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You deploy an updated website version, but it only displays a blank white page in
Firefox and an HTTP Error in Chrome. You find an error in the site's PHP error log
regarding a call to an undefined function named mysqli. What is the ideal next
step in troubleshooting the situation?
• Confirm that the mysqli PHP extension is installed and if not, install it.
A customer's website uses PHP 8.0 with PHP-FPM as the PHP handler. They've
created a php.ini file in their website's document root, but their changes are not
being reflected. Despite performing the following troubleshooting steps, the issue
persists:
Of the following choices, which of these accurately describes the issue that is
occurring here?
You've deployed the new version of your site in a custom document root. You
made sure to update all the appropriate cPanel files, rebuilt the Apache
configuration file, and restarted both Apache and PHP-FPM. However, sometimes
when you try to load the site the old version appears. Calling upon your Linux
skills, you run some commands to glean some more information about what might
be going on with the site or, more broadly, Apache:
Given the above information, which of the following will likely resolve the issue?
You receive a few tickets from your clients stating that their websites are down.
Upon checking the Service Status feature in WHM, you notice Apache is down
and try to restart the service in WHM. The interface displays the following
message:
Apache Restart Output: Apache could not be started due to an error: The “/usr/local/
To view any potential errors that are being produced from the service restart, you
head to the command line and run the restart script:
# /scripts/restartsrv_httpd
[...]
Log Messages
Feb 14 06:29:33 acit-iftv-webhost systemd: Failed to start Apache web server manage
Feb 14 06:29:33 acit-iftv-webhost restartsrv_httpd: httpd: Syntax error on line 273
[Mon Feb 14 06:05:28.250460 2022] [:error] [pid 906] [client 10.0.0.5:59258] [clien
[Mon Feb 14 06:05:28.249086 2022] [:error] [pid 906] [client 10.0.0.5:59258] [clien
Based on the output from the script, which solution would make the most sense in
the interest of getting the Apache service to start up successfully so that you can
perform more diagnostics after the production environment has come back online?
Your customer is reporting that their PHP application is still not reflecting those
changes after making php.ini changes into a custom php.ini file that they've placed
in their site's public_html folder. You do a quick check on their environment
details:
You've been making changes to your site's PHP-FPM configuration and to the
available PHP extensions to improve security, and all of a sudden, your site stops
working. You've made so many changes between the last check of your site and
now that you aren't sure which change is causing the issue. You check the site's
PHP error log and find the following:
[15-Aug-2022 18:51:17 UTC] PHP Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to undefined funct
Based on the above error, what can you reasonably conclude is causing the issue?
What is the Apache configuration directive specifies the folder location from which
a VirtualHost's static files are served?
• <Directory
You've found your next support ticket to work on, and the customer's site,
coolsite.com, is displaying a "Forbidden" error message instead of the actual site
content. Thinking about the troubleshooting process, you decide to start with
Apache to rule out any issues. You're in luck! You see the following log entry when
attempting to access the customer's site:
There is nothing wrong with the htaccess file's permissions or ownerships, yet the
site still isn't loading correctly. You decide to check the full path leading up to
htaccess file to rule out any other permission or ownership problems:
f: /home/coolsite/public_html/.htaccess
dr-xr-xr-x root root /
drwx--x--x root root home
drwx--x--x coolsite coolsite coolsite
drw-rw-rw- coolsite coolsite public_html
-rw-r--r-- coolsite coolsite .htaccess
Based on the above output, what can you reasonably conclude as the cause of the
error?
When operating within a cPanel & WHM environment, which of these commands
would display all available EasyApache 4 packages from within the server's
command line?
In a cPanel & WHM environment, within which of the following paths would you
be able to find the Apache modules stored?
• /etc/apache2/modules/
In a cPanel & WHM environment, if you select PHP 5.6 as the default PHP version,
then from which of the following paths will the php.ini file be loaded?
• /opt/cpanel/ea-php56/root/etc/php.ini
Which of the following terms can be described as a special text string syntax used
for describing a search pattern?
• Regular Expression
When administering a server running cPanel & WHM, which of the following
commands contains the appropriate paths and arguments needed to install an
EasyApache 4 profile from the command-line?
Which of the following command-line utilities can best be described as a tool that
allows you to concurrently install multiple versions of the same component
(software collections) onto your system, and is often used with EasyApache
4/MultiPHP operations?
• scl
How does the /usr/local/bin/php executable know which version of PHP it should
be using?
Referencing the Apache error log entry shown below, which of the following
options best describes the yellow-highlighted portion of the log entry (take note of
the specifically-highlighted word)?
