DSC4810/101/0/2015

Tutorial Letter 101/0/2015

Research support tools

DSC4810

Year module

Department of Decision Sciences

Important Information:
This is an online module.
All study material will be posted on myUnisa.
Please activate your myLife e-mail address and ensure that
you have regular access to the myUnisa module site
DSC4810-15-Y1.

Bar code

university
Learn without limits. of south africa
 DSC4810/101/0

Contents
1 Introduction 3

2 Overview of this module 3

2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Learning outcomes and assessment criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3.1 Learning outcome 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3.2 Learning outcome 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3.3 Learning outcome 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3 Lecturer(s) and contact details 5

3.1 Lecturer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2 Department . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.3 University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4 Module-related resources 5
4.1 myUnisa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.2 myLife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.3 Prescribed books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.4 Computer software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.4.1 LATEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.4.2 Software for creating EPS files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.4.3 Software for data analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.5 Tutorial letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

5 Assessment 7
5.1 Assessment plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.2 Assignment numbers, unique numbers and due dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.3 Submission of assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

6 Assignments 9
6.1 Assignment 01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6.2 Assignment 02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

2
 DSC4810/101/0

1 Introduction

Welcome as an honours student in the Department of Decision Sciences, and especially in this Research
support tools module.
Because this is a fully online module, you will need to use myUnisa to download study material (tutorial
letters and additional resources) and to submit your assignments. You will therefore need to visit the
DSC4810 site on myUnisa frequently.
To get started, go to the website https://my.unisa.ac.za and login with your student number and pass-
word. (If you haven’t used myUnisa before, you will need to create a password.)
You will find DSC4810-15-Y1 under More Sites on the webpage.

2 Overview of this module

2.1 General

Any technical report where one has to report on some practical project needs to comply with certain re-
quirements. This module has been designed to provide students with the necessary skills to meet these
requirements.
Technical writing involves much more than just putting words on paper and this module addresses the
following aspects thereof:
⊲ to type text and mathematics correctly;
⊲ to find, analyse and interpret information on a topic from existing literature and apply correct refer-
encing techniques to prevent plagiarism;
⊲ to apply data analysis techniques to data sets and to present the results in a report.
Decision Sciences is in essence a mathematical subject. Therefore we introduce students to the text processing
package LATEX which was developed especially for mathematical and technical writing.
The seriousness of plagiarism cannot be stressed enough. In the past students who committed plagiarism
received a mark of zero for assignments or the final portfolio and had to repeat the module. To avoid making
oneself guilty of plagiarism, it is important to apply correct referencing techniques.
To enable students to analyse available data and to include the results in reports on their research, we
introduce the statistical package R, which is open source software. Details on the installation and use of R
will follow in a later tutorial letter.

Important: All assignments will be sent through a plagiarism detection tool like Turnitin.
If a student is found to have committed plagiarism, he/she will be penalised severely and
disciplinary steps may be taken.

3
 DSC4810/101/0

2.2 Purpose

The purpose of this module is to equip students with the necessary skills to produce high quality technical
documents. The focus is on the use of the typesetting package LATEX, correct referencing techniques and
data analysis.

2.3 Learning outcomes and assessment criteria

2.3.1 Learning outcome 1

Students are able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the use of LATEX for typesetting technical
and/or mathematical documents.
Assessment criteria
To demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the use of LATEX for typesetting mathematical documents,
students should be able to
⊲ download and install LATEX from the internet;
⊲ use correct mathematical and typographical techniques to typeset given mathematical parts using
LATEX.

2.3.2 Learning outcome 2

Students are able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of technical writing and referencing tech-
niques.
Assessment criteria
To demonstrate knowledge and understanding of technical writing and referencing techniques, students
should be able to
⊲ gather relevant information for a literature study on a given topic;
⊲ contextualise gathered information;
⊲ organise gathered information in a logical manner;
⊲ apply correct referencing techniques;
⊲ apply correct writing, typographical and indexing techniques.

