12.

Which of the following is the name given to the configuration of the cardiac
silhouette in pericardial effusion ?
A. Hour glass
B. Water bottle
C. Dust bin
D. Tear drop

13. Which out of the following is the less common cause of cardiac tamponade ?
A. Neoplastic disease
B. Tuberculosis
C. Idiopathic pericarditis
D. Renal failure

14. In cardiac tamponade, Beck’s triad consists of all except ?

A. Hypotension
B. Soft or absent heart sounds
C. Pulsus paradoxus
D. Jugular venous distention with a prominent “x” descent but an absent “y”
descent

15. Presence of which of the following should raise suspicion of cardiac

tamponade ?
A. Reduction in amplitude of QRS complexes
B. Electrical alternans of P wave
C. Electrical alternans of QRS or T waves
D. All of the above
16. In ECG, electrical alternans may be present in ?
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Constrictive pericarditis
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. RVMI
17. Kussmaul’s sign is absent in which of the following ?
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Constrictive pericarditis
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. Right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI)

19. On echocardiography, right atrial collapse and right ventricular diastolic

collapse (RVDC) is present in which of the following ?
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Constrictive pericarditis
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. Right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI)
2. Pericardial knock is often present in ?
A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Constrictive pericarditis
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. RVMI

3. Pulsus paradoxus is defined as a decrease in systolic arterial pressure of ?

A. > 10 mm Hg with inspiration
B. > 20 mm Hg with inspiration
C. > 30 mm Hg with inspiration
D. > 40 mm Hg with inspiration

4. Pulsus paradoxus is most common in ?

A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Constrictive pericarditis
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. All of the above

5. Pulsus paradoxus is observed in which of the following condition ?

A. Hypovolemic shock
B. Acute and chronic obstructive airways disease
C. Pulmonary embolus
D. All of the above

6. Doppler ultrasound in cardiac tamponade shows marked increase in flow

velocities during inspiration across ?
A. Pulmonic valve
B. Pulmonic vein
C. Mitral valve
D. Aortic valve

7. Most common cause of acute pericarditis is ?

A. Viral or unknown (idiopathic)
B. Trauma to the chest
C. Neoplastic invasion of the pericardium
D. Tuberculosis
8. Which of the following drugs is not indicated in treatment of idiopathic acute
pericarditis ?
A. Phenylbutazone
B. Colchicine
C. Prednisone
D. Ibuprofen

11.The possible sequelae of pericarditis include ?

A. Cardiac tamponade
B. Recurrent pericarditis
C. Pericardial constriction
D. All of the above
12. The presence of which of the following is most sensitive indicator of cardiac
tamponade ?
A. Systemic arterial hypotension
B. Tachycardia
C. Elevated jugular venous pressure
D. Pulsus paradoxus

19. A large pericardial effusion is diagnosed if the echo-free space on 2D

echocardiography is ?
A. > 10 mm
B. > 20 mm
C. > 30 mm
D. > 40 mm
20. In rheumatoid arthritis, pericardial fluid has which of the following features ?
A. Exudate
B. Decreased concentrations of complement and glucose
C. Elevated cholesterol
D. All of the above