Quarter 2:

HEALTH TRENDS,
ISSUES, AND
CONCERNS IN
THE NATIONAL
LEVEL
MAPEH 10
Submitted by:
Submitted to: Ma’am Flordeliz S. Llanita
Republic Act No. 7394 or the Consumer Act of
the Philippines has three objectives (Galvez
Tan, et al., 2009):
1. Protect the interest of the consumer
2. Promote his/her general welfare
3. Establish standards of conduct for business
and industry
To achieve the objectives, the Act aims to
protect people against hazards to
health and safety, and deceptive and unfair
sales acts and practices. In this light, the policy
mandates for information dissemination and
education to facilitate sound choice and proper
exercise of rights by the consumer.
The Consumer Act also covers the quality and
safety of different products like food, drugs,
cosmetics, and devices. The policy also
promotes the protection of citizens against
hazardous substances that may be in sale.
Hence, proper labeling and fair packaging shall
be required for all the products being sold.
Aside from health information and products,
health services also play an Important role in
appraising and improving the well-being of a
person, Health services. which are also covered
under the Consumer Act, are also availed by
consumers.
In connection with the Consumer Act, Republic
Act 8423 or the Traditional and Alternative
Medicine Act of 1997 (TAMA) provides for the
improvement of quality and delivery of
healthcare services in the country through the
development of traditional and alternative
healthcare and its integration into the national
health care system.
The policy also identifies medicinal plants in the
country which are readily available. These
medicinal plants shall be given care by different
agencies. In order to coordinate various
activities and programs in the traditional and
alternative health care delivery system, the Act
provisions the establishment of the Philippine
Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health
care (PITAHC) to accelerate the
Informed Choice
As stated in the Act, effective and quality
reproductive health care services, which are
ethically and medically safe, legal, accessible,
and affordable, shall be given primacy to ensure
the health of the mother and child. Also, the
government shall promote and provide
unbiased information and access to these
services. This pillar also covers the provision for
the integration of reproductive health and
sexuality education in schools
Respect For Life
The Act recognizes that abortion is illegal and
punishable by law. However, mothers will be
identified to have aborted an unborn child will
be served with post-abortive treatment and
counseling in a humane, nonjudgmental.
Birth Control
Reproductive healthcare, information, and
supplies shall be made available most especially
to poor beneficiaries. However, the Act
provisions also that the government must
respect the citizen's individual preferences and
choices of family planning method.
Responsible Parenthood
Couples determine their ideal family size. In
addition. the government shall equip each
parent with needed information in all aspects of
family life, reproductive health, and this pillar.
You sent
According to Dr. Natividad (2013), in the Young
Adult Fertility and Sexuality Study of 2013
(YAFS-4), a survey of Filipino college and high
school graduates, 36.2 percent and 43.5 percent
respectively admitted to having engaged in
premarital sex. In addition 66.7 percent and
79.6 percent did not use any protection at first
premarital sex. These scenarios are most often
the causes of infections.
Readings:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or AIDS
is caused by human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV) which usually does not have symptoms in
its early stages. "Initially, people with HIV were
diagnosed as having AIDS only when they
developed blood infections, the cancer known
as Kaposi's sarcoma, or any of the 21 other
indicator diseases" (Donatelle, 2006). In
addition, HIV is highly infectious through
unprotected sexual intercourse, breastfeeding
(of an infected mother to infant), and blood
transfusion/injecting drugs (needles used for
infected patients). Currently, there are several
treatment options for HIV and AIDS, but no
known cure yet.
The Republic Act No. 8504 or the Philippine
AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998 was
passed by the Congress on July 28, 1997. The
Act promulgates "policies and prescribing
measures for the prevention and control of
HIV/AIDS in the Philippines, instituting a
nationwide HIV/AIDS information and
educational program, establishing a
comprehensive HIV/AIDS monitoring system,
strengthening the Philippine National AIDS
Council, and for other purposes (PNAC),
The Act also provides for education and
information dissemination in various institutions
and agencies, safe practice and procedures
(testing, screening, and counseling) in health
organizations and associations, monitoring of
cases with confidentiality, and programs for
Substance Use and Abuse
Gateway drugs may be considered as windows
to unprotected sex. These are drugs "that
people use initially that may eventually lead to
the abuse of illegal drugs" (Galvez Tan, et al.,
2009). Alcohol and tobacco are gateway drugs.
When alcohol is consumed, the central nervous
system is affected. Thus, a person is more
vulnerable to doing dangerous acts because of
depressed decision-making skills.
On the other hand, the government also
provides protection from these gateway drugs
through the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs
Act and the Tobacco Regulation Act.
Republic Act No. 9165 or the Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 protects citizens
from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs to
their physical and mental well-being. According
to the policy, here are some which are
considered as
A.unlawful acts and are subject to penalties and
fines. a. Importing of dangerous drugs and/or
controlled precursors and essential chemicals
(narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances)
B. Selling, trading, administering, dispensing,
delivering, distributing, and transporting
dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors
and essential chemicals c. Maintaining a drug
