Conceptual Questions 7. a.

What is the significance of the negative energy

1. Bohr’s atomic model is based on quantum theory of radiation. of the electron in an orbit? [1]
a. Write the postulates of Bohr’s atomic mode. [2] b. The energy levels of an atom are shown in Fig.
b. Calculate the radius of nth orbit of H-atom using Bohr’s postulates. [3] below.
c. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of electron when it is accelerated i. Which one of these transitions will result in
by 500 eV. [3] the emission of a photon of wavelength 275
2. X-rays facilitate the study of crystal structure. nm? Explain with calculation. [h= 6.64 x
a. Can X-ray diffraction experiment be performed by an ordinary 10-34Js, C= 3.0 x 108 ms-1] [3]
grating? Justify. [2] ii. Find the expression for the wavelength of radiation emitted from a
b. The spacing of atomic planes in a crystal is 1.1 x 10 -10m and when a hydrogen atom when an electron jumps from higher energy level 𝑛2
monochromatic beam of X-rays incident on them at a glancing angle to the lower energy level 𝑛1 . [2]
of 5°, a first order image is produced. Calculate the wavelength. What c. Calculate the magnitude of the wavelength of the second Balmer
is the glancing angle for a second order range? Interpret result. [3] series?[R =1.09x107m-1] [2]
3. The energy level diagram shows a sample of 8. The energy levels of a hypothetical atom are shown in
atoms initially in the ground state. the adjacent figure having energy levels at 0.00 eV
a. If the atoms are radiated by photon of energy (the ground level), 1.00 eV, and 3.00 eV.
8eV, what would be the energy level of atoms a. What are the frequencies of the spectral lines this
after absorbing 8eV? [1] atom can emit when excited? [3]
b. Later the atoms transit to lower states with b. What wavelengths can this atom absorb if it is in
the release of energy in the form of photons. its ground level? [2]
Determine all the possible energies of emitted 9. Light shows dual nature – particle nature as photons and wave nature.
photons. [3] a. Why X-ray production process called inverse photoelectric effect? [2]
c. Calculate wavelength of the photon when b. Calculate the wavelength of electron in H-atom in its ground state
transition from n= 3 to n=1 takes place. [2] where radius is 0.53Ǻ. [3]
c. Why are energies of various energy levels negative? [2]
10. a. State Bohr’s postulates of atomic model. [3]
4. Electrons are known to show wave properties, with a wavelength given by
b. The figure shows Lymen series of energy
the de Broglie equation.
transmission in hydrogen atom. Calculate the
a. State the de-Broglie equation in words. [1]
h frequency of a photon emitted by an electron jumping
b. Show that the wavelength of an electron of kinetic energy E is λ = from the second excited state to the ground level. [2]
√2mE
where, m is the mass of electron. [2] c. If the shortest wavelength in Lyman series is 918 Aº,
c. Sketch graph showing relation between λ & E for an electron. [1] calculate the longest wavelength in same series. [3]
d. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated through
a p.d. of 2.0 kV. [2]
11. a. What is the significance of the negative energy of electron in an orbit?[1]
e. The electrons in question d are passed through a crystal structure and
b. The diagram shows the lowest four discrete
diffract. Explain why the electrons are diffracted? [2]
energy levels of an atom. An electron in n =
5. a. In hydrogen atom we have only one electron, but its emission spectrum
4 state makes a transition to n = 2 state after
shows many lines. Explain. [1]
emitting a photon of wavelength 121.9 nm.
b. If an electron in Hydrogen atom jumps from n = 1 to n = 4 orbit, what
i. Calculate the energy level of n = 4th
would be the maximum number of photons emitted? [1]
state. [1]
c. In hydrogen atom, the electrons make transitions from n = 1 to n = 4.
ii. Calculate the momentum of photon. [1]
What will be the maximum number of emission lines? [1]
d. Rydberg’s constant is equal to 1.09678 × 107 m-1. Calculate the
wavelength of the first number of Balmer series. [3] Give reasons/ answers
6. a. Balmer series was observed and analyzed before the other series. Can 1. How is intensity of X-rays controlled in the production of X-rays?
you suggest a reason for such an order? [1] 2. How is frequency of X-rays controlled in the production of X-rays?
b. Obtain the wavelength in a hydrogen spectrum that lies within the 3. For the production of X-rays, the target is made of tungsten and not of
range of 500 nm to 700 nm. [2] aluminium or steel. Why?
c. Can you apply Bohr’s atomic model to calculate the energy of valance 4. Why do target of Coolidge tube gets heated during production of X-rays?
electrons in He atom as similar to H-atom? Do you think any necessary 5. X-rays can penetrate through the flesh but not bones. Why?
modifications in the Bohr’s theory for such a case? Explain. [2] 6. A proton and an electron have same K.E. which one has greater de-Broglie
wavelength?