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    7 Geodesics in Kerr space time

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    7 views32 pages

    7 Geodesics in Kerr Space Time

    Uploaded by

    Mario Flores

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    in Frc of Spas Ape Mathoac, 1, Avec Mats oie: eae one haut nat at infra "he aon iy ‘se yam mean pe ae ESE eprisaenn sentinel since et i Wie So Ku York. se aetRO (cen Pr wa wit, ae me ne tora simp daa othe Ker es catherine needed spl a one 5, & Gumonscan ed Patoaan, Astropi T78 39-405 (972, #53, The tcdiment la thi stow des tara) tome 1S (9661 ances Steam Pr Roy Sn 2, 30978 TOF). Br Ph Re T1758) se i aay 1B G Xwmoratio Pac op So (Landa A. 48,3411, 0909, EF eprint dene wih te nisuee fhe Ker pce ert i Bs ire sem i cue a yc ean 1g, BE Se Pulte New Yor, 173 se ne vaste Witnesses Sesion rman do na ar tse oe, 56, Ae important eens nis comin "4 Wee 2 ak Php 19812396 19.8 C Xora atk Py 11807-91978 5S, Th Sn reading with he ate f the Ker uci ae ta 2B ae ig Rw ah sa Gar, Ph Rn 2 aaa a PE MEET, Brier hee ma en a ‘THE GEODESICS IN THE KERR SPACE-TIME “Tischaptrisdevotd tothe stay ofthe godess the Kee gacetine, We are devon an entire cape fo this std or several reason apr fom the [Sotho the deicaton of he godess eis tbe metal fetes the ‘pact (or example thereleane of extending the manfld ones ‘ules ofthe radial coordinate 7) the eparaality of the Hamilon-facob ‘ution lsoveed by Cate was the fst of the many ropes which hve endowed the Kerr metre with an aura of the miracoux Bendy, the Sindy discloses the posit (covered by Penton) of exacting emery ‘tom the Ker lachol. his eeling the exten of pa proses one had pt contemplated before AT the same time the study a the odes In the Kerr spacetime directed attention t0 certain quite unexpected roperie of aces of Petry iype-D in eneal We begin, fc with the establishment fone ofthe pope Intype spacetimes We bve shown in Chape ($2) that ina spactine of Paro ype-D, ‘he penal nll congruences ae geodesic an year and that nl ‘srt (sm min which ad mare the princpalnlietons. tbe Spe colon ands and the Weyl sere Wy, and Wa osc wegninvng, 0 and ont ateateno, e ‘Ad i as we shal suppose that Fs afnely parametrized. theo the sin- ‘tient leo zr ema, ° inal the Bianchi ieies (Chapter equations 321) rondo the aon- "anising Weyer the equations Dig, = +3: Sle, = +36 %: AIRY = 3, SVs = 3, Inher D, and Jar the dzeinal derivative along £m ad eects ects ina coordinate basi apes in term om my ‘ais pen by (Ch, equation) 2 tam andthe covariant ecvtives of fm and m expressed in terms ofthe oeicets are Ch, equation G57) y= HOT BNR, lee Im, emt pm mt ohm ms Ig CHIL Big +a I, tape —sma im: msm erm = Bim HB sym, Saleen om (he foregsing tions are applicable ony to ype-D spacetimes, sine ‘lions (and Q) ve been sumed) I kand denote any ov vctory, the, according 1 enuation (Sh, bef =9yh-P = ten en +(bem if) = (hem (Soi (he) om, HI = 20k ha) (hom (ko) HES, (Rom + (Ro hemos We now state the peincgal theorem of te subject due 10 Walker Penrom THEOREM 1. I/kisamal eos finely parametrized and fis orthogonal tok and pray propagated along than nape the quant Katy lm? = AV