Compulsion: ¥" MUST: Fett at the moment of speaking. | must go now. i's getting dark’, Present reference Y” HAD BETTER: External compulsion. You'd better be here at 8,00 o'clock. Y, SHOULD! QUGHT To Advice or suggestion: Vou should s98 2 doctor "HAD BETTER: I think youd better leave now (ther lb on at} THEORETICAL: CAN (present) and COULD (pas!). Scotland can be very warm in September FACTUAL: MAY (present and future). There is present evidence that surmething wil happen. REMOTE / TENTATIVE: iGHT (present and fulure) / COULD (I's possible but not likely to happen) MAY HAVE + PP: Possible past events: She's late. She may have missed the trai, MIGHT HAVE + PP: idem, butt did net happen. *..You might have kiled yoursel™ FOR SPECULATING ABOUT THE PAST: COULD / CAN (negative or questions): Peter could have run long distances, 4244844 GENERAL PRESENT ABILITY: CAN : he can swim. FUTURE ABILITY: TO BE ABLE TO: It implies a sense of achievement. “Il be able to speak French in a few months? (GENERAL ABILITY IN THE PAST: COULD: She could ride a horse ONLY IN ONE OCCASION: TO BE ABLE TO / MANAGE / SUCCEED IN (but COULONT in negativey: | managed to coin time PERMISSION FORMAL: MAY. May | goto the tollet? (Do you let me go?) Y POLITE. COULD. Could yu to the toilet? (Remote, tentative. You expect a negatve answer) INFORMAL: CAN. Cen! go tthe tollet? st allowed to go tothe Wilt?) KROSS REQUEST: ¥" SHOULD (Move formal). Should | leave these papers on the desk? (You arent eure ofthe answer) SHALL (Less formal). Shall | open the door? (An affirmative answer is expected) Y WILL (tor emphasis) you wil help me now Il be grateful HABITS: % use Tu: vastnapes used to ve in NeW York Y WOULD: Habis nie past elated general to our enitnood experiences or when recaina meron «itis mot used to tac aout pact states (be, ve, have, ets} He vee to be my tan. (2 oul) + itis not used to contrast past and present hiabils. My brother used to play football but now ne plays tennis. Y WILL: (PRESENT) He will go all day without eating