted
37. As of next February, the accounting manager _______ away for 2 years.
A. has been B. will have been C. had been D. was
38. They _______ several meetings with new clients for 2 weeks.
A. have B. have had C. are having D. will have
39. If Ms. Kim successfully _______ the project, she will be promoted to sales manager.
A. complete B. completes C. will complete D. to complete
40. The factory’s productivity _______ since the new manufacturing system was operational.
A. improves B. improved C. had improved D. has improved
41. Fashion, Inc. _______ the order before Ms. Cho requested to cancel it.
A. ships B. is shipping C. had shipped D. will have shipped
42. Mr. Miller’s books have received great reviews since they ________.
A. were published B. publishing C. are published D. will be published

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43. If the weather ________ nice, the company’s picnic would have been held as scheduled.
A. was B. is C. has been D. had been
44. By the end of this year, the Personnel manager ______ the employee reviews.
A. completes B. had completed C. will be completed D. will have completed
45. Sunset Co. _______ another branch office in Florida in the near future.
A. will opened B. opens C. opening D. is going to open
46. The manager _______ to your email as soon as he finishes the meeting with his new
clients.
A. replies B. to reply C. will reply D. replied
47. The play _______ before we arrive the theater.
A. is beginning B. will have begun C. begins D. to begin
48. If this month’s sales were not so low, the manager _______ a bonus for all employees.
A. will pay B. paid C. would pay D. would have paid

PRACTICE 2:
1. On account of Mr. Sanderson's excellent presentation, the directors ….. him for the job of
Marketing Supervisor.
(A) recommended
(B) recommends
(C) recommending
(D) to recommend
2. After the applications have been submitted, Fred and Lisa … which individuals they would
like to interview.
(A) will choose
(B) was choosing
(C) choose
(D) has chosen

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3. Because assembly line workers have been working overtime, meeting consumer demand for
the company's high-end products ……. on schedule.
(A) will be remaining
(B) are remaining
(C) remain
(D) remains
4. lf the order …… on schedule before closing time, then there will be no problems.
(A) is delivered
(B) delivery
(C) is delivering
(D) delivered
5. By the time Ms. Venarde joined the staff, she ….. in a similar capacity for many years
already.
(A) has worked
(B) works
(C) will work
(D) had worked
6. The firm's hiring guidelines were ….. by the new vice president after he listened to
complaints by some employees in the Human Resources Department.
(A) revise
(B) revised
(C) revising
(D) revision
7. You should ….. the package I mailed no later than tomorrow morning.
(A) receivable
(B) receiving
(C) receive
(D) receives

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8. The nominating committee unanimously …... Eric Carpenter as the company's employee of
the year.
(A) select
(B) selecting
(C) selected
(D) was selected
9. Power to the whole building …... during the intense thunderstorm.
(A) loses
(B) is lost
(C) was lost
(D) losing
10. The secretary …... copy paper and toner every Monday, so please let her know if she needs
to procure a larger amount this week.
(A) orders
(B) ordered
(C) order
(D) to order
11. When Mr. Marino …… to London next month, he will meet with several
influential businessmen and politicians.
(A) goes
(B) to go
(C) was going
(D) going

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12. Everyone who applied for an internal transfer …… a letter last week explaining the status
of their application.
(A) was sending
(B) would send
(C) will be sent
(D) was sent
13. Sometime during the next week, Hoffman Legal Services ..… a new program designed to
provide some comprehensive yet inexpensive services for its clients.
(A) will create
(B) was created
(C) having created
(D) had been created
14. The applicants ..… to visit the company for a face-to-face interview.
(A) require
(B) requires
(C) is requiring
(D) are required
15. The directors ….. the number of hours that employees can work in the course of a week.
(A) regulates
(B) regulate
(C) regulating
(D) is regulated
16. According to the latest government reports, manufacturing equipment ….. very well right
now.
(A) selling
(B) sold
(Q is selling
(D) are sold

