Based on the provided input on “Political Formations During the Eighteenth Century,”

here are the questions for each question type:

**A) Set of Questions Derived from the Content:**

1. **Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):**

- 1. Who succeeded Aurangzeb as the Mughal Emperor in 1707?

- a) Bahadur Shah

- b) Jahandar Shah

- c) Farrukhsiyar

- d) Muhammad Shah

- **Answer:** a) Bahadur Shah

- 2. Which of the following kingdoms rose on the remains of the Mughal Empire?

- a) Awadh

- b) Bengal

- c) Hyderabad

- d) All of the above

- **Answer:** d) All of the above

2. **True or False Questions:**

- 1. The Later Mughals saw the rise of independent kingdoms.

- **Answer:** True
 - 2. Bahadur Shah successfully controlled all provinces during his rule.

- **Answer:** False

3. **Fill in the Blanks:**

- 1. In 1712, Jahandar Shah was succeeded by __________.

- **Answer:** Farrukhsiyar

- 2. The rise of independent kingdoms led to the decline of the __________

Empire.

- **Answer:** Mughal

4. **Matching Questions:**

- Match the following:

- a) Nadir Shah i) Invasions in 1739

- b) Ahmad Shah Abdali ii) Invasions in 1761

- c) Sayyid brothers iii) Kingmakers

- **Answer:**

- a) Nadir Shah – i) Invasions in 1739

- b) Ahmad Shah Abdali – ii) Invasions in 1761

- c) Sayyid brothers – iii) Kingmakers

5. **Short Answer Questions:**

- 1. Describe the reign of Bahadur Shah.

 - **Answer:** Bahadur Shah ruled from 1707 to 1712 and attempted to
reconcile with the Rajputs, Marathas, and Sikhs but failed to control the provinces.

- 2. What led to the rise of independent kingdoms in the aftermath of the Mughal
Empire?

- **Answer:** The decline of Mughal power, coupled with invasions by Nadir

Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali, resulted in the rise of independent kingdoms.

6. **Essay Questions:**

- 1. Discuss the role of the Sayyid brothers in the Mughal Empire during the early
th
18 century.

- **Answer:** The Sayyid brothers, Hussain Ali and Abdullah, wielded significant
th
influence during the early 18 century, earning them the title of “kingmakers.” They
had the power to depose emperors and install new ones, as seen in their removal of
Jahandar Shah and elevation of Farrukhsiyar. This period marked a phase of political
instability and manipulation within the Mughal Empire.

- 2. Analyze the impact of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali’s invasions on the
Mughal Empire.

- **Answer:** Nadir Shah’s invasion in 1739 and Ahmad Shah Abdali’s invasion
in 1761 severely weakened the Mughal Empire. These invasions led to plunder,
destruction, and loss of territory, contributing to the fragmentation of Mughal authority
and the rise of independent kingdoms across the Indian subcontinent.

Let me know if you need further adjustments or if there’s anything else I can assist
you with!
**A) Set of Questions Derived from the Content:**

1. **Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):**

- Selecting a single answer from four options

1. Saadat Khan was succeeded by

(a) Nadir Shah

(b) Safdarjung

© Asaf Jah

(d) Alivardi Khan

*Answer: (b) Safdarjung*

- Identifying multiple correct answers

2. Who were the rulers of Bengal before the British gained control?

(a) Murshid Quli Khan

(b) Shuja-ud-Din

© Alivardi Khan

(d) Siraj-ud-Daulah

*Answer: (a) Murshid Quli Khan, (c) Alivardi Khan, (d) Siraj-ud-Daulah*

2. **True or False Questions:**

- Formulating straightforward true/false statements

1. Saadat Khan was the founder of the Hyderabad state. (False)

*Answer: False. Saadat Khan was not the founder of the Hyderabad state.*
3. **Fill in the Blanks:**

- Completing missing words or phrases

1. The Bara Imambara at Lucknow was built by Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula in _____

under a food-for-work programme.