2.3.3 Learning outcome 3

Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of data analysis techniques and the use of relevant computer
software.
Assessment criteria
To demonstrate knowledge and understanding of data analysis techniques, students should be able to
⊲ download and install R;
⊲ import and analyse existing data sets by using R;
⊲ include tables and figures (from R and other sources) in LATEX documents;
⊲ write reports on the outcomes of data analysis projects.

4
 DSC4810/101/0

3 Lecturer(s) and contact details

3.1 Lecturer

The primary lecturer for this module is

Dr M Fick
Telephone: 012 433-4732
E-mail: fickm@unisa.ac.za
Address: Room 4-14, Club One Building, Hazelwood
The lecturer is available to help students who experience problems with computer packages and study
related problems. You may contact her by telephone, e-mail (preferable) or make an appointment to see her
personally at the office. Always include your student number when you contact your lecturer.

3.2 Department

The telephone number for the Department of Decision Sciences is 012 433-4684 and the e-mail address is
qm@unisa.ac.za.

3.3 University

To contact the University, you should follow the instructions in the myStudies @ Unisa brochure. Remember
to have your student number available when you contact the University.

4 Module-related resources

4.1 myUnisa

Since this is an online module, you will need to access online resources and information through myUnisa.
The myUnisa learning management system is Unisa’s online campus that will help you to communicate
with your lecturers, with other students and with the administrative departments of Unisa—all through the
computer and the internet.
Access the myUnisa website at https://my.unisa.ac.za. If it is your first time on myUnisa, click on the
“Claim UNISA Login” at the right-hand side of the screen. You will then be prompted to enter your student
number and your myUnisa and myLife login details.
The following are important tools on myUnisa that you will use regularly:
⊲ Announcements
Announcements will be posted on myUnisa whenever necessary. If your myLife email address has been
set up, you will also receive the announcements via e-mail.
⊲ Dicussions
Here students (and the lecturer) can share module-related problems and possible solutions.
⊲ Assignments
All assignments must be submitted through myUnisa as ZIP files. No assignments submitted by post
will be accepted.

5
 DSC4810/101/0

4.2 myLife

You will receive announcements as well as marked assignments through your myLife e-mail address. It is
therefore important that you access your myLife e-mail regularly to ensure that you do not miss these.
If you have an e-mail address that you use frequently, we suggest that you redirect your myLife e-mail
messages to this e-mail address as follows:
1. After you have signed in to your myLife account, click on the Options dropdown list in the top righthand
corner and select Create an Inbox Rule.
2. On the Inbox Rules tab, click New.
3. Under When the message arrives, select [Apply to all messages] and under Do the following, select
Redirect the message to....
4. Enter the e-mail address you want your e-mail be sent to in the To field.
5. Click OK to save your selections and then click Save to save your rule and return to the Inbox Rules
tab.
If you have previously created a password for your myLife account, but have forgotten it, request a new
password as follows: On the myUnisa home page click on Forgotten UNISA password, select myLife (Email
System) and click Continue. From here simply follow the instructions.

4.3 Prescribed books

There are no prescribed books to be purchased for this module.

The online publication The Not So Short Introduction to LATEX2ε by Tobias Oetiker et al. is regarded as
the prescribed material to get started with LATEX. It is available as LShort on myUnisa under Additional
Resources.

4.4 Computer software

In this module we utilise free computer software from the internet. We only mention the software here.
Please see Tutorial letters 102 and 103 for more details.

4.4.1 LATEX

LATEX was created specifically for the typesetting of mathematical literature. It is free software and, although
it takes some effort to master, gives documents with good layout and mathematical representation. It
automatically generates a table of contents and the numbering of sections, figures, tables and references are
kept in step, even when some are deleted or new ones are added.
You should have received a DVD containing the software with the printed copy of this tutorial letter. If not,
you can download it from the internet at www.ctan.org/pkg/protext.
The file is quite big (±1,7 Gb) and will take quite long to download. It is important to note that since you
do not have to buy a textbook for this module, the bandwidth needed to download software will be your
only expense.