[Fri Sep 09 10:42:29.902022 2011] [core:error] [pid 35708:tid 4328636416] [client 72
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following paths contain each
installed version's PHP configuration files (php.ini), used by MultiPHP? ("##"
representing the PHP version, in the options below)
• /opt/cpanel/ea-php##
Which of the following options indicates the HTTP status code that results in the
status message shown below?
• 200
• /etc/cpanel/ea4/profiles/custom
Which of the following components can be described as a specific SAPI that
provides functionality in a module that behaves as if it had been compiled into
Apache itself, handling appropriate requests without producing new, non-Apache
processes?
• DSO
Which of the following options indicates the HTTP status code that produces an
error like the one shown below?
• 403
Which of the following options describes the best way for you to enable the
experimental repository for EasyApache 4, when operating within a cPanel &
WHM environment?
If a user wants to utilize the system default version of PHP, which of the following
selections would they enable for their account?
• inherit
In modern installations of cPanel & WHM, EasyApache 4 will allow you to install
which of the following versions of Apache?
• Apache 2.4
Which of the following options accurately describe an action that one can perform
from within WHM's EasyApache 4 interface?”
• Change the php.ini files that are utilized for each installed PHP version.
Which of the following options best describes the method you would use to install
the PHP-FPM software, within a cPanel & WHM environment?
• PHP-FPM appears under the PHP Extensions stage of the EasyApache 4 profile
customization walkthrough.
In modern installations of cPanel & WHM, when selecting DSO from the
EasyApache 4 interface without mod_ruid2 or mpm_itk, what recommendation will
be displayed to you automatically, directly from within the EasyApache 4 interface?
• PHP DSO runs as the nobody user by default. In a shared hosting environment,
this is a security issue.
Which of the following options best describes the procedure needed to enable the
BlueHost SymLink Protection Patch?
Which of the following accurately indicates the user that processes created for the
DSO handler are owned by?
• nobody user
• suPHP
In modern installations of cPanel & WHM, how is the PHP version determined for
newly created accounts, when System PHP-FPM status is set to ON?
• Postfork
Which of the following options describes an action that can be performed from
within WHM's MultiPHP Manager interface?
• Install new PHP extensions for use in your active Apache/PHP environment.
Which of the following best describes one of the primary, intended purposes of a
DNSOnly server?
Which of the following most accurately describes what happens when a zone
contains two CNAME records with the same name?
After installing cPanel & WHM in a new environment, what is the initial, default
state of DNS clustering?
The following options found in the Exim Configuration Manager - Basic Editor
interface in WHM enables the checking of DNS resolution to see if the sender's
domain exists?
Which of the following options indicates what the abbreviation TTL stands for, in
the context of DNS?
• Time To Live; indicating how long a resource record should be cached.
In which of the following WHM interfaces would you enter the default nameservers
for accounts that root creates?
• WHM Home >> Server Configuration >> Basic WebHost Manager Setup
Which of the following types of DNS cluster synchronization found in WHM can
be best described as the copying of one updated zone file to the current server,
based on the value you provide as the domain you wish to synchronize?
Diego is a web designer who operates his own cPanel & WHM server. He wants to
create a test subdomain for one of his clients and upload some web content to it
so that he can share a "beta" (non-production) version of the site to his client.
Which of the following interfaces should he start with, in order to accomplish this?
Which of the following described situations would utilize DNS resolution as a key
component of its handling?
Yudith runs a small web-hosting company. She has added and removed several
zones manually but has accidentally deleted a zone belonging to a cPanel account.
Fortunately, this zone did not contain any custom records.
Given the situation, which of the following WHM interfaces should she utilize to re-
create the zone?
Which of the following DNS clustering synchronization types, found in the WHM
interface, can be best described as the copying of all updated versions of local
zone files to all servers in the cluster?
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the term clustering, in
the context of a server hosting environment?
• Two or more servers that all serve the same purpose configured in a
distributed, connected environment.
Given the following options, which indicates the ideal source from which you
should obtain your server's resolver IP addresses?
Which of the following types of DNS cluster synchronization found in the WHM
interface can be accurately described as the copying of all updated versions of
local zone files from other servers in the cluster to this server?
Which of the following options best describes the term recursive, in the context of
DNS?
Which of the following most accurately describes what happens when a domain
with two NS records in its zone is queried?
• default
By default, which of the following sections appear first in the named.conf file?
• key
In a cPanel & WHM environment, DNS zone templates can be used to ensure
which of the following?