den, drive, or resort
C. Manufacturing of dangerous drugs and/or
controlled precursors and essential chemicals
D Manufacturing or delivery of equipment,
instrument, apparatus, or other paraphernalia
for dangerous drugs and/or controlled
precursors and
E.essential chemicals
f. Possessing dangerous drugs, equipment,
instrument, apparatus, or other paraphernalia .
Possessing dangerous drugs during parties,
social gatherings or
G. meetings h. Cultivating or culturing plants
classified as dangerous drugs or sources of such
H. Unnecessary prescribing dangerous drugs
On the other hand, Republic Act No. 9211 or
the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003 protects
people from the sale, use, and advertisements
of hazardous tobacco products.
In order to promote a healthful environment,
the Act absolutely bans smoking In public
places, most especially in centers of youth
activities, elevators and stairwells, fire-
hazardous places, within public and private
hospitals and medical clinics, airport and other
terminals, and food preparation areas. In this
light, a designated smoking and non-smoking
area should be utilized.
The Act also restricts access to sale of tobacco
products to minors. Tobacco may not be put in
a vending machine, unless it verifies age, and
may not be sold within 100 meters of a school.
Should tobacco be sold, there should be proper
signage that indicates target consumers.
When it comes to advertising and promotions,
the Act provisions the printing of warnings on
cigarette packs in either Filipino or English. In
addition, health warnings should also be
included.
Lastly, the government should provide
programs and projects for those who shall be
affected by the passing of the Act. One example
of which are the tobacco growers. The Act
provisions you as adolescents. You are is the
developmental stage wherein you build lasting
relationships with peers. Here are some issues
that you may encounter
With the advancement of technology, there are
various platforms where you may express
yourself. This diversity may do both good and
harm to you "Cyber refers to a computer or a
computer network, the electronic medium in
which online communication takes place Thus,
cybercrime is simply any crime committed in
cyberspace To protect the citizens from this
concern, the government mandated Republic
Act No 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act
of 2012. The law mandates the prohibition of
cybersex, child pornography, unsolicited
commercial communications, and computer-
related identity theft.
Social
Child Pornography
In relation to cybercrime, child pornography has
become a pressing concem of this generation.
Republic Act No. 9775 or the Anti Child
Pornography Act of 2009 defines the crime of
child pomography As defined, "Child
pornography" refers to any representation,
whether visual, audio, or written combination
thereof, by electronic, mechanical digital,
optical, magnetic or any other means, of child
engaged or involved in real or simulated explicit
sexual activities" (Official Gazette 2009). In
addition, it is also important to note how the
Act defines a "child". "Child" refers to a person
below eighteen (18) years of age or over, but is
unable to fully take care of himself/herself from
abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation or
discrimination because of a physical or mental
disability or condition. For the purpose of this
Act, a child shall also refer to
(1) a person regardless of age who is presented,
depicted or portrayed as a child as defined
herein and
(2) computer-generated, digitally or manually
crafted images or graphics of a person who is
represented or who is made to appear to be a
child as defined herein Child pornography may
also be syndicated if there are three
(3) or more persons confederating with one
another. In this light, it is not only the victim
who can file a complaint, but the parents or
guardians, relative within the third degree,
officer or social worker of a licensed child-caring
institution or DSWD, barangay chairman, law
enforcement officer, at least three concerned
responsible citizens in the same place where the
pornography occurs, and a person who is
knowledgeable of the law may do so
Hazing
Fraternities and sororities, gangs, and social
groups are starting to become more and more
identified and publicized. Because of their
"alleged" prestige and prime, more teens are
encouraged to be a part of them. For some of
these groups, hazing may be an option to test
an "applicant's" willingness and commitment.
On the other hand, hazing is very dangerous,
and proven to have killed many lives.
The government protects the youth through the
Republic Act No. 8949 or the Anti-Hazing Law.
The Act penalizes those who will go too far
during initiation rites wherein the "applicant" is
subjected to severe physical and emotional pain
and suffering
Blood Donation
Being proactive citizens of the country, you
must willingly help others in ways that will not
harm you. One of the emerging forms of
voluntary service is blood donation. Republic
Act No. 7719 or the
National Blood Services Act of 1994 aims to
promote and encourage voluntary blood
donation by the citizenry, provide for adequate,
safe and affordable and equitable distribution of
blood and blood products In order to attain
these aims, the Act provisions the establishment
of a Blood Services Network which consists of
the following:
a. National Council for Blood Services and its
various committees
It serves as the governing body of the network
and is responsible for the approval of various
policies on blood services.
b. Philippine National Blood Services
Under its Blood Centers, it works on the
recruitment, retention. and care of voluntary
blood donors, collection of blood from qualified
donors, testing of units of blood for infectious
diseases, and the like.
c. Authorized Blood Collection Units and
Facilities
d. Private and Public Hospital Blood Banks and
Blood Stations
e. Non-Hospital Health Facilities 1. National
Reference Laboratories for Immunology and
Immunopatholpogy
Safety in the Environment
Pollution and road safety are two of the most
usual issues that concern you as a member of
your community. Here are some policies most
appropriate to address these concerns.