6
 DSC4810/101/0

4.4.2 Software for creating EPS files

To be able to include objects like graphs or figures in documents, one needs to create EPS files of the objects.
For this purpose free software like Cropper, Gimp, et cetera needs to be downloaded from the internet.

4.4.3 Software for data analysis

In order to draw conclusions from a large dataset, one needs to be able to analyse the data and report on it.
In this module you are introduced to the data analysis software R which is open source software (± 52 Mb).
Details regarding the software will follow in Tutorial letter 103 that will be posted on myUnisa as soon as it
is available.

4.5 Tutorial letters

The following tutorial matter should be available on myUnisa under Official Study Material.
⊲ Tutorial letter 101 (this tutorial letter) containing information regarding the module;
⊲ Tutorial letter 102 containing installation instructions for LATEX and notes on technical writing tech-
niques.
Tutorial letters containing assignments three and four and solutions to (or remarks on) assignments will be
posted on myUnisa as soon as they become available.

5 Assessment

5.1 Assessment plan

In this module assessment takes place throughout the year by means of assignments. Each of the four
assignments contributes towards the final mark for the module and all assignments are compulsory.
The first three assignments each contributes 33,3% to the student’s year mark which in turn contributes
45% to the final mark. Assignment 04, the final project, is a portfolio assignment and is regarded as the
examination for this module. This assignment contributes 55% to the final mark.
To pass the module, a student must obtain a final mark of at least 50%, with at least 40% for Assignment 04.

5.2 Assignment numbers, unique numbers and due dates

Table 1 provides a summary of information regarding assignments.

5.3 Submission of assignments

Assignments must be submitted electronically through myUnisa.

7
 DSC4810/101/0

Unique Contribution
Assignment number Due date Topic to final mark
01 637752 25 May 2015 Typesetting mathematics 15%
in LATEX
02 637764 15 July 2015 Information gathering and 15%
referencing techniques
03 637779 7 September 2015 Data analysis 15%

04 637787 11 January 2016 The final project 55%

(6 November 2015 if
feedback is required)

Figure 1: Details regarding assignments

Since myUnisa does not accept more than one file for an assignment, files must be zipped together as a single
file and submitted as such.

Only ZIP files will be accepted on myUnisa.

It is compulsory to use your student number and surname combined with the assignment number as the
name of all files that are submitted. This means that your TEX, PDF and ZIP files should be named as
follows:
Student number Last name Assignment.tex
Examples are 12345678 Mokoma Ass1.tex or 87654321 VanDerMerwe Ass1.zip.

8
 DSC4810/101/0

6 Assignments

This tutorial letter contains the first two assignments. Assignments 03 and 04 will be set in Tutorial letters
103 and 104, respectively. These tutorial letters will be posted on myUnisa as soon as they are available.

6.1 Assignment 01

Due date: 30 May 2015

Unique number: 637752

Instructions

⊲ Use the instructions in Tutorial letter 102/2015 to download and install LATEX.
⊲ Work through Chapters 1, 2 and 3 of The Not So Short Introduction to LATEX 2ε (LShort) and the
notes in Tutorial letter 102/2015 for this assignment.
⊲ Type the assignment in a single LATEX document. Number your questions the same as below, namely
Question 1, Question 2, etc. A separate document for each question will not be accepted.
⊲ Follow the naming convention as described in paragraph 5.3.
⊲ Create a title page for the assignment by using the \maketitle command. It must be generated by
LATEX and may not be typed in manually. (See LShort, page 8 for an example and page 41 for more
information on making a title.)
The title page should contain only the following: the code and name of the module, the assignment
number, the student’s name, student number and the date. Since the date is generated by LATEX this
will be the date when the document has last been compiled.
Although the title page is page one, it should not show the page number. It should therefore be an
empty page with the following on it:
Module code and name For example: DSC4810 (Project 1)
Assignment number Assignment 1
Name John Smith
Student number 12345678
Date 31 May 2015
⊲ Your output should be in A4 format with 2,5 cm margins on all sides. Furthermore, a font size of at
least 11pt is required for all assignments. When these settings are specified only in the options of the
documentclass command, it is often disregarded resulting in the default American Letter format.
We therefore recommend that you use the geometry package1 to set the page layout by inserting the
following command in the preamble of your document:
\usepackage[a4paper,margin=2.5cm,11pt]{geometry}
⊲ Zip the output file (.pdf) and the LATEX source code file (.tex) together and submit it electronically
through myUnisa.