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17. Weather forecasters …… that the temperature would continue dropping for the next few
days.
(A) predicted
(B) prediction
(C) predictable
(D) predictably
18. Several of the best letters will be ..… in each monthly issue of the magazine.
(A) publish
(B) published
(C) publication
(D) publishing
19. After Peter Saks ..… the Sales Department, he eliminated the policy that let sales staff use
company cars for personal business.
(A) joins
(B) joined
(C) is joining
(D) has been joining
20. Mr. Chapman ….. employed by Regis Electronics or its subsidiaries for the last 22years.
(A) is
(B) has
(C) has been
(D) could be
21. The department managers are ….. whether to cut back on operating costs or to apply for
more funding.
(A) consider
(B) considers
(C) considering
(D) considered

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22. Those individuals have ..… to making the company more profitable.
(A) contributed
(B) contributions
(C) contribute
(D) contributor
23. Mako Consulting usually ….. extremely high rates for its clients, but it accepted a lesser
amount in return for a guaranteed long-term contract with RTE Electronics.
(A) charge
(B) charges
(C) charging
(D) is charging
24. lf the offer ….. received in a timelier manner, it most likely would have been accepted.
(A) has been
(B) had been
(C) was being
(D) were being

HOMEWORK DAY 15
• Nghe, chọn đáp án đúng part 1 (file 15.1)
• Nghe, chọn đáp án đúng part 2 (file 15.2)
• Nghe, chọn đáp án đúng part 3 (file 15.3)
• Nghe, chọn đáp án đúng, chép chính tả part 3 (file 15.4)
• Làm bài đọc part 7

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 File 15.1: Part 1

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

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File 15.2: Part 2

7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
12. 13. 14. 15. 16.
17. 18. 19. 20. 21.
22. 23. 24. 25. 26.
27. 28. 29. 30. 31.
File 15.3: Part 2:

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File 15.4: Part 3

41. Where does this conversation probably

44. Who is Mr. Park talking to?
take place?
A. A friend
A. At a reception desk
B. His assistant
B. On a factory floor
C. A client
C. At a technology conference
D. A travel agent
D. In an elevator
45. Why does the woman call Mr. Park?
42. What floor does Ms. Evans work on?
A. To remind him of a special offer
A. First
B. To arrange to meet with him
B. Second
C. To confirm his schedule
C. Third
D. To request a document from him
D. Fourth
46. When does Mr. Park say he will call the
43. Why does the man want to speak with
woman back?
Ms. Evans?
A. This morning
A. He is trying to sell some equipment.
B. This afternoon
B. He needs to review a procedure.
C. Tomorrow morning
C. He is looking for employment.
D. Tomorrow afternoon
D. He wants to make a purchase.

50. What are the speakers mainly

47. Where most likely are the speakers?
discussing?
A. At a grocery store
A. How they will get to the airport
B. At a restaurant
B. What they will do in the evening
C. At a furniture store
C. What they will have to eat
D. At a movie theater
D. What movie they will see
48. Why was the woman concerned?
51. Who is Kathy expecting from New York?
A. The door will not close properly.
A. A relative
B. The staff did not have enough to do.
B. A co-worker
C. There were too many tables.
C. A friend
D. There were not enough clean dishes.
D. A classmate
49. What will the man probably do next?
52. What will Kathy do next?
A. Help a customer
A. Visit Susan
B. Load the dishwasher
B. Buy some tickets
C. Clean some utensils
C. Make a reservation
D. Find some more chairs
D. Get some money

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53. When did the man receive the book? 56. What is this conversation about?
A. Today A. The location of a package
B. Yesterday B. A new assistant
C. Two weeks ago C. The shortage of boxes
D. A month ago D. A printing problem
54. What is suggested about the book? 57. Who is Ms. Meyers?
A. It is expensive. A. A mail room employee
B. It is popular. B. An office supply salesperson
C. It has a defect. C. A co-worker of Ms. Bingman
D. It has color pictures. D. A shipping company representative
55. What does the woman ask for? 58. What will the man probably do next?
A. A credit card number A. Mail some letters
B. A receipt B. Order some ink cartridges
C. A billing address C. Deliver a package to Lisa Bingman
D. A delivery date D. Write Ms. Bingman’s name on a package