• To standardize a set of zone records and structure that will be used for a large
number of DNS zones.
• options
• named-checkzone
To retrieve the IPv6 record of a domain, you would query for which of the
following records in a domain?
• AAAA
After you update a zone's serial number (or any other record), which of the
following commands can you execute to ensure that your local nameserver has
been updated to use the new zone data?
• rndc reload
Which important configuration file would allow you to change important server
options, such as enabling debug logging for BIND/named?
• /etc/named.conf
In a cPanel & WHM server, which of the following would allow you to select
another DNS server application from the command line?
• setupnameserver
On a cPanel & WHM environment, the system stores the private/public keys for
DKIM in which of the following paths?
• /var/cpanel/domain_keys
To force the local system to resolve a domain to a specific IP address, which of the
following files would you modify to accomplish this?
• /etc/hosts
When you see a "rndc reload: connection refused" error, which of the following
commands should you run first?
• /scripts/fixrndc
Which of the following nameserver applications does not load all of its DNS zones
upon startup?
• MyDNS
• rndc
Which of the following is the first nameserver that the resolver queries to
determine the address of the TLD nameserver?
Which of the following DNS-related command-line utilities would provide you with
similar results to those given by the dig utility, and is used for essentially the same
purposes?
• nslookup
On a server that does not need to facilitate zone transfers, which of the following
configuration variables found in the named.conf file should be set to none to
disable them?
• allow-transfer
By default, which of these logging categories are routed into the default_log
channel, in a BIND/named DNS server configuration?
• general
• Index
Which of the following actions can you perform directly from within the WHM
interface, without using phpMyAdmin?
• SQL
Which of the following is a term that indicates a trait of the object described by the
table, or can be otherwise referenced as a table column?
• Field
Which of the following best describes the MySQL root password's role in a cPanel
& WHM environment?
• A password that is primarily handled via automated means by cPanel & WHM
back-end services and can be reset as needed.
Which of the following details about the remote server would you need to know, if
you wanted to set up a new remote MySQL profile in WHM?
The WHM Home >> SQL Services >> Additional Access Hosts interface creates
server-level grants that are similar to the grants that can be created in which of the
following cPanel account-level Interfaces?
Given the following options, which accurately describe a feature specific to the
MyISAM storage engine?
• MyISAM has repair capabilities that allow you to perform the REPAIR query,
either directly or from the WHM interface, on tables that may have corrupted
data or indexes.
Which of the following is one of the most common causes of MySQL upgrade
failures?
• Aborting the upgrade, intentionally or otherwise, part-way through the
procedure.
Ananya has a website that writes data into a MySQL database. She was mail-
bombed, and as a result, has gone over the quota that was set for her account by
the WHM server administrator. Which of the following best describes what
happens to her website now?
When using a cPanel & WHM environment, remote MySQL capabilities should be
set up via the MySQL Profiles interface in WHM at which of the following stages of
a server's operations?
The WHM Home >> SQL Services >> Manage Databases interface allows you to
do which of the following operations?
Which of the following terms can be described as the way that permissions are
handled inside a MySQL or MariaDB database?
• Grants
In modern versions of cPanel & WHM, what benefits can database prefixing,
enabled from the SQL tab of the Tweak Settings interface in WHM, provide?
• Locking
• A part of the InnoDB storage engine that uses metadata to map structural
information to the file it’s stored in.
Which of the following types of tables can you repair using the Repair a MySQL
Database interface, found in WHM?
• MyISAM
Using the Manage MySQL Profiles interface in WHM, what is the recommended
maximum number of cPanel & WHM servers should be connected to each
configured remote MySQL server?
• 1
By default, what kind of remote MySQL access is allowed, given the correct user
and password?
From the command line in a cPanel & WHM environment, how could you
determine whether a server is utilizing a remote MySQL server?
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following tools can best be
described as the executable that creates grants_[cpuser].yaml files from existing
MySQL grants, as found within the existing mysql.user database?
• restoregrants
When should you make backups of your configuration files (or the my.cnf file in
particular)?
Which of the following SQL queries would be the most effective in identifying
MySQL users that still have pre-4.1 passwords in use?
• SELECT DISTINCT user FROM user WHERE length(password) < 41;
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following tools can be best
described as the executable that reads the grants_cpuser.yaml file, then adds the
corresponding grants to MySQL.
• restoregrants
• COPY
The following text shows an example of which type of syntax, also visible in some
mapping-related files stored by cPanel within the file system?