hn— Imm, —0, 8" = 2k fom) fi)", Ss cmsred along the geod, RKO. ‘A more common formltion of he theorem i hat type-D ais conformal Kling ts ‘Prof, The sumptions of he theorem that is all gods finely uamstind anda /crthogol od paral peopassted sons Fue hat ka) =0, 19,5) =0, end =0, nd 6 Sie (UE om) hom fom) FH ILD IRD font 7 the theorem egutes us to show tat Ue fom) = (hom fom) = Lon em om 8) Expanding the efi side of equation (18) and making use of equ tons (4h ve tan AUD fom) —ikem fm) = (Fema HDR, fom ms thom fImge 09) [Now substting for rom equations (6}) ad simpiing,mesnd hat eae let VLU fom) (hom (Fm Lecco ean PE SC (Fom (hem (Re for) om 0) Srl (ho 0 om) fom) (hem em) E SHLF0E Dem Fem —(eemikem FD), 9) Considering ext the ight-hand side of equation (18) and making ws of| quations apd (I), we find {UE foal (kom) fom eS = SLUG ent fm) (km + (kf) (kde mses =U Fn) om se eptbom net ethem) thom ay “The equally (8, which the core asers eguresthat he terme on ‘ind de of eation C2) agree wth the erin he at to ies ‘Shation 2), We ven thot thi indo, the case. Thus coniering {Gra which oer wih ie spin ctf a8 factor 04 the gad tf egaton (0, we have by virtue of equations (15) and (6) =the hom) (fom she kod = (kT fom se fl) them Som ikem kom (sD (eo UAB Seni them fo and this expression ages with the coeicent of in equation (2 quality of the factor fhe ther spin cect in equations (20) n8 {tows nina fashion by vite ofthe sme equations (15) and (6) ontvation of Ky akg s tl geodee, afialy parametized, i Sablahed THEOREM 2. IF ic on ofrelyparomerized geodesic in 01F6D 9 tine, en w= 229 ihe tke = 218,179 kr (hem) (Qe sconserd long and only fa scalarQexits whch sais he eu DQ=DIYsI??, AQ= AIK, and 50-390 =0. Prue Fst weoterethat the egualeecof thew alternative forms Inthe enunciation ofthe theorem lows from equation 0}. "The comervation of K for geodee motion along k requires tht BEV, [UR hom 127) = IRPRVC a since kis conerved By eatin (1, the phan seo uation | {Sip be renin the form [EPEV,0= AP LA-mDO+ kn AO = (km)5Q hms". Considering the lfthand side of equation (25, we ane Bev em S29) 229 LARD om) +e kem eT. ‘Othe athe and by ve of equations) andthe odes character vate = Homo k= (ko) em) 2s 1a) = [Uhm 9 +98) (he arp) tka) oath ot, Gs ad 6 hom) = (Rom HD, ry ‘om iserting equations 28a (29 eguation (27) and sbtittig or (Milan trom equations (6) and (We fend that conierable simpleton ‘ool and we are et eV, [(k-N how F2) = 21¥F 2 {Liem 9) (kes oN) [em ks) (kk) 18s) PAP RD ra) m 0+ 0D Uk emery 29-49 888-27 0 ‘nbera in the ast tp ofthe redactions, we have made ut, nse agin, of | ‘sins (A compro of the il est fhe orepong eduction with {tenga band side feguation 26)indstoterequremens (24) satedinthe theorem COROLLARY 1. A mall gad, kn any type spacetime allows the ‘napa of raion Kya 2031-2 Uem em) = 229M) “Thistiloms tev rom he trem state sine for aml pode = 0 nd one of condone 28) ae equed fr is ay. COROLLARY 2. ‘Thesonstunt Ky of Coral 16 apa fom a mpi Ine ctor, the sue of the alte klue ofthe complex conan K, of Toren Prof, By equation (1, KE = 490) 22 (0k fom) thom) sake fea (hom (foals 2) or ermal, by vite of equation (16), (P= al fom (hod FN (ikem (ftom fom). 