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Airflow Fundamentals and Duct Systems

The document discusses the fundamentals of air including standard air properties, air velocity, volumetric flow rate, air pressure, air flow, noise and airflow. It then covers all-air HVAC systems including large commercial and small residential systems. The document also discusses ductwork materials, layouts, arrangements and basic HVAC equipment like fans, dampers and air terminals.

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Rosita Talde Dalupang
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32 views9 pages

Airflow Fundamentals and Duct Systems

The document discusses the fundamentals of air including standard air properties, air velocity, volumetric flow rate, air pressure, air flow, noise and airflow. It then covers all-air HVAC systems including large commercial and small residential systems. The document also discusses ductwork materials, layouts, arrangements and basic HVAC equipment like fans, dampers and air terminals.

Uploaded by

Rosita Talde Dalupang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER EIGHT

8.1 AIR FUNDAMENTALS

 STANDARD AIR
Define as DRY AIR

14.696 lb/¿2 , 101. 325 Pa , 29.92 inches of mercury

o Room temperature

 70℉ , 21.1℃

o Mass density

 0.075 lb/ ft 3 (1.189 kg/m 3)

o Air weight

One cubic yard ( 1 m3 ) approximately 2lb ( 1.2 kg)

 AIR VELOCITY

Velocity (v) is the average rate at which air flows past a specific point in the system.

v=Q/A

 VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE

Defined as the Quantity of air that passes the specific location per unit of time.

Q=vA

 AIR PRESSURE

o Force (F) / unit area (A)


TYPES OF AIR PRESSURE

 STATIC PRESSURE difference between the air pressure inside and outside the

duct.

 VELOCITY PRESSURE is the pressure created by the flow of air down the duct.

 TOTAL PRESSURE as air flows through duct system from fan to terminal the

total pressure will always decrease.

 AIR FLOW

Caused by the pressure

difference (∆ P )

 Laminar flow

 Turbulent flow

 Transitional flow

 NOISE AND AIRFLOW

Noise is related to air molecules banging and clanging into the wall of the duct and

fluctuations in air pressure caused by turbulence.

8.2 ALL-AIR SYSTEMS


LARGE ALL-AIR SYSTEM

(insert figure 8.1 HVAC air system in a commercial building)

SMALL ALL-AIR SYSTEMS


8.3 DUCTWORK

DUCTS

Sheet metal ducts

Plastic ducts

Round ducts usually 2in (50mm).


Square and rectangular ducts typically built to a specific size, 2 in (50mm)

Flat oval ducts combined the advantages of both round ducts and rectangular ducts.

DUCT LAYOUT

The basic conventional duct arrangement can be compared to a tree.


DUCT ARRANGEMENTS;

 EXTENDED PLENUM ARRANGEMENTS

Extended plenum duct system (double plenum)


 REDUCING PLENUM ARRANGEMENTS

 RADIAL ARRANGEMENTS or Individual Supply Arrangements


 PERIMETER LOOP ARRANGEMENTS

8.4 EQUIPMENT

 FAN

 DAMPERS
 AIR TERMINALS AND TERMINAL UNITS

 BASIC EQUIPMENT

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