1
Documentation for the geometry package is available on myUnisa under Additional Resources.

9
 DSC4810/101/0

Question 1 [20]

Answer the following questions briefly. Use the verbatim environment whenever you refer directly to LATEX
source code. (See LShort page 46.)
(a) Why would LATEX not run when a backslash is typed as “\”? How is this problem overcome? (2)
(b) Provide the LATEX source code that specifies a document with the following features: (9)
(Insert all of these in the same verbatim environment.)
⊲ an article;
⊲ the page layout with paper size A4, margins of 2,5 cm all round and font size 11,5 pt.
⊲ paragraphs not indented and with an open line between them;
⊲ using the style file mdwtab.sty;
⊲ the first page being a title page showing the course code and name, the author’s name and student
number (yourself) and the date;
⊲ the first page showing no page number.
(c) Describe in short how you would identify an error in your LATEX source code? (3)
(d) Type the following words and provide the source code verbatim. (The language and meaning of each
word is given for interest sake. You do not need to type it.) (2)
⊲ koöperasie (Afrikaans, meaning ‘cooperation’),
⊲ kjøper (Norwegian, meaning ‘to buy’).
(e) Describe how you would go about to refer to a table elsewhere in your document. Why is it necessary
to specify the object (table, figure, equation, section, etc.) when cross referencing is used? (4)

Question 2 [24]

Type the following examples of correct mathematical typing in LATEX. Try to get it as close as possible to
the given parts. [Use the rubric at the end of the question as a checklist.]

1. It is known that Pi , the proportion of time that a process is in state i, is given by

µi
Pi = for i = 1, 2, 3.
µ1 + µ2 + µ3
Similarly, if we have a process which could be in any of N states (1, 2, . . . , N ) and which moved from
state 1 → 2 → · · · → (N − 1) → N , then the long-run proportion of time that the process spends in
state i is given by
µi
Pi = for i = 1, 2, . . . , N.
µ1 + µ2 + · · · + µN

10
 DSC4810/101/0

2. If Y is a random variable with probability distribution

Y = 2 with probability 1/2 for n ≥ 1,

then
∞ ∞  n
X
n
X 1
P (Y < ∞) = P (Y = 2 ) = = 1.
2
n=1 n=1

But, since
∞  n ∞
X
n 1
n
X
n
E[Y ] = 2 P (Y = 2 ) = 2 = ∞,
n=1 n=1
2

we conclude that even when Y is finite, it can still be true that E[Y ] = ∞.

3. If we let (
1 if X(s) = 0,
I(s) =
0 if X(s) = 1,
then we can represent the occupation time by
Z 1
O(t) = I(s)ds.
0

4. If f (x) = x ln x, then by the product rule

d d
f ′ (x) = x (ln x) + ln x (x)
dx
  dx
1
= x + ln x
x
= 1 + ln x.

