INDIAN SCHOOL WADI KABIR INTERNATIONAL

CLASS NOTES 2023-24

CHAPTER 3 – OUR CHANGING DIGITAL WORLD – INTERNET

CANDIDATE
NAME
CANDIDATE
NUMBER EDUCATOR’S SIGNATURE

DIGITAL LITERACY
4 CREATORS/DISCOVERERS

What is the Internet?

It is a global network of millions of computers that exchange information. It is the largest
computer network today and it connects thousands of private, governmental, and
academic networks. You can find a huge amount of information, photos, videos, and music
on the Internet.
Safety rules to be followed while using the Internet:
While using a social networking platform it is important to make sure that your privacy
settings are set appropriately and that what you share would not reveal anything of a
personal or financial nature. Here are some tips to protect your privacy online.
1. Keep your personal information professional and limited
2. Keep your privacy settings on
3. Make sure your Internet connection is secure
4. Be careful what you download
5. Choose a strong password
6. Be careful what you post. Don’t forget your texts are visible to all your friends, so try
not to write something that can be easily misunderstood.
7. Keep your antivirus program up to date
8. Be careful whom you meet online
9. Make online purchases from secure sites
10. Practice safe browsing
11.Do not open any emails from unfamiliar senders. Delete any suspicious-looking
emails
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Common Internet Terms:
ISP – Internet Service Provider
HTTPS – Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
URL – Uniform Resource Locator
WWW – World Wide Web
IP – Internet Protocol
ISP:
An internet service provider (ISP) provides access to the internet. This access can be
through a cable, DSL, or dial-up connection. All internet-connected devices run each
request through an ISP to access servers where they can view web pages and download
files. The servers provide these files through their ISP.

Examples of ISPs include AT&T, Comcast, Verizon, Cox, and NetZero. These ISPs may be
wired directly to a home or business or beamed wirelessly using satellite or other
technology.

HTTPS:

Hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS) is the secure version of HTTP, which is the
primary protocol used to send data between a web browser and a website. HTTPS is
encrypted to increase security of data transfer. This is particularly important when users
transmit sensitive data, such as by logging into a bank account, email service, or health
insurance provider.

Any website, especially those that require login credentials, should use HTTPS. In modern
web browsers such as Chrome, websites that do not use HTTPS are marked differently than
those that are. Look for a padlock in the URL bar to signify the webpage is secure. Web
browsers take HTTPS seriously; Google Chrome and other browsers flag all non-HTTPS
websites as not secure.

WWW:

The World Wide Web -- also known as the Web, WWW or W3 -- refers to all the public
websites or pages that users can access on their local computers and other devices through
the Internet. These pages and documents are interconnected by means of hyperlinks that
users click on for information.

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It exists for just one purpose—to identify the web address.

Example: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web

IP Address:

An IP address, or Internet Protocol address, is a series of numbers that identifies any device
on a network. Computers use IP addresses to communicate with each other both over the
internet as well as on other networks.

An IP address is a series of four decimal numbers separated by dots. For example

91.198.174.225
Each of the four numbers that make up an IP address can be in the range of 0-225.

URL:

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a unique identifier used to locate a resource on the
Internet. It is also referred to as a web address. URLs consist of multiple parts -- including a
protocol and domain name -- that tell a web browser how and where to retrieve a
resource.

End users use URLs by typing them directly into the address bar of a browser or by clicking
a hyperlink found on a webpage, bookmark list, in an email or from another application.

Sections of an URL:

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Using the URL https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/search/query?q=URL as an example,
components of a URL can include:

The protocol. Used to access a resource on the internet. Protocols include http, https, ftps.
The resource is reached through the domain name system (DNS) name. In this example, the
protocol is https.

Domain name. The unique reference that represents a webpage. For this example, what
is.techtarget.com?

Path. A path refers to a file or location on the web server. For this example, search/query.

To summarize, these are the three basic elements of a website URL:

The protocol – HTTP or HTTPS.

The domain name that identifies a site.

The path leading to a specific web page.

References:
1. https://usa.kaspersky.com/resource-center/preemptive-safety/top-10-internet-
safety-rules-and-what-not-to-do-online
2. Book: Digital Teens 3 & 4@2018 Binary logic SA
3. https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/URL
4. https://www.lifewire.com/internet-service-provider-isp-2625924
5. https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/learning/ssl/what-is-https/
6. https://themeisle.com/blog/what-is-a-website-url/
7. https://www.cisco.com/c/en_in/products/security/email-security/what-is-
spam.html

Video References:
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQAHkX5GQvs
9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBKa9Ay8ebs
10.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXsomnDkntI
11.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiKeLOKc1tw