Unit test 6B
1 Read the article quickly. An appropriate title for
the article would be:
a How to get the ideal hairstyle
b How hairstyles were done in the past
c How hairstyles change society
d How hairstyles follow social change
e How hairstyles reflect your personality
Fashions often reflect changes that are taking place in society, and
this can be seen in the ways that hairstyles have changed through
the ages. In the 1920s, women in the USA and many parts of Europe
were starting to demand more freedom and equality. They didn’t
want to submit to the traditional roles of the 19th century, and were
demanding the right to work and study in the same way as men.
Women’s hairstyles matched this desire for equality, as they rejected
long hair and chose short and less attractive styles to conceal their
femininity and bring them closer in appearance to men. This was
also a period of optimism and fun – after the end of the First World
War – and this sense of wanting to have a good time is reflected in
the popular men’s hairstyle of the time. This was short hair, which
was parted in the centre, and combed back with perfumed oil.
In the 1940s and ‘50s, the world felt a very unstable place. The
Second World War had caused a lot of suffering, and people were
frightened about the future and what it might bring. In these
uncertain times, women turned to more traditional styles, choosing
long hair with soft curls which enhanced their femininity. Men
continued to have short hair and use hair oil, as in the 1920s. The
popular style for men at this time was created by combing the hair
back on either side of the head to form a ridge down the back.
The 1960s and ‘70s brought huge social changes. Women were
once again moving out of the home and into the workplace, and
demanding the right to be treated as men’s equals. The world of
popular music was also starting to dominate the lives of young
people, and it was beginning to have a strong influence on
hairstyles: when The Beatles shot to fame in the late 1960s, their
famous ‘mop tops’ of longer hair falling loosely onto the shoulders
created a revolution in men’s styles as the look was copied by many.
By the 1970s, hair had become a symbol for social change. The
hippie style for both men and women of wearing the hair in long and
loose, uncontrolled styles, reflected a desire among young people for
more freedom from social restraints. The late 1970s was also the era
of punk. Although looking back, punk fashions seem a little
excessive, the movement was a serious one which aimed to
challenge the older generation and shock them into changing. Men
and women wore their hair in spiky styles and dyed it in bright
colours, or shaved their heads completely.
The financial boom of the 1980s led to an age of excess. For
hairstyles, this was expressed in big, exaggerated styles. Sometimes
hair was dyed bright colours by both men and women, and sculpted
into unusual creations to draw attention to the individual.
The end of the 20th century was characterized by an increasing
diversity of styles. Both men and women chose styles to fit their
tastes in fashion and music, ranging from a long, loose style similar
to that of the 1960s and ‘70s, to shaved heads which remind us of
the punk era. So far, the 21st century has continued this trend of
diverse fashions, with the feeling that almost any style is acceptable
and fashionable. But who knows what future trends we will see!
1 point for a correct answer 1
2 Read the article again. Choose the correct
answers.
1 In the 1920s, … .
a women no longer wanted to be different from men
b women wanted to appear more feminine
c women chose to wear their hair long
2 In the 1940s and ‘50s, … .
a women wanted new, exciting hairstyles
b men’s hairstyles only changed slightly
c women wanted to look less feminine
3 In the 1960s, … .
a women and men had become equal in society
b women and men were demanding a revolution in
hairstyles
c men’s hairstyles were influenced by popular
singers
4 In the early 1970s, … .
a the fashion for men and women was long, loose
hair
b many hippies decided to shave their heads
c punk styles became popular
5 In the 1980s, … .
a hairstyles became more traditional again
b men dyed their hair, but women did not
c people used their hairstyles to draw attention to
themselves
1 point for each correct answer 5
3 Put the words in the correct order to form
emphatic sentences.
1 hate it’s I selfishness that his
It’s ____________________________________ .
2 communities is does destroy war what
What ____________________________________ .
3 love music I thing is most the
The thing _________________________________ .
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Unit test 6B Continued
4 did emancipate women something war was the
Something ________________________________ .
5 my job people meeting I is enjoy what about
What ____________________________________ .
1 point for each correct answer
4 Complete the gap to make the sentence
emphatic.
1 You don’t understand how terrible war is.
What __________________ how terrible war is.
2 Drinking coffee makes me anxious.
What drinking coffee __________________ anxious.
