CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Experiment:1

Aim:
Installation Process of Linux

Software Required:
The objective of this experiment is to know about Installation of different operating systems like
Ubuntu.

Description:
Linux is an open-source Unix-like operating system-based family on the Linux kernel, and the OS
kernel was first published on 17 September 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Typically, Linux is packaged as the
Linux distribution, which contains the supporting libraries and system software and kernel, several of
which are offered by the GNU Project. Several Linux distributions use the term "Linux" in the title, but
the Free Software Foundation uses the "GNU/Linux" title to focus on the necessity of GNU software.

Steps:
Step 1: Open VirtualBox and click on the New button.
Step 2: Give a name to your Virtual Machine and select the location for it to install.
Step 3: Assign RAM size to your Virtual Machine.
Step 4: Create a Virtual Hard disk for the machine to store files.
Step 5: Select the type of Hard disk. Using VDI type is recommended.
Step 6: Either of the physical storage type can be selected. Using Dynamically allocated disk is by
default recommended.
Step 7: Select disk size and provide the destination folder to install.
Step 8: After the Disk creation is done, boot the Virtual Machine and begin installing Ubuntu.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472
Step 9: If the installation disk is not automatically detected. Browse the file location and select the
ISO file for Ubuntu.
Step 10: Proceed with the installation file and wait for further options.
Step 11: Click on the Install Ubuntu option, this might look different for other Ubuntu versions.
Step 12: Select Keyboard layout, if the defaults are compatible, just click on the continue button and
proceed.
Step 13: Select installation type. By default, it is set to Normal installation, which is recommended,
but it can also be changed to Minimal installation if there is no need for all Ubuntu features.
Step 14: Click on the Install Now button and carry on with the installation. Do not get worried with
the Erase disk option, it will only be effective inside the virtual machine, other system files outside
the VirtualBox remain intact.
Step 15: Click on the continue button, and proceed with writing changes on the disk.

Implementation:

1. Download the Ubuntu ISO file: We can download an Ubuntu ISO using the
link https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop/thank-you?version=22.04.1&architecture=amd64

2. Create a new virtual machine

Click New to create a new virtual machine. Fill in the appropriate details:

•Name: If you include the word Ubuntu in your name the Type and Version will auto-
update.
• Machine Folder: This is where your virtual machines will be stored so you can resume
working on them whenever you like.
• ISO Image: Here you need to add a link to the ISO you downloaded from the Ubuntu
website.
We want to install Ubuntu unattendedly so we can leave the checkbox to skip unchecked.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Create a user profile:

To enable the automatic install we need to prepopulate our username and password here in
addition to our machine name so that it can be configured automatically during first boot.

The default credentials are:

• Username: deepkalra
• Password: kalra786
Ensure your Hostname has no spaces to proceed.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472
It is also recommended to check the Guest Additions box to install the default Guest Additions
ISO that is downloaded as part of VirtualBox. Guest additions enables a number of quality of life
features such as changing resolution and dynamic screen resizing so it is highly recommended.

Define the Virtual Machine’s resources

In the next section we can specifiy how much of our host machine’s memory and processors the
virtual machine can use. For good performance it’s recommended to provide your VM with
around 8GB of RAM (althought 4GB will still be usable) and 4 CPUs.

Then we need to specify the size of the hard disc for the virtual machine. For Ubuntu we
recommend around 25 GB as a minimum. By default the hard disk will scale dynamically as
more memory is required up to the defined limit. If you want to pre-allocate the full amount,
check the ‘Pre-allocate Full Size’ check box. This will improve performance but may take up
unnecessary space.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Click Next to continue and view a summary of your machine setting.

After this click Finish to initialize the machine.

3. Install your image

Click Start to launch the virtual machine.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

You will see a message saying ‘Powering VM up …’ and your desktop window will appear. On
first boot the unattended installation will kick in so do not interact with the prompt to ‘Try and
Install Ubuntu’ and let it progress automatically to the splash screen and into the installer.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

You will notice at this stage that the resolution of the window is fixed at 800x600. This is
because the Guest Additions features are not installed until after the Ubuntu installation has
completed.

Once the installation completes, the machine will automatically reboot to complete the
installation.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Finally you will be greated with the Ubuntu log-in screen where you can enter your username
and password defined during the initial setup (don’t forget that the default password is
‘changeme’ if you left everything as the default).

4. Explore Virtual Box

Enjoy your shiny new Ubuntu Desktop!

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Once you’ve finished your session you can close your machine by clicking the X in the top right
of the window and choosing whether to keep your machine frozen in its current state or shut it
down completely.

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848

 CourseName: Securing Window and Linux Lab Course Code: CSB-472

Output:

Name: Shubham Bharti UID: 19BCS2848