UNIT 4: TANK FARM AND EQUIPMENT LAYOUT

1) Discuss various guidelines in case of process equipment layout?

Ans: While making layout, draw X and Y coordinate axis on drawing sheet and make
boundary of 750-1000 mm on these axes as vacant space. Start drawing layout of ground
floor by referring of ELD after making perfect decision in mind regarding locating
equipment. Vertical equipment are represented by circles (i.e. drawn on layout as circles),
and the horizontal equipment are represented by rectangles (i.e. drawn on layout as
rectangle) and pumps compressors etc. are also represented by small rectangles. A
distance of 750-1000 mm should be kept between each equipment. Centre line of
equipment in X-Y direction is to be maintained as a straight line once all equipment’s
plan is drawn the rough idea comes about the floor area requirement. Then start drawing
layout of first floor and so on exactly above layout of ground floor.
We have to draw layout of equipment on ground floor we have to imagine that we are
on first floor assume floor to be transparent and we have to see the ground floor and so
on. The equipments which actually occupy the floor space of a particular floor should
only be drawn in layout of that floor full stop for instance if reactor is embedded in the
first floor and projected on ground floor then it should be drawn shown in layout for first
row if distillation -3 ec column of se 9 metre height is involved in the process and floor to
floor distance is 6 metres then the column should appear as a circle in layout of ground
and first floor at the same location.
2) Constant top composition for batch column

3) Reactor with constant reaction temperature, and constant coolant flow.

 4) Draw the P&ID for Cooler temperature control

5) Draw the P&ID for following Column top pressure control.

Q2.) Draw the PnID of the following:

a) Distillation column with reflux, bottom level control and feed control.
b) Feed control in continuous dryer.

c) Mechanically agitated vessel(temp control) with internal coils

d) Absorber showing stripping with steam
Ans:

1) Constant top composition for batch column

Q5.) Explain in brief tank farm and equipment layout.

Ans: The place nearby the processing area or some distance away from the
processing area and located away from utility generating units example boiler house where
liquid raw materials solvents and finished products are stored in storage tanks is called
answer these storage tanks are kept open to sky and bonded by brick wall called dike wall.
In tank farm drawing vertical storage tank is represented by a circle and horizontal tank is
represented by rectangle as vertical tanks are used for bulk storage and horizontal tanks are
used for small volume storage the circle representing vertical tank is to be drawn larger in
size than the rectangle representing horizontal storage tank in tank farm drawing in case of
raw material storage tank it is usual practice to show 3 pumps nearby it out of these three
pumps to pumps are two be used for transferring raw material to processing area and third
one is to be used for unloading tankers for raw material storage tank. Similarly we have to
show one pump near by the storage of finished product which is to be used for loading of
tankers with finished product for from storage tank transfer palms are represented by small
rectangles the storage tanks are to be drawn larger in size as compared to process equipments.
Detailed equipment layout of processing area is not only helpful but necessary in determining
the first realistic estimates of the routing lengths and sequence of this is important in such
specification as pipe sizing and pump head and compressive discharge pressure the process
equipment layout that is layout of processing area should be drawn floor wise for drawing
this diagram we have to refer to engineering line diagram which gives Idea regarding floor
wise installation of process equipments etc when dimensions of the process equipments are
given then layout of processing area should be drawn to scale when dimensions are not given
then suitable proportionate sizes of equipments should be assumed for drawing layout the
layout of processing area gives us Idea regarding exact location of process equipment on
particular floor.

Q6.) Define P&ID and explain how it can be developed from BFD?
1. Identify the variable in process to be control
2. Identify the depending variables
3. Do specify the different control strategies.
4. To finalized the best strategy on basis of safety and cost.
5. To developed the instrumentation for the same.

A piping and instrumentation diagram is a detailed diagram in the process industry which
shows the piping and process equipment together with the instrumentation and control
devices.