3 I like the use of colour in this painting.
The thing __________________ the use of colour.
4 The war enabled women to work more.
Something the war __________________ women to
work more.
5 She hates his rude behaviour.
It’s __________________ she hates.
1 point for each correct answer
5 Rewrite the sentences making them emphatic.
1 I like the acting in this film.
____________________________________
2 They designed a new engine.
____________________________________
3 I’ve found out that he has a cat!
____________________________________
4 She hated the working hours in her old job.
____________________________________
5 I’ll send you the instructions by email.
____________________________________
1 point for each correct answer
6 Choose the correct tense to complete the
sentences.
1 She is seeing / has been seeing Eduardo for a month
now.
2 Do you think you’ll have finished / ’ll be finishing
the work by the end of the week?
3 We were eating / ate dinner when we heard on the
radio that Britain was now at war.
4 They opened / were opening the door and saw a large
5 man standing on the doorstep.
5 I’m meeting / meet Manuel at two o’clock.
6 They’d been painting / ’d painted the house for a
week before they noticed that the walls were rotten.
7 ‘When did you get / have you got here?’
‘An hour ago.’
8 The evening performance always begins / is beginning
at seven o’clock.
9 After he’d taken / was taking a bath, he settled down
in front of the TV.
10 By the end of this month, I will have been / will be in
this job for a year. Time flies!
1 point for each correct answer 10
7 Rewrite the second sentence, making it
emphatic by adding a form of do.
5 1 A Why didn’t you tell me she was coming?
B I told you. → I did tell you!
2 A You don’t love me.
B I love you. → _______________________
3 A She’s really upset.
B Yes, she seems angry. → ___________________
4 A I don’t feel like going.
B Oh, come. Please. → ______________________
5 A Mike didn’t like your present.
B He liked it. → _______________________
6 A This room is a filthy.
B It needs cleaning. → _____________________
7 A Did you see how much he ate?
B He eats a lot. → _______________________
5
8 A They loved the present you gave them.
B Yes, they seemed pleased.
→ _______________________
1 point for each correct answer 7
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Unit test 6B
8 Complete the second sentence so that it has a 5 A We’ll never agree. You want to eat Chinese food
similar meaning to the first, but with negative and I want curry.
inversion.
B I’m sure we can find a happy m_______ . What
1 You won’t find better food than this anywhere else. about Thai?
Nowhere __________________________________ . 6 A I’ve had enough of arguing about politics. I don’t
2 If I had known she was in trouble, I would have think we’ll ever agree.
helped. B I’m with you there. Tell you what – let’s just
Had ____________________________________ . a_______ to disagree.
3 We won’t ever see such bravery again. 7 A I really don’t need your advice. Just let me do this
Never ____________________________________ . alone.
4 We had hardly gone to sleep when the air raid siren B Have it your o_______ way, then. I was just trying
went off. to help.
Hardly ___________________________________ . 8 A I really don’t think that tie suits you.
5 We didn’t suspect at any time what he had done B Yes, I s_______ it’s a bit loud. What about this
during the war. grey one?
At no time_________________________________ .
1 point for each correct answer 8
6 We rarely saw people smile at that time.
Rarely ____________________________________ .
10 Complete the compound nouns in each group
7 The war had no sooner begun than he was called up. with a word from the box.
No sooner _________________________________ .
8 Now I understand what my grandparents went take break up out back off down
through during the war.
1 __________ …down …through out…
Only now _________________________________ .
2 __________ …keep …turn slip-…
1 point for each correct answer 8 3 __________ …away …over …-off
4 __________ …load …pour show…
9 Complete the dialogues with a word. The first 5 __________ …shoot …spring write-…
letter has been given.
6 __________ …burst …come …look
1 A Humans aren’t responsible for global warming.
7 __________ …up draw… set…
B I couldn’t d_______ more! Clearly, it’s the result
of us burning fossil fuels. 1 point for each correct answer 7
2 A What we need is a new road to reduce traffic
congestion.
B That’s not how I s_______ it – more cars means
more pollution!
3 A You’re always looking at your Facebook page.
B Look who’s t_______ – you’ve checked yours
five times today already!
4 A Quite frankly, I feel like you’re leaving me to do
all the work.
B I take o_______ at that – I’m working really hard!