1. Pollution

With the exponential growth in population,

more resources are being demanded and
supplied to the people. However, people do not
manage these resources properly. Thus,
pollution arises. That is why the government
mandated the Republic Act No. 9512 or the
National Environmental Awareness and
Education Act of 2008.

This Act promotes environmental awareness

through environmental education. Various
educational agencies, DSWD, DOST, and DENR
shall integrate environmental education in their
curricula. It shall encompass the concepts and
principles, laws, international and national best
practices, threats of degradation and its impacts
to human well-being, responsibilities of humans
in conservation, protection and rehabilitation of
resources, and sustainable development
through the environment. In addition,
environmental education shall also be part of
the National Service Training Program (NSTP).

Road Safety
Road accidents are one of the most frequent
causes of death among Filipinos. To respond to
this alarming situation, citizens are protected by
la through these Republic Acts.

Republic Act No 8750 or the Seat Belts Use Act

of 1999 aims to secure and safeguard
passengers and drivers of motor vehicles from
injuries and other effects of vehicular accidents.
The policy includes the mandatory wearing of
seatbelts by the driver and front seat
passengers of any running motor vehicle. The
Act also prohibits children from sitting in the
front seat of any motor vehicle.In addition,
Republic Act No. 10586 or the Anti-Drunk and
Drugged Driving Law also penalizes those who
will be caught driving under influence of
alcohol, dangerous drugs, and similar
substances, and for other purposes.
Criteria In Checking Health Notes

Completeness-25
Neatness-25
Total-50