• JSON
In a cPanel & WHM environment, which of the following describes the purpose of
the files that exist within the /var/cpanel/databases directory?
Which of the following describes one of the important steps discussed when
describing how a full MySQL data directory can be manually restored from a
cPanel-created backup?
• Ensure ownership of the restored files is mysql:mysql, after being copied into
the data directory.
You must stop the MySQL service in order to perform which of the following
actions?
• Relocate or rename the data directory file in the MySQL data directory.
Within which of the following locations could you check if you wanted to confirm
whether a cPanel & WHM server has "old (pre-4.1) passwords" enabled?
When looking at the following excerpt from the beginning of a SHOW GRANTS
result, what does the term USAGE ON indicate on the . value that follows?
GRANT USAGE ON .
Which of the following file extensions are associated specifically with InnoDB
tables?
• ibd
• max_allowed_packet
How can you prevent cPanel & WHM from performing automated updates on the
MySQL® or MariaDB server software?
Error messages in your database error logs that indicate invalid, missing or
unexpected system tables can frequently be the result of which of the following
issues?
If the MySQL processes are stopped using the kill -9 command, what can you
expect to happen?
• Bitwise operator
Which of the following MySQL/MariaDB-related variables can be controlled via an
option found within WHM's Tweak Setting interface?
• open_files_limit
Which of the following options best describes what is indicated by the act of a
mail server "relaying" its mail?
In which WHM interface can you configure the forwarders for the root, cPanel,
and nobody mail accounts?
Which of the following options describe an actual value that can be adjusted
within the WHM Home » Service Configuration » Mailserver Configuration
interface?
SCENARIO: You receive a report that all mail from a specific user on your server is
neither delivered to the inbox nor bounced.
When you check the WHM Home » Email » Mail Delivery Reports interface, you
see a green checkmark icon next to the message. Which of the following options
best describes what this may indicate?
• That the message was delivered successfully to a folder other than the inbox.
Given the following, which best describes an actual reason that the system may
place a message into the Exim queue?
The following items from the WHM Home » Service Configuration » Exim
Configuration Manager - Basic Editor interface would allow you to exclude mail
sent from specific remote IP addresses or hostnames from being subjected to
recipient verification checks, sender checks, spam checks, and relay checks?
You can use the Exim Configuration Manager - Basic Editor to configure Exim to
deliver mail without scanning messages based on which of the following criteria?
• It does not send an actual test message but simulates sending one.
Given the following options, which best describes something about an email
address that can be determined by using the WHM Home » Email » Mail
Troubleshooter interface, found in WHM?
Which of the following tools may help you to resolve issues indicated by the time
moved backwards warning?
What actions can you perform in the WHM Home » Email » Mail Queue Manager
interface?”
Justine's boss just told her that the authentication daemon for the mail server is
broken. Which of the following options best indicates the component of the mail
system that is affected by this?
All mail from a specific user is neither delivered to the inbox nor bounced. When
you check the WHM Home » Email » Mail Delivery Reports interface, you see a
funnel-shaped icon next to the message.
Which of the following options best describes what this probably indicates?
If there is a long delay indicated when an email is being sent, the Mailer Daemon
will send a warning message to which of the following destinations?
Given the following, which option best describes an actual reason that the system
may place a message into the Exim queue?
• There are DNS issues preventing Exim from finding the remote mail server.
cPanel & WHM allows you to choose whether mail should be held in the queue or
returned to sender when the recipient's mailbox meets which of the following
criteria?
Which of the following Mail interfaces in WHM can provide you with a historical
snapshot of the mail queue?
Which of the following commands will remove all messages sent by the
spammer@example.tld user within the last 30 minutes?
Which of the following can be discerned from the Exim log entry shown below?
What is the role of the -y flag when used with the exiqgrep utility?
Of the following mailbox formats, which of these are supported for use in cPanel &
WHM environments?
• mdbox
Which of the following can be discerned from the Exim log entry shown below?
Of the following mailbox formats, which of these are supported for use in cPanel &
WHM environments?
• MailDir
Which of the following describes what is indicated by the use of the virtual_user
router during a message's delivery, as seen in the exim logs?
• The message was delivered to an email account created in the cPanel interface.
Which of the following values are provided in the output of the exim -bp
command?
• Exim ID
Which of the following best describes the role of the exim -bpc command?
• The Exim ID
Which of the following Actions in a cPanel email filter will result in an incoming
message being rejected without sending any notifications?
• Discard Message
Which of the following describes the primary role of the exim -Mvb command?
