Reg. No.

RAMCO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST- II
EE3601-Protection and Switchgear
Regulation 2021
Semester and Branch: VI Semester B.E. EEE,
Faculty Name: Dr. S. Kannan Date: 27.04.2024
Max. Marks: 100 Time: 180 min

PART-A Answer ALL Questions (10×2=20 Marks)

1. List the problems associated with busbar differential protection? [CO3, L1]
2. Mention the different protections given to the busbars. [CO3, L1]
3. Which type of protection scheme is preferred for EHV and UHV power lines [CO3, L1]
4. Suggest the relays used to protect transmission line? [CO3, L2]
5. Define static relays? [CO4, L1]
6. Compare static and electromagnetic relays [CO4, L2]
7. Draw the block diagram of numeric relay. [CO4, L2]
8. Define the term current chopping. [CO5, L1]
9. Differentiate ac and dc circuit breaking [CO5, L2]
10. Distinguish between recovery voltage and restriking voltage [CO5, L2]

PART-B Answer ALL Questions ((5×13) = 65 Marks)

11a. Write a detailed note on different protection schemes used for motor protection.
[CO3, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
11b. With neat sketches explain the different types of protective schemes for transmission lines.
[CO3, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

12a. Explain with neat block diagram the operation of static relay and mention the advantages and
disadvantages of static relays. [CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
12b. Draw and explain the block diagram of static time overcurrent relay along with its time-current
characteristics. [CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

13a. Draw and explain the block diagram of a numerical relay and also state the advantages and

limitations of a numerical relay and flowchart. [CO4, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
13b. Discuss the block diagram of Numerical over current protection with a neat sketch along with
its flow chart. [CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

14a. Explain the terms restriking voltage, recovery voltage and RRRV. Derive expressions for

restriking voltage and RRRV. [CO5, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
14b. Explain the phenomenon of current chopping in circuit breaker and list the methods to reduce
the same. [CO5, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

Form No. AC 13d Rev.No. 02 Effective Date: 16.09.2021

 Reg. No.

15a.Draw the schematic of a HVDC circuit breaker and explain its functioning.
[CO5, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
15b. Explain with neat sketch the construction, operating principle of minimum oil Circuit Breaker
with its merits and demerits [CO5, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

PART-C Answer ALL Questions (1×15 = 15 Marks)

16a. (i) Enumerate the synthesis of various relays using static comparators
[CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (8 Marks)
(ii) In a short circuit test on a 3 pole, 132 kV circuit breaker, the following observations are
made. Power factor for fault =0.4,recovery voltage 0.9 times full line value, the breaking current
symmetrical, frequency of oscillation of restriking voltage 16 kHZ. Assume neutral is grounded
and fault is not grounded. Determine average RRRV. [CO5, L3, PI: 2.1.3] (7 Marks)
OR
16b. (i). Explain the concept of duality in static comparators.
[CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (7 Marks)
(ii) A Circuit breaker is connected with 100MVA transformer at 220 kv. The magnetizing
current of a transformer is 5% of the full load current. Determine the maximum voltage which may
appear across the gap of the breaker when the magnetizing current is interrupted at 53% of its peak
value. The stray capacitance is 2500 μF. The inductance is 30H [CO5, L3, PI: 2.1.3] (8 Marks)

After completion of the course, it is expected that the students will able to

CO3: Interpret the suitable protection system for the apparatus protection.
CO4: Evaluate the performance of the Static relays and Numerical protection.

CO5: Choose the type of circuit breaker for different applications

L1: Remember; L2: Understand; L3: Apply

*****

Form No. AC 13d Rev.No. 02 Effective Date: 16.09.2021

 Reg. No.

RAMCO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST- II
EE3601-Protection and Switchgear
Regulation 2021
Semester and Branch: VI Semester B.E. EEE,
Faculty Name: Dr. S. Kannan Date: 07.03.2024
Max. Marks: 100 Time: 180 min

PART-A Answer ALL Questions (5×2=10 Marks)

1. Explain the need for busbar protection? [CO3, L2]
2. List the problems encountered in bus bar differential protection scheme? [CO3, L1]
3. Mention the common methods used for the transmission line protection? [CO3, L1]
4. Give the examples for unit and non-unit systems of protection [CO3, L1]
5. State the limitations of static relay? [CO4, L1]
6. List out the semiconductor devices used in static relays. [CO4, L1]
7. State the advantages of numerical protection [CO4, L1]
8. Mention different methods of high resistance arc interruption. [CO5, L1]
9. Justify oil circuit breakers are not suitable for heavy current interruption at low voltages.
[CO5, L2]
10. Explain the importance of rate of rise of restriking voltage in circuit breaker operation?
[CO5, L2]

PART-B Answer ALL Questions ((1×12) + (1×13) = 25 Marks)

11a. With neat figure explain frame-leakage protection of bus-bar. [CO3, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
11b. Discuss about pilot protection used for EHV & UHV transmission lines.
[CO3, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

12a. How static overcurrent relays are different for electromechanical relays? Explain how the
operation of instantaneous overcurrent relay is achieved using electronic circuits.
[CO4, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
12b. Explain the static differential protection scheme and illustrate its application power transformer
with necessary circuit diagrams. [CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

13a. Discuss the operation of numerical differential protection scheme used for the transformers.
[CO4, L2, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)
OR
13b. Explain the operation of a numerical distance protection scheme used for the transmission line
protection. [CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

14a. Derive the expression to find the critical values of resistance to be connected across the circuit

breaker contacts. [CO5, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

OR
14b. Explain the working of air blast circuit breaker with reference to (i) axial blast (ii) cross blast.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of air blast circuit breaker?

Form No. AC 13d Rev.No. 02 Effective Date: 16.09.2021

 Reg. No.

[CO5, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

15a. With neat figure, explain the construction and working of SF 6 circuit breaker. What are
advantages, applications and disadvantages of SF6 breaker? [CO5, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

OR
15b. Explain the construction, working, advantages, application and the disadvantages of Vacuum
circuit breakers. [CO5, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (13 Marks)

PART-C Answer ALL Questions (1x15=15 Marks)

16a. (i) Draw neat diagrams to demonstrate ‘trip’, ‘restrain’ and ‘threshold’ conditions for the sine
and cosine type of phase comparators. [CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (8 Marks)
(ii) Explain the HVDC Breaker operation with neat sketch.. [CO5, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (7 Marks)
OR
16b. (i) Describe in detail, the synthesis of reactance relay using static phase comparator
[CO4, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (7 Marks)
(ii) Discuss in detail the various high resistance arc interruption methods
[CO5, L3, PI: 1.3.1] (8 Marks)

After completion of the course, it is expected that the students will able to

CO3: Interpret the suitable protection system for the apparatus protection.
CO4: Evaluate the performance of the Static relays and Numerical protection.

CO5: Choose the type of circuit breaker for different applications

L1: Remember; L2: Understand; L3: Apply

*****

Form No. AC 13d Rev.No. 02 Effective Date: 16.09.2021