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Unit test 8A
1 Read the text. What is the purpose of the
article?
a To highlight the problems faced by working mothers.
b To persuade people to have a better work-life balance.
c To describe a new system of working called ROWE.
Maintaining a healthy work-life balance is something most
workers try to achieve. But how can employers help their staff to
have an equally satisfying work and home life? Some large US
companies have decided to adopt a radical new approach to
improve employee satisfaction, called ROWE (Results-Only Work
Environment). But how does it work?
Lucy Adams, Managing Director of a marketing firm based in
Denver, presides over an office where workers arrive in a
leisurely fashion; the mood is positive and productivity is high. Yet
a year ago, things were different. ‘Our company has a 72%
female workforce. We used to lose a lot of employees because
they struggled to combine working nine-to-five jobs with their
commitments as parents,’ explains Lucy. ‘Eventually they had to
prioritize their families and gave up their careers. Working here is
demanding. Each job carries a lot of responsibility. This makes it
both difficult and expensive to recruit and train new workers. So I
realized something had to change.’ Lucy decided to implement
the management strategy, ROWE, which was developed by
Human Resource employees Cali Ressler and Jody Thompson.
‘It allows workers to work when and where they want, as long as
they achieve the expected results,’ explains Lucy. ‘After thinking it
over and talking to other companies who were using ROWE, we
began using it a year ago and it’s been an overwhelming
success.’
First, Lucy got rid of the strict nine-to-five working day. Some staff
had struggled to arrive on time and would have to rush off again
in the evenings, so they were given permission to begin and
finish work when best suited their lifestyles. She also issued
workers with laptops to manage and oversee projects from home.
‘This is great for staff with family commitments,’ she says. ‘Many
now work fewer daytime hours, but they don’t mind working in the
evenings when their children are in bed.’ Staff can also take
vacations when they want. ‘One employee did a month’s work in
two weeks, then went traveling around New Zealand,’ says Lucy.
But the most important change was in improving planning and
communication between employees. ‘We could no longer count
on staff being at their desks between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., so each
person’s goals and responsibilities needed to be explained clearly
before any project began. ROWE training workshops helped us
with that, and communication has improved greatly.’
Of course there are those who say that using a management
system such as this will mean companies lose control over their
employees. But Lucy doesn't agree. ‘It’s true that some people
took advantage of their new freedom at first. But this quickly
became obvious in the quality of their work and consequently we
had to reprimand a few employees. However, the rest of the
workforce has done so well, there’s a new level of trust within the
company and therefore an even better atmosphere. My
employees are happier, and the standard of our work has
improved. It’s a win-win situation for everyone.’
1 point for a correct answer 1
2 Read the article again. Are the statements
below true (T), false (F), or not stated (NS)?
1 The majority of the staff in Lucy’s office are female.
_______
2 Staff often became irresponsible after they had
children. _______
3 The ROWE system does not pay attention to
workers’ results. _______
4 Workers can now start and finish work at times that
suit them. _______
5 Staff now work fewer hours and have longer
holidays. _______
6 For the system to work, it was important to improve
communication. _______
7 Some workers left the company after the system was
introduced. _______
1 point for each correct answer 7
3 Circle the correct alternative.
1 A philatelist is a person collects / who collects /
which collects postage stamps.
2 The films which I like / what I like / where I like best
are comedies.
3 All the museums were closed, which was / that was /
what was a pity.
4 That’s the man I spoke to / whom I spoke / to who I
spoke yesterday.
5 Picasso, which born in Spain / that was born in Spain /
who was born in Spain, was the greatest artist of his
generation.
6 Tickets which bought / that bought / bought on the
Internet are often cheaper.
7 The man whose daughter / which daughter / who
daughter I teach is a lawyer.
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Unit test 8A Continued
8 Do you remember the time which / when / what you
fell down the stairs and hurt your wrist?
1 point for each correct answer
4 Tick () the sentences where the relative
pronoun can be omitted.
1 Patty’s someone that I really love talking to. ______
2 We’re going to the Byron Hotel, where we stayed
last time. ______
3 That was the time when we flew to Sicily by
helicopter. ______
4 The woman that she was talking to was Polish.
______
5 That’s the man whose wife you work with. ______
6 Do you know the reason why he quit his job? ______
1 point for each correct answer
5 Correct the sentences.
1 Ms Lehoux, that is seated over there, works
for our main competitor.