03) apanding sn piping by ped ef een (516 KP = =A (2 om) fom) 0) om? fo them (fm) (hom (FD 2 (bol) Fea) = =A) (Chem ea fm) fol (em? (fom = (hsm (fm (km) (F(R Fm] = A129 em oe EF) 1) (Som Fo) = 4192 hom emf? Since spar propagated emai constn! along the geese ‘he corlly sad ftlows, COROLLARY 3, The Ker metic lows a conserved quant ofthe ‘rut on Thor Tn the cordate tem adopted in Chapter 6 (Ch 6 equation Na 2 = M2 % pF M32 +a ooetO) ‘According, therequiements ofthe theorem are met bythe choice oa we, Suppresing the factor M-*®, we cone that in Kerr geomet Ka2F ke) hem PeP = 2p bom) em) +a host ar icra of goes min "The two intewab (37) may be considered as independent since uisalenee dere from the eoasaney of [which in omon par queda he comervation of the fet ase oat THEOREM 3. The necesory and sifcot conditions for on ing esc mation of the form considered in Theorem 210 ex frat ime ae that the spin oii, and re elated the man ‘Geri with the properties PO= Df SO~ Sf and 8080-0, whet for converene, we have writen soir? o) In tems of the Bini identities (4) governing become Dim -wsenf sf or—of, Srestoen armen | ‘The proof of the theorem consis in applying the avaiable commutation ‘tions (Ch 1, le) to Quad acing the consegoncs of the equremen's (09) conistemly wit equatous it) For a type-D space tine, sompatible ‘wh the ations 1) and 2) the commutation elton are 85-48 = WD 4p) + a— PI + (PI 8%, AD=DA = (4 7*)D—( +318 (64 9 5D-D5 = (et +B-2*10-p8, BA Aba frame At nny 8 Applying these relatons 1 @ and making use of the requirements (39, we ‘hin lot -mofcor= « (0-Day. oy 50/481 5) nd Bafana pas “ ‘Wie now make use af hereto (4). Equation (3) dtp he rhton War —anip to") = pliner co ‘whieh on simpleton gives perm etn or plot =u “9 ‘Nev, vafating the ethand side of equation (8, accordance with ‘ution 2, we obain (temples eary=o, “ by virtue of the relations 4, (emmy ete teeta) 0 (n simplifeaon, quan (0 ger toate ory ae ey ‘Tracing the comsegsenss of equations (5) and (46) somewhat mar invohed, Fire mth he a of equations (4) equations 4) and 46) can ‘educed to eve Stele tet = Gre 82a += digg este + etHok Bieta tt) = Gest at 8) = Sige Sahl Huta Size p/pt= wp by equation (8), we obtain by subeacting equation from equation 32) Sep Sigu = 20" 428 dp pSlen= Ge +28—A— Hp. (On the other hand, by the Riss dey, Chapter, eaton (101), Ne +B)" lininating 4 from equation ($5) withthe ad ft ist elation, Heo — hum tat 4 BeBe nt where we ave once gpa. made use of equation 8). But by Ria ‘Chape Iequatin 8100 oe = ot fT aH By adding equation (87) and (8), we obtain Sata) = at + RBH" yaar teat ‘But we alo have the eaton (equation (53) = Bu hm ea at BNW From a comparison of euatios (5) and, we id that eptatusQ, or aie? =n Combining equation (48) (51 ad 61, we obtain te rltons 3) sere be eae. apeat tha he ellos (5) aren fat satis by mos of he (1, Te pedesic inthe equatorial plane ‘Wiel tht the gender inthe equatorial plane can be delineated rich the same say ar we didn the Sehwaracild and. in Reioer-Notdstrim space-tmes the energy and the anguar-noment Integrals il afc to reac the problem to one of quaraure. But ‘Shes dieses nat bekept i mind Fis diction should be TWEGEODESICS