5. The second-order partial derivatives are

1 1 1 3
Pxx = − , Pyx = − , Pxy = − and Pyy = − .
2 4 4 4
The Hessian matrix is therefore " #
− 12 − 41
H(x; y) = .
− 41 − 43

11
 DSC4810/101/0

Rubric for Question 2

The following rubric will be used to mark this question. Use it to check whether you have done what is
expected.
Incorrect/ Mostly Always
Aspect under consideration omitted correct correct
0 1 2
1 Numbering (enumerate/itemize)
2 In-text mathematics (italics)
3 Text between formulæ (not italics)
4 Emphasizing (italics)
R
5 Symbols ( / · · · / . . . / ≤ /)
6 Functions/symbols (ln /∞/µ/∞)
7 Brackets/patentheses/braces (size)
8 Punctuation (period/comma/semicolon)
9 Alignment (array/eqnarray)
10 Spacing (maths/text)
11 Fractions
12 Subscripts/superscripts

Question 3 [30]

The following excerpts were scanned from old study guides that had been typed on a typewriter. Modern
writing techniques were not incorporated at that stage. Type these excerpts in LATEX using the guidelines
provided in Tutorial letter 102 as well as in LShort.
Important: Read and adhere to the notes following some of the excerpts.

Important aspects

⊲ Do not simply retype the parts as given. You must improve the given parts by using correct technical
writing style. Change the text so that it reads well, improve the layout and replace symbols where
necessary.
⊲ There should always be text between mathematical formulæ that follow on each other.
⊲ All sentences must end with a period—even when it ends with a formula.
⊲ Abbreviations like i.e., viz., ∀ may not be used. Write them out.
⊲ Try not to force spacing by using \\, \quad, \vspace{...} or \hspace{...}. If you use the correct
LATEX commands, spacing in your document should be acceptable.
⊲ The numbers or bullets in lists should never be typed in—use either the enumerate or itemize environ-
ment.

12
 DSC4810/101/0

⊲ To create tables with good spacing, use the mdwtab package. It is by default available in LATEX and
documentation is available on myUnisa under Additional Resources.

Use the rubric at the end as a checklist.

Excerpt 1 (8)

Excerpt 2 (4)

[Note: Break the equation to be over two lines, even if it fits in on one. The equation number must be
generated by LATEX and will not be the same as in the excerpt.]

13
 DSC4810/101/0

Excerpt 3 (5)

Excerpt 4 (6)

[Note: It is not necessary to insert the frame around the mathematics in (b), but if you are successful in
doing so, you will receive a bonus mark.]

14
 DSC4810/101/0

Excerpt 5 (7)

[Note: Provide a caption for the table and refer to it in the text preceding it.]

15
 DSC4810/101/0

Rubric for Question 3

The following rubric will be used to mark this question. Use it to check whether your answers meet the
requirements.

Incorrect Correct
Excerpt Aspect under consideration 0 1 MARK
1 In-text mathematics (italics)
Alignment (eqnarray)
Punctuation
R
Symbols: P
lim ,
≤ ,×
Parentheses (size) 7

2 In-text maths
Punctuation
Parentheses (size)
Ellipsis (· · · )
Multiline equation
Equation number 6

3 Words between formulæ

Greek letters
P (µ, α, etc.)
Symbols ( , . . . , etc.)
Flow of text 4

4 Numbering
Fractions
In-text maths
Sub/superscripts
Punctuation (colon, ellipses)
Alignment (eqnarray) 6

5 Table centered
Table a float
Caption
Headings
Spacing (use mdwtab.sty)
Maths (italic) 7

16
 DSC4810/101/0

6.2 Assignment 02

Due date: 15 July 2015

Unique number: 637764

Instructions

⊲ The assignment must be typed in a single LATEX document. A different file for each question will not
be accepted! Number your questions the same as below, namely Question 1, Question 2, etc.
⊲ Submit your assignment as a ZIP file through myUnisa. Zip only the following files (and not your
entire directory) together:
– The output file (.pdf);
– The LATEX source code file (.tex);
– All files that are included as figures in your document (.eps or .pdf);
– The bibliography file(s) (.bib).
⊲ Follow the naming convention as described in Paragraph 5.3 on page 8.

It is preferred that you use the bibunits package to create a separate list of references
for each question. See Tutorial letter 102, Section 4.4 and documentation available on
myUnisa under Additional resources.
If you do not use this package, you will not be penalised, but students who implement it
correctly, will receive a bonus mark.