Given the following options, which one would be descriptive of behavior most
likely to indicate that a spam problem is occurring?
Which of the following exim commands would output the number of messages that
currently exist in the Exim mail queue?
• exim -bp
Which of the following describes what is indicated by the use of the localuser
router during a message's delivery, as seen in the Exim logs?
• The message was delivered to a default (cPanel) account.
When using Maildir, the "cur" folder contains which of the following items?
A particular type of email filter is stored in the /etc/vfilters/ directory. Which of the
following types of filters are these?
• /home/$USER/mail/
Which of the following Exim log entries would indicate that mail was deleted due
to a filter?
Given two cPanel servers exchanging email, which of the following would appear
in both messages' headers, but would not appear in the Exim logs on either the
sending or the receiving server?
• Exim ID
Development for cPanel & WHM
• Manage2 API
• Configuration
• plugin
• /usr/local/bin
What of the following can be described as a structured way for one program to
offer services to other programs?
• API
Webmail plugins are available to which type of accounts?
• Mail user
• Perl
• Displays UI content
• Root
Which is the primary API that is used to modify cPanel user data?
• UAPI
While not advised, which port would you use for unsecured API calls to a specific
cPanel account?
• 2082
• Root or Reseller
• /usr/local/cpanel/bin/manage_hooks
• Update
• .exe
• NodeJS
• 8
The script that you need to use to “register” your standard hook is called …
• register_hooks
Hook action code must be treated as an encoded data structure of which of the
following types?
• JSON
• post
All hook action scripts must have the correct file permissions to work properly,
which permissions do they need to have?
• 755
The location of the branding files for root is found in which of these locations?
• /var/cpanel/customizations/brand
Which term is defined as: "Applies an overlay on the skeletal framework for all of
the interfaces"?
• theme
When using whmapi1 on the command line and you want to perform a key/value
call to the API you can specify all the following output formats except ...
Which of the following interfaces are you able to make branding changes to match
your companies logo and brand?
What part of an API call will specify the session of the call?
• token
Which language is used for a plugin installation?
• Bash
You would use uapi functions when you want to perform which type of operation?
• /etc/cpanel/ea4
When creating a custom profile file, which file type is used to store the
information?
• JSON
• /usr/local/cpanel/bin/
Which term is defined as: "Adding custom content to header or footer of the UI"?
• includes
When a system boots, it runs a script called "onboot_handler", where are the
scripts located that are run by this handler?
• /var/cpanel/on_boot/
The location of the branding files for resellers is found in which of these locations?
• /home/reseller/var/cpanel/reseller/brand
When setting "Disk Space Quota" during package creation, in which unit format
must the quota be specified?
• MB
In order to add environment variables for your web applications, which RPM must
be added?
• ea-apache24-mod_env
As an end user, which is the proper way to restore your full cPanel backup?
All of the following resource limits may be set in a package except ...
• cPanel accounts
Let's assume a node.js developer has an account called "user" on your WHM
server and they followed the cPanel guide to creating a test node.js application.
Where would you find the node.js test script?
• /home/user/nodejsapp/app.js
All of the following external services are available for remote backup destinations
except ...
• iCloud
During backups you need to specify staging directories, which of the following can
not be used as a staging directory on your server?
• /backup
• Feature List
• Shell Access
Which of the following git commands would you use to update the master branch?
• checkout
Which of the following is one of the three types of articles you'll find within each of
the parent categories of the knowledgebase?
At which of the following websites can I find both knowledgebase articles written
by Support analysts, as well as a means of creating cPanel support tickets as
needed?
• support.cpanel.net
A customer is looking for articles to help walk them through the process of
restricting the amount of MySQL connections per-user on their server. Which of
the following article type would be most likely to assist them?
• How-Tos
There are two key things we recommend ensuring are present within every ticket
subject, when at all possible. The first is that the subject describes the problem in
short, concise words. What is the second?
What label is shown on the "big orange button" that directs you towards a list of
categories for browsing the knowledge base articles?
• Support Topics
A customer is attempting to use the whmapi1 command-line tool to test some API
calls on their server, before using them in their application. However, upon
attempting to use this command with any API, they are receiving an error message
informing them that no license exists.
Taking this scenario into account, which of the following subject titles would be
most effective when creating a support ticket?
Using the following error log message as a reference point, given the following
options, which would be the most effective search query for finding an article
related to this specific problem?
info [cpwrapd] ERROR in Mysql query :(XID vwqrz2) The system received an error from
In our five tips for effective article searching, we recommend starting with which of
the following guidelines?
← CWSA-2
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