____________________________________
2 Donna, who is my physiotherapist has moved.
____________________________________
3 I met Carla in Rome, which I was living
at the time.
___________________________________
4 That’s the man who’s car you scratched.
____________________________________
5 Anna refused to go to the party, who upset Sam.
____________________________________
6 He’s got a new girlfriend who she works in
a hotel.
____________________________________
7 May I introduce you to Joseph, whom you have
already met him, I think.
____________________________________
8 Do you know a shop when I can buy batteries?
____________________________________
1 point for each correct answer
6 Join the sentences using the words in the box.
who which whose whom where when
8
1 That’s the hotel. We spent the night there.
____________________________________
____________________________________
2 He has a friend. His friend lives nearby.
____________________________________
____________________________________
3 Sonia spoke to the border police. Her Russian
is better than mine.
____________________________________
____________________________________
4 The sun was getting stronger by the minute.
It was high in the sky.
____________________________________
____________________________________
6
5 Nelson Mandela was a great leader.
Much has been written about him.
____________________________________
____________________________________
6 Do you remember that time? That was the time
we played badminton on the lawn.
____________________________________
____________________________________
1 point for each correct answer 6
7 Complete the sentences with the correct past
or present participle using the verb in brackets.
1 Having waited (wait) for half an hour for Jane to
arrive, I decided I’d had enough and left.
2 She called the police when she saw two youths
____________ (fight) in the street.
3 ____________ (eat) regularly, bananas provide
many health benefits.
4 Children ____________ (raise) in poverty often have
fewer opportunities to succeed.
5 ____________ (write) the letter, he put it in an
envelope and posted it in the postbox.
6 She lay in bed ____________ (think) about what she
was going to do that day.
8
7 ____________ (damage) by bombing, the cathedral
stood as a reminder of the war.
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Unit test 8A Continued

8 ____________ (not realize) the microphone was
switched off, he carried on speaking, but no one
could hear him.
9 On ____________ (enter) the classroom, the teacher
was greeted by her students.
10 She spent her days ____________ (study) Chinese
philosophy.
1 point for each correct answer
8 Match the use of just in the sentences below
with the meanings in the box.
4 a Bumblebees are becoming a r_______ sight due to
pesticide use.
b I like my steak r_______ .
5 a I bought a new d_______ of cards at the games
shop.
b The water already covered the lower d_______ of
the ship, and was rising.
6 a This lecture’s really boring … I don’t know what
9 he’s r_______ on about.
b I love to go r_______ across the open countryside.
1 point for each correct answer 6

recently equally almost right now only absolutely

10 Write a homophone (a word with the same
exactly simply
pronunciation, but a different spelling and
1 Wait a moment, I’m just coming. ______ meaning) for each word.
2 He’s just like his brother in almost every 1 ____________ caught
way. ______ 2 ____________ wail
3 I’ve just about finished the housework. ______ 3 ____________ whirled
4 Please. I just want to speak to you for a 4 ____________ fort
minute. ______ 5 ____________ heir
5 The present you gave Jim was just wonderful. 6 ____________ soar
______
6 Dad’s just finished lunch and he’s having a 1 point for each correct answer 6
nap. ______
7 It’s not complicated. You just press this button.
11 Choose the best homophone (a or b) to
______
complete the gap.
8 I think these cakes are just as good as the ones
1 Sorry I can’t talk much today. I’m a bit ______ .
your mum makes. ______
a horse b hoarse
2 I’ve just finished the first ______ of my essay.
1 point for each correct answer 8
a draft b draught
3 The robbers hid their ______ of gold in a cave.
9 Write a homonym that fits in each pair of
a hall b haul
sentences. The first letter has been given.
4 Tom ate a red ______ in the wood today, I hope it
1 a The bank had b_______ in every town in the
wasn’t poisonous!
country.
a berry b bury
b The tree’s b_______ must be cut each year.
5 She wore a ______ to cover her face.
2 a Quitting his job was a r_______ decision. a vale b veil
b Amanda is allergic to nuts and develops a 6 I don’t know how some people can eat a three-
r_______ if she eats any. ______ meal for lunch. It’s too much.
3 a When he saw the Queen, the ambassador gave a a coarse b course
deep b_______ .
b As the ship sank, the b_______ was the last part
visible above the water.

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