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Periodicity (ANNEX) - CN - STDT2A
Periodicity (ANNEX) - CN - STDT2A
Periodicity
Oxidation states: Nitrogen exhibits a long range of oxidation states (-3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2,
+3, +4 and +5) while other group 15 elements have a few oxidation states (-3, 0, +3, +5).
Physical state of elements: All Group 15 elements are solid at room temperature except
nitrogen which is a gas.
Physical state of oxides: All Group 15 elements form solid oxides except nitrogen which
forms gaseous oxides.
Formation of X3–: Group 15 elements do not form X3– ion except nitrogen which forms
azide ion (N3– ) due to its small size and high electronegativity of nitrogen. The azide ion
is found in sodium azide (NaN3), hydrazoic acid (HN3) with the oxidation state of
nitrogen being -1/3.
Atomicity in the vapour phase: All Group 15 elements exist as tetraatomic molecules in
their vapour phase except nitrogen which is diatomic.
THE NEN SERIES A-Level chemistry notes 2023-2024 school year prepared by Nkemzi E.N