‫دورة أﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎت ﻣﻬﺎرات‬

‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬

‫إﻋﺪاد‬

‫أﺳﺘﺎذة‪ /‬ﺳﻠﻤﻰ ﺧﻴﺮﷲ‬

‫‪2021‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺤﺘﺎج اﻹﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮى اﻟﺪورة ﻟﺘﻌﻢ اﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪة‬
 ‫‪Reading Rules‬‬
‫ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﻘﺮاءة‬

‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ ﻟﻘﺮاءة ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪ ،‬و ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻳﺴﻬّ ﻞ ﻛﺜﻴﺮا ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻘﺮاءة ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺴﺘﻌﺮض اﻟﻶن ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬و ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ أن ﺗﻌﻠﻢ أنّ ﺳﺮ اﻹﺗﻘﺎن‬
‫ﻫﻮ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ و اﻟﻤﻤﺎرﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮاﺻﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻨﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
Lesson one
pronouncing the c
There are 2 ways to pronounce the letter (c)
1- If the (c) is followed by ( e \ i \ y ) then it's pronounced /s/;
examples:-

nice - cylinder - city - race - mice - spicy -

fancy - mercy - fence - cent - force - rice -
cement - office - slice - recipe - prince.

The recipe of the spicy rice is nice.

2- If the (c) is followed by any other letter then it's pronounced /k/;
examples:-

car - cup - coat - cucumber - come - cut -

corps - castle - computer - candy - clock.

I wore the coat, got into the car and drove to the castle.

Notice: Some words has 2 Cs, each one is pronounced according to

the rule; for an example:-
circle - cancel - cancer - bicycle
Lesson two
pronouncing the g
There are 2 ways to pronounce the letter (g)
1- If the (g) is followed by ( e \ i \ y ) then it's pronounced
/d /; examples:-

gym - germ - cage - manage - giraffe - age -

engineer - magic - imagine - stage - danger -
apology - giant.

The giant giraffe was in a cage on the stage.

2- If the (g) is followed by any other letter then it's
pronounced /g/; examples:-

gum - gas - game - gangster - grant - goose -

great - gloves - glasses - go - ago.

The gangsters wore glasses and played a great game.

Notice: Some words has 2 Gs, each one is pronounced according to

the rule; for an example:-
gigantic
Lesson three
Consonant Digraphs
Consonant digraphs means a combination of two letters that
generate new sounds; like (sh), (ch), (ph) and (th).

1- The (sh) digraph: this combination is always pronounced / /;

examples:-

fish - shirt - shout - wash - shop - shelf.

I bought a fish tank from the shop and put it on a shelf.

2- The (ch) digraph: this combination is always pronounced /t /;
examples:-

chest - chess - chop - watch - rich - catch.

He watched a chess game while chopping spinach.

3- The (ph) digraph: this combination is always pronounced /f/;

examples:-

phone - physics - elephant - phrase - photo.

She took out her phone and took a photo for the elephant.
4- The (th) digraph: this combination is sometimes pronounced / /;
examples:-

this - though - there - father - mother - the.

This is a father and that's a mother.
..and sometimes pronounced / /; examples:-

think - thin - throw - throat - through - thumb.

I think the baby's thumb is very thin.
Lesson four
Vowel Digraphs
Vowel digraphs means a combination of two vowel letters, and in this
case the first one is always pronounced a long vowel; but the second
one isn't pronounced at all; like (oa), (ea), and (ai).

1- The (oa) digraph: the (o) is long and the (a) is silent; examples:-

boat - coat - throat - soak - oat - oak.

She wore a coat and got on the oak boat.

2- The (ea) digraph: the (e) is long and the (a) is silent; examples:-

sea - seal - steal - speak - meal - meat.

They are speaking while eating a meal of meat.

3- The (ai) digraph: the (a) is long and the (i) is silent; examples:-

pain - rain - plain - stain - wait - tail.

I fell down in the rain and felt pain. My jeans got stained.
Lesson five
Silent Letters
A lot of English words contain silent letters and now we are going
to present some of them.
1- (kn): the (k) before the (n) is silent like in:
knee - knife - know - knight - knock.

2- (wr): the (w) before the (r) is silent like in:

write - wrap - wrist - wreck - wrong

3- (gn): the (g) before the (n) is silent like in:

sign - design - foreign - assignment
4- (mb): the (b) after the (m) is silent like in:
plumber - tomb - numb - climb - dumb.

5- (mn): the (n) after the (m) is silent like in:

autumn - column - damn.

6- (st): the (t) after the (s) is silent like in:

castle - whistle - listen - wrestle.

7- (gh): Sometimes are silent like in:

though - bought - daughter - light - fight - night
.. and sometimes are pronounced /f/ like in:
rough - tough - cough - laugh - enough.
 ‫‪Tips for Writing‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﺮوف أن اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﻬﺎرة ﺳﻬﻠﺔ و ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ اﻹﺗﻘﺎن‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎت اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ ﺳﺄﻋﺮض ﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺎت اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ‬
‫وﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﻴﻦ اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ أو ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻨﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﻫ‬
1- Complete Sentences:-
A Complete sentence must contain a subject and a predicate. The
subject could be a person, a thing or an animal. It could be a noun or a
pronoun. The predicate gives more information about a subject and
must contain a verb.

Subject + Predicate
My mother is cooking dinner.
Nawaf played tennis.
The table has four legs.
This cute puppy is sick.
We are so excited about the concert.
2- Fragments:-
If a sentence is missing a subject or a predicate, then it's called a
fragment. Fragments always miss full meaning, for an example; when I
say : " is cleaning her room." Immediately I will be asked: " Who? Who
is cleaning??" Right! this is a predicate but there's no subject. On the
other hand, when I say: " That big house". I just pointed out the
house and didn't mention any information about it, so it's missing a
predicate.
3- Run-ons:
Run-ons are opposite to fragments;
they are too long. A run-on is a one
long sentence that contains many short
sentences; for an example:
Danah is a beautiful girl she went to school Danah learned lots of
new things she learned how to count she became happy.

