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Work and Energy Concepts Explained

The document discusses different types of energy including kinetic, potential, thermal, and elastic potential energy. It defines work and power. Formulas are provided for kinetic energy, work, and horsepower. Conservative and non-conservative forces are explained as well as the conservation of energy and momentum. Examples of elastic and inelastic collisions are given.

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33 views3 pages

Work and Energy Concepts Explained

The document discusses different types of energy including kinetic, potential, thermal, and elastic potential energy. It defines work and power. Formulas are provided for kinetic energy, work, and horsepower. Conservative and non-conservative forces are explained as well as the conservation of energy and momentum. Examples of elastic and inelastic collisions are given.

Uploaded by

Kitten Animates
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Unit 5

Work: happens when a force causes an object to move


Formula: (J) OR
Negative work: when word is acting in the opposite direction to the direction of motion

Energy: the ability to do work


- Energy is conserved, so the total energy in a system remains the same
- Energy is a scalar quantity — it only has magnitude

Types:
- Thermal
- Electrical
- Chemical
- Mechanical potential and kinetic

Kinetic Energy: energy of an object in motion

- Formula:

Thermal Energy: Avg kinetic energy of atoms


- Atoms move at extremely quick speeds
- Fast the speed the hotter the temperature

Work Energy Principle: net work is equal to the change of kinetic energy
-

Potential Energy: stored energy


Gravitational potential energy:

Elastic potential energy: potential energy for a spring to do work

Total mechanical energy:

Conservative Forces
Conservative forces: forces in which the path taken doesn't change the work done
Non conservative forces: forces in which the path taken does change the work done
Conservation of energy: total mechanical energy for conservative forces
- Total energy for a closed system will remain the same

Power: the of change of work/energy

- Formula:
Horsepower (HP) = 745.7W

Practice Problems:
1. A person pulls a 50kg crate 40m along a floor by a force of which acts at .
The floor exerts a force of friction of Ff = 50N. Work?
2.

Unit 6
Momentum:
Impulse:

Linear momentum: momentum of objects moving in the same line

Newton's 2nd Law: rate of change of impulse is force

Conservation of momentum:

Types of collisions:
- Elastic: kinetic energy is conserved (objects bounce off each other)
- Inelastic: kinetic energy is not conserved

Explosion: an inelastic collision that is an internal force that causes an object to propel itself in many
diff directions

Nonconservative forces: an object will have diff energy after


- Transform mechanical energy to other forms
- Ex. friction
-
-

Elastic Collisions: KE is conserved


- All objects speed remain same after collision
- Objects are going opp directions after

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