Question 1 [20]

Do research and write between one and three pages on plagiarism. Address at least the following aspects:
⊲ What is plagiarism?
⊲ When is a written part regarded as plagiarism?
⊲ How can plagiarism be avoided?
⊲ What do good referencing techniques entail?
Apply what you learn in your research for this report. Do not copy and paste from the internet! Write in
your own words and clearly indicate any quotes—use double quotation marks or the quote environment. No
more than 10% of your answer may consist of direct quotes.
Provide references in the correct format—use the alphaurl bibliography style. In-text references and a
complete list of references should be generated by LATEX.
The rubric that will be used for marking this question is shown in Table 1.

17
 DSC4810/101/0

Poor Average Good

Aspect under consideration 0 1 2 Mark
In-text referencing
Bibliography
Language (grammar/spelling)
Flow of text
Explanation of topic
Logical layout
12

General impression 8

Table 1: Rubric for Question 1

Question 2 [20]

Use the internet to find a definition (or a description of what it is) for each of the following topics:
1. Heuristics
2. Covariance
3. Markov chains
Requirements:
⊲ The definitions (or descriptions) must be short—not longer than half a page each—but as complete as
possible.
⊲ Use more than one source for each topic. Using only Wikipedia is not acceptable.
⊲ Include mathematical formulæ where applicable.

The rubric that will be used to mark this question is shown in Table 2.

18
 DSC4810/101/0

Mostly Mostly
incorrect correct
In general 0 1 Mark
Numbering (itemize/enumerate)
Lnguage (Spelling/grammar)
Punctuation
Spacing
Mathematics
Position of citations
Reference style (alphaurl)
Bibliography (complete/correct)
*Bibunits used correctly
8

Per definition
Heuristics Complete
Correct
References
Own words/quotation
Covariance Complete
Correct
References
Own words/quotation
Markov chains Complete
Correct
References
Own words/quotation
12

Table 2: Rubric for Question 2

19
 DSC4810/101/0

Question 3 [60]

Write a literature study of between four and eight pages on Optimisation. You may discuss optimisation in
general or select a specific optimisation technique.
Your document should include an introduction placing the contents into context, a body explaining the topic
and a conclusion or summary.
You must use each of the following sources from the internet at least once:
⊲ The Wikipedia;
⊲ A published book (or e-book) on the topic;
⊲ A published article on the application of your selected technique or one of the optimisation techniques
discussed in general.

Technical requirements

⊲ Provide a heading stating the title of your article.

⊲ Insert a table of contents after the heading.
⊲ Use sections and subsections to structure the content logically. (Do not omit the section numbers—they
should show in your table of contents.)
⊲ Include at least one relevant table.
⊲ Include at least one relevant figure.
⊲ Write in your own words—never copy from sources. Paraphrase text and provide proper references.
⊲ Use the spell checker of your text editor to eliminate spelling errors.
⊲ Use correct mathematical writing style.
⊲ Use correct referencing techniques—in-text references and entries in bibliography.
⊲ Use the alphaurl bibliography style.
⊲ Provide an index consisting of key terms and page numbers. This must be generated by LATEX.

The rubric that will be used to mark this question is shown in Table 3.

20
 DSC4810/101/0

Incorrect/ Some
omitted correct Correct
Required aspects 0 1 2 Mark
Title
Table of contents
Index
In-text referencing
Bibliography
Practical application
Figure(s)
Table(s)
16

Technical finish
Numbering (sections/subsections)
In-text mathematics (italics)
Displaystyle maths (text between for-
mulæ/center) P √
Mathematical symbols ( / · · · / )
Patentheses/brackets
Punctuation (period/comma/semicolon)
Spelling
Grammar
Spacing
Alignment (array/eqnarray)
Figure(s) (float/center/caption)
Table(s) (float/center/caption)
24

Poor Average Good

Content 0 2 4
Flow of text
Explanation of topic
Own words/paraphrasing
Logical layout
General impression
20

Table 3: Rubric for Question 3

21