This is a run-on, we need to separate the small sentences with

punctuation and conjunctions.

Danah is a beautiful girl. She went to school and learned lots of new
things. She learned how to count, so she became happy.
4- Topic Sentence:
1- Indents: a space left in the beginning of the first line in a
paragraph, which is usually 5 letters distant from the margin. It's
important because it shows where the paragraph begins.
Our little first graders will soon be introduced to the
two sounds of “c” and “g”. Those two consonants are a
bit tricky as they make different sounds depending upon
the letter that follows in the word. We typically teach
students that the “hard” sounds of “c” and “g” occur
most often, but they do need to know when these letters
make the “soft” sound.

2- Rocking beginnings: The topic sentence has two tasks; 1- is give a

general idea about the content of the paragraph, 2- is to make the
reader more interested in the topic.
 A great topic sentence could be a question to make reader
wonder:
What is the most difficult language in the world?

.. or it can be an amazing fact about the topic:

Did you know that there are 422 million people speak Arabic!
5- Transition Words:
Transition words are used to move from one sentence to the next
smoothly. They also show the correct and the logical sequence of the
events or the information. Here we'll show 9 kinds of transition words:
1- Start
2- Alike
3- Different
4- Continue
5- Time
6- Effect
7- Support
8- Place
9- End
6- Ending Sentence:
Ending sentences should conclude the mail idea of the paragraph,
but it shouldn't include a relevant detail about the topic. Examples:

Learning Arabic has never been easy, but it's worth the effort.

In short, the technological revolution will never come to an end.

Speaking Practice
 Food
1- What's your favorite food?
2- Do you eat fast food?
3- Can you cook?
4- What's your favorite breakfast meal?
5- How often do you eat out?
6- If this is a menu at a restaurant, What would
you order?

[Use the previous food

vocabulary pictures ] ctice with
Pra riend
af

Jobs 1- What's your dream job?

2- In your opinion, what's the
most dangerous job?
Take 3- What's your father's job?
4- Which job is with the best
turns income?
5- What's the job that's most
suitable for women? Why?
] 6- What's the job that will
]
Use the previous food
vocabulary pictures disappear in the future?
self learning
Practicing listening
is not that hard.

Tips and advice

 ‫‪ -1‬إﺑﺪأ‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﺄﺧﺮ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺪرب ﻋﲆ ﻣﻬﺎرة‬
‫اﻹﺳﺘﻤﺎع ﺑﺤﺠﺔ اﻧﻬﺎ ﺻﻌﺒﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻞ اﻷﺷﻴﺎء‬
‫ﺻﻌﺒﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﻧﺘﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪ -2‬ﺿﻊ ﺧﻄﺔ ﺟﻴﺪة‬
‫ﺣﺪد ﻣﻮاﻋﻴﺪ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ و إﺟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺨﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ‪ .‬ﺣﺪد ﻣﺪة‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﺪرﻳﺐ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺜﻼ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻣﺘﻰ‬
‫ﻳﺤﻴﻦ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ ﻣﺴﺘﻮاك‬
 ‫‪ -3‬إﻫﺘﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻮدة‬
‫إﺑﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻮﺛﻮق ﻳﻘﺪم دورة‬
‫إﺳﺘﻤﺎع ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ و ﻣﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎت‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎﻋﺪك ﻫﺬا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮاك اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ و أﻳﻀﺎ إﻛﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ ﺣﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﻣﺘﻘﺪم‪.‬‬
 ‫‪40‬‬

‫‪30‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪Item 1‬‬ ‫‪Item 2‬‬ ‫‪Item 3‬‬ ‫‪Item 4‬‬

‫‪ -4‬ﻗ ّﻴﻢ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‬

‫ﻻ ﺗﻘﺲ ﻣﺴﺘﻮاك ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺤﺘﺮﻓﻴﻦ‬
‫و ﻟﻜﻦ ﻗﻴﻢ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮاك‬
‫ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ‪ .‬و ﻛﻦ واﻗﻌﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﻘﻴﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻮﺻﻮل ﻟﻠﻘﻤﺔ ﻟﻦ‬
‫ﻳﺤﺪث ﺑﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ و ﺿﺤﺎﻫﺎ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪ -5‬ﺣﻘﻖ ﻫﺪﻓﻚ‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺪرﻳﺐ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺬي ﺗﻤﻨﻴﺖ أن ﺗﺼﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫أﺧﺬت ﻗﺮار ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻬﺎرة اﻹﺳﺘﻤﺎع‪ .‬ﻻ ﻳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﺗﺴﺘﻐﺮق ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‪ ،‬اﻟﻤﻬﻢ أن ﺗﺼﻞ‪.‬‬
‫أرﺟﻮ أن ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﺪورة ﻗﺪ ﺣﻘﻘﺖ اﻟﻬﺪف ﻣﻨﻬﺎ و‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻗﺪراﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻬﺎرات اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫اﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫أﺗﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﻚ دوام اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ و اﻟﺘﻔﻮق‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺤﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
‫أﺳﺘﺎذة‪ /‬ﺳﻠﻤﻰ ﺧﻴﺮﷲ‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺤﺘﺎج اﻹﺳﺘﻔﺎدة‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﻮى اﻟﺪورة ﻟﺘﻌﻢ اﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪة‬