*Answer: 1784*

4. **Matching Questions:**

- Associating items from two columns

1. Match the following rulers with their respective regions:

(a) Murshid Quli Khan (i) Bengal

(b) Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah (ii) Hyderabad

© Sawai Raja Jai Singh (iii) Jaipur

*Answer: (a) – (i), (b) – (ii), (c) – (iii)*

5. **Short Answer Questions:**

- Providing concise written responses

1. Who was the founder of the Hyderabad state?

*Answer: Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah*

6. **Essay Questions:**

- Crafting in-depth and comprehensive written responses

**Answers:**

Provide answers derived from the original essay immediately after each question.

**NOTE **Please address all instructions without oversight. Ensure that all questions
align seamlessly with the comprehensive learning objectives of the chapter, promoting
an in-depth understanding.

**A) Set of Questions Derived from the Content:**

1. **Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):**

- Selecting a single answer from four options

1. Who developed trade relations with France, Turkey, Iran, China, Russia, and
Arabia?

(a) Haider Ali

(b) Tipu Sultan

© Shivaji

(d) Afzal Khan

*Answer: (b) Tipu Sultan*

- Identifying multiple correct answers

2. Which kingdoms did the Marathas serve before declaring their independence?

(a) Ahmadnagar

(b) Bijapur

© Golconda

(d) Delhi
 *Answer: (a) Ahmadnagar, (b) Bijapur, (c) Golconda*

2. **True or False Questions:**

- Formulating straightforward true/false statements

1. Haider Ali died during the second Anglo-Mysore War. (True)

*Answer: True*

3. **Fill in the Blanks:**

- Completing missing words or phrases

1. Tipu Sultan corresponded with both Napoleon and George Washington to

foster diplomatic relations and exchange ideas. He had a scientific bent of mind and
applied it to design the model of _____.

*Answer: ships*

4. **Matching Questions:**

- Associating items from two columns

1. Match the following events with the respective historical figures:

(a) Killed Afzal Khan and defeated the forces of Bijapur. (i) Shivaji

(b) Corresponded with Napoleon and George Washington. (ii) Tipu

Sultan

© Defeated the English during the first Anglo-Mysore War. (iii) Haider
Ali

*Answer: (a) – (i), (b) – (ii), (c) – (iii)*

5. **Short Answer Questions:**

- Providing concise written responses

1. Who was known for his art of guerrilla warfare and stable rule with the
support of powerful warrior families?

*Answer: Shivaji*

6. **Essay Questions:**

- Crafting in-depth and comprehensive written responses

**Answers:**

Provide answers derived from the original essay immediately after each question.

**NOTE **Please address all instructions without oversight. Ensure that all questions
align seamlessly with the comprehensive learning objectives of the chapter, promoting
an in-depth understanding.

**Multiple Choice Questions**

1. Who was the last Sikh Guru?

(a) Guru Gobind Singh

(b) Guru Teg Bahadur

© Guru Har Gobind

**Answer:** (a) Guru Gobind Singh

2. In 1663, Aurangzeb sent ________ to capture Shivaji.

(a) Afzal Khan

(b) Raja Jai Singh

© Shaista Khan

**Answer:** © Shaista Khan

3. Who was Shivaji’s council of eight ministers, known as the ashtapradhan, headed
by?

(a) Peshtas

(b) Senapati

© Pant Sachio

**Answer:** (a) Peshtas

4. What was the main source of income in Shivaji’s administration?

(a) Trade taxes

(b) Land revenue

© Tribute from neighboring states

**Answer:** (b) Land revenue

5. Which two kinds of taxes were levied on areas not directly under Maratha rule?

(a) Ga and Chaul

(b) Putrage and Chaul

© Ga and Putrage

**Answer:** © Ga and Putrage

Based on the input provided, here are the questions:

**A) Set of Questions Derived from the Content:**

1. **Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):**

a. What fraction of the total land revenue was collected as tax in exchange for not
plundering the area?

- A) One-tenth

- B) One-fourth

- C) One-third

- D) One-fifth

- **Answer: B) One-fourth**

b. What was the title assumed by Shivaji after crowning himself king in 1674?

