Clayton Alderfer's ERG theory is a human needs-based motivational model, building upon Maslow's hierarchy of

needs. It categorizes human needs into three groups: Existence, Relatedness, and Growth.

1. Existence Needs: These align with Maslow's physiological and safety needs, focusing on material and
physiological desires such as food, shelter, safety, and physical well-being.
2. Relatedness Needs: This level reflects the human need for interpersonal relationships, social connections, and
meaningful interactions. It parallels Maslow's belongingness and love needs.
3. Growth Needs: Alderfer's theory combines esteem and self-actualization needs into this category. It
encompasses the desire for personal development, achievement, creativity, and the realization of one's
potential.

Alderfer proposed that these needs aren't strictly hierarchical; instead, they operate concurrently and can influence
motivation simultaneously. Unlike Maslow's theory, which suggests individuals progress sequentially through stages,
Alderfer's ERG theory posits that frustration in satisfying higher-level needs can lead individuals to regress to lower-
level needs, known as the frustration-regression principle.

ERG theory recognizes that individuals have different needs priorities and that satisfaction in one need category
doesn't necessarily lead to increased motivation. It's a dynamic framework acknowledging the complexities of human
motivation in the workplace and personal life.