59. Where is the newspaper?

62. Where does the woman work?
A. By a window
A. At a department store
B. In a coffee-break room
B. At a telephone company
C. In a computer lab
C. At a shipping company
D. At a newsstand
D. At a financial institution
60. What kind of offer did the man read
63. Why is the man calling?
about?
A. To transfer money between accounts
A. A free newspaper subscription
B. To request payment of a bill
B. A discount on laptop computers
C. To order electronic equipment
C. Fast Internet access
D. To schedule a job interview
D. Cheap coffee
64. What does the woman ask for?
61. What does the woman suggest?
A. An address
A. Taking a short break
B. A password
B. Reading a different newspaper
C. A phone number
C. Looking at a Web site
D. An account number
D. Going to a computer store

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 65. Who is the woman?
68. What are the speakers discussing?
A. A builder
A. The dates of a future vacation
B. A weather forecaster
B. The results of a marketing survey
C. A shop owner
C. An employee’s attendance at a meeting
D. An event planner
D. A chart from a recent report
66. Why has construction been delayed?
69. Where is Edmund?
A. The weather has been bad.
A. He is at his desk.
B. The building supplies were delivered late.
B. He is away on a trip.
C. The crew has been working on another
C. He is making copies.
project.
D. He is at a client’s office.
D. The building design was changed.
70. What does the woman say she will do?
67. What does the woman expect to do in
A. Reschedule a meeting
June?
B. Take notes at a meeting
A. Schedule a party
C. Help Edmund write a report
B. Open a store
D. Go over a document with Edmund
C. Receive some shipments
D. Finish a construction project

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 Vocabulary Day 15
= Because of sth
1. On account of sth
Cá nhân
2. Individual (n)
(a) một mình, riêng lẻ
Nhu cầu của khách hàng
(a) Consumer demand (n)
Công việc/ vị trí công việc cụ thể
(b) Capacity (n)
Nhất trí, đồng lòng
(c) Unanimously (adj)
Ẩn danh
(d) Anonymously (adv)
Hội đồng đề cử
(e) Nominating committee (n)
Lớn, mãnh liệt, khắc nghiệt
(f) Intense (a)
Thu được, mua được, đạt được
(g) Procure (v)
Chính trị gia có tầm ảnh hưởng
(h) Influential politician (n)
Thuyên chuyển nội bộ
(i) Internal transfer (n)
Dịch vụ toàn diện
(j) Comprehensive service (n)
Quy định, điều chỉnh
(k) Regulate (v)
Dự đoán
(l) Predict = anticipate (v)
Hủy bỏ, xóa bỏ
(m) Eliminate (n)
Chi phí vận hành
(n) Operating cost (n)
Sinh lời, có lợi nhuận
(o) Profitable = lucrative (a)
Trải qua
(p) Undergo (v)
Người khuyết tật
(q) The disable (n)

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 Giải quyết
(r) Deal with (v)
Cơ sở giải trí
(s) Recreational facility (n)
Liên quan đến
(t) Relate to (v)
Phân phối, phân phát
(u) Distribute (v)
Đóng góp
(v) Contribute (v)
Kinh nghiệm
(w) Experience (n)
(v) trải qua
Ra mắt, phát hành
(x) Release (v/n)
Thu hút khách hàng
(y) Attract customers
Năng suất
(z) Productivity (n)
Hoạt động
(aa) Operate (v)
Hoạt động
Operational (a)
Dây chuyền lắp ráp
(bb) Assembly line (n)
Dây chuyền sản xuất
Production line (n)
Dòng sản phẩm
Product line (n)

Ms. Khánh Huyền – 0983.369.912 30