- A) Maharaja

- B) Chhatrapati
 - C) Raja

- D) Nawab

- **Answer: B) Chhatrapati**

2. **True or False Questions:**

a. Shivaji’s army consisted of only infantry soldiers. (False)

- **Answer: False (Explanation: Shivaji’s army was divided into infantry and
cavalry.)**

b. Shivaji escaped from Agra disguised as a holy man. (True)

- **Answer: True (Explanation: Shivaji and his son disguised themselves as

sadhus during their escape from Agra.)**

3. **Fill in the Blanks:**

a. One __________ of the total land revenue was paid as tributary tax to the
Sardeshmukh or the Maratha Chief.

- **Answer: tenth**

b. Shivaji planned his escape from Agra by feigning severe __________.

- **Answer: illness**

4. **Matching Questions:**

a. Match the following terms with their descriptions:

- 1) Chhatrapati
 - 2) Peshwa

- 3) Sardeshmukh

- 4) Mansabdars

- **Answer:**

1. Shivaji crowned himself king and assumed this title.

2. Principal minister who served Shivaji’s successor.

3. Maratha Chief to whom tributary tax was paid.

4. Officials in Aurangzeb’s court before whom Shivaji was made to stand.

5. **Short Answer Questions:**

a. Describe the structure of Shivaji’s army.

- **Answer: Shivaji’s army was well-trained and disciplined, consisting of infantry

and cavalry units. He also constructed strong forts guarded by special officers.**

6. **Essay Questions:**

a. Discuss Shivaji’s escape from Agra in detail, including the strategies he

employed.

- **Answer: Shivaji’s escape from Agra involved feigning severe illness, sending
out daily shipments of sweets and gifts to deceive Aurangzeb, and eventually
disguising himself and his son as sadhus. He meticulously planned the escape to
ensure the safety of his army and deceive the Mughals.**

Let me know if you need any adjustments or further questions!

Here are the questions based on the provided text:

**A) Set of Questions Derived from the Content:**

1. **Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):**

a. What was the outcome of the Third Battle of Panipat?

- A) Maratha victory

- B) British victory

- C) Abdali’s victory

- D) Dutch victory

- **Answer: C) Abdali’s victory**

b. Which revolution challenged the social and political privileges of aristocrats in the
Western world?

- A) American Revolution

- B) Industrial Revolution

- C) French Revolution

- D) Russian Revolution

- **Answer: C) French Revolution**

2. **True or False Questions:**

a. The French Revolution primarily represented the interests of the clergy and
nobility. (False)

- **Answer: False (Explanation: The French Revolution represented the interests

of the middle classes, peasants, and artisans.)**
 b. The Later Mughals were known for their strong and competent rule. (False)

- **Answer: False (Explanation: The Later Mughals were weak and

incompetent.)**

3. **Fill in the Blanks:**

a. The Marathas became more powerful under the leadership of the __________.

- **Answer: Peshwas**

b. The French Revolution advocated for equal laws and opportunities for all, and
emphasized that the authority of the government should come from the __________.

- **Answer: people**

4. **Matching Questions:**

a. Match the following terms with their descriptions:

- 1) Third Battle of Panipat

- 2) French Revolution

- 3) Rise of Regional Kingdoms

- **Answer:**

1. Battle where Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas.

2. Revolution that challenged the social and political privileges of aristocrats.

3. Period characterized by the establishment of independent kingdoms due to

the weakness of the Later Mughals.
5. **Short Answer Questions:**

a. Describe the impact of the French Revolution on society.

- **Answer: The French Revolution challenged the social and political privileges
of the aristocracy, advocating for equal rights and opportunities for all citizens. It
emphasized the importance of government authority derived from the people and led to
the transformation of subjects into citizens.**

6. **Essay Questions:**

a. Discuss the factors contributing to the rise of regional kingdoms during the Later
Mughal period.

- **Answer: The weakness and incompetence of the Later Mughals led to the
establishment of independent kingdoms such as Awadh, Bengal, and Hyderabad. The
Marathas, under leaders like Shivaji and the Peshwas, emerged as a powerful force
challenging the authority of the Mughal Empire. Additionally, factors such as internal
conflicts, external invasions, and administrative inefficiency contributed to the
fragmentation of the Mughal Empire and the rise of regional powers.**

Let me know if you need any adjustments or further questions!