INTHE EQUATORIAL PLANE 37 een dre an rma aie now roast be i of ‘ramen ah seem oc opie aac wld iene ic econ poo ‘etn for sang a al apes ares ce Sree son prog then ai ae th bt ar mine met anise ae ‘me ie Com aon nde a Nrarieciare ‘Beagrie motos in het pe or ich (=O and @ = s constant = n/2) is a eee 2, tly : 2a —[ se EI voy =| 2 we deduce rom thatthe general momenta given by and cc) bere eae ued sapere dott denote ditrematon wih pet toa ‘Mic pret (Teenie) ofp af lows om teins ‘the Lagranpanon and whch nmr mnt econ ‘nthe msymee catch Kerr promt) "The Hanatonan 8 pen by Ho nitnbsnie My 2 (60) ston eee he Hin de at x [ (t-te [ (everest fo 28-18-24 o ata fst ea iat +0 teadigoeae oy om ‘THE GEODESICS INTHE KERR SPACE-TIME THR GEODESICS IN THE EQUATORIAL PLANE x9 (Sting 4, = 1 for nee ne gas Eb ep th ‘ew ei te caer aor fan of nding to ‘pei cap orem pret ma) ES atthehrnontatrs andr seappiniedsfaare abe ee ee Song enon (6) a for bad we oan fred doe 17, 2M), 2a ‘esl he rl grade died yh equations te [0s] ser oft espa ml congo tt cin oth ear De sae iti clea that we must isting, a8 in Schwarohil's Fale eel cro, ews aoe San {is ve D (ach wt een be ite fore ae ‘dinerig thon inthe conde af equation (7) obtain ‘crop Fr D= Ds he sc eon vaio asa ‘al ean Sri ot fai) For D>, esa tose note rare Meee -Ke | Sho fh dw arg ity, Nae pen Stes peas than and thos ofthe second Lind which hang apebon tances ‘os than r erinatat the agua ar =O and 8 = a7 Foe D>, (6) The ma geoeses ‘he oes othe wo kinds coalesce they tot pra intl tour te [As we have noted, 5, =0 fo ull odes and the adil egstion (7 same ustalecclarorbitatr =r, For DD, te ae oly obit a oe ‘nd arcing from infinity, they cross both horizons ad tera tbe esl, The equations determining the radius ro the wnstabe circular ‘photon: omi ar (equation (72). ere el reer re eee ay {nour frier considerations wil be more comvesient 0 distinguish rodenc by the snp parameter D= He ea aee hu te)=0 ~ rather than by 2 7 st, we observe that godess with tbe inact paramter ad hs ; Dao when L=a6, SM -a6F + 2ui-e8) ey lay in the prseat context, the same role asthe rain geodesic in Schnrechild andi the Reisner Nordstom geomety. Than ni From eauation 9), we conclude that qutions (9, 10, and (72) reduce o i. Pe EE I= (PH aHE/A, and b= oI. tea Re, 0) ‘The rail coordinate is daseibed uniformly with respst 10 the Tring ing cst Squat td parameter while he equations governing tang ae % 7 pat eta B et6 PME L=aE "TMF D1 ow (D4 = 2700, 0, or Ling yoDta, a) a» {THE GEODESICS 18 THE KERR SPACE-TIME TWEGEODESICSIN THE EQUATORIAL PLANE at see obi the ebic uation Pomity Stahl? = 0. Wemus now distinguish o> Oand a Ococespoading othe dine: the erode obs For a> 0, Yo etcem(o4 127) wh mad i Dewy and 1.=3M(-2alyh {tw wish w exit heen th str shige ay combi ‘wath the equation " = MS be 9 yprau rg OPM a] By (wich foows dtl from equation (2) 0 obtain dy _ Data ui snd for —a=|al> 0, ee ii Que! nf yotiiend woes sada, on 4 sla) and r= 3MU +a) yt De=yelal (2Iai9. % oes * 28040 Jingu n eu aera Ieeanbe ity veri that he slain fr expres diet in Vu Qua ee rater if (8) whee he upper sien spp oreo orbits andthe omer sgn to het =r The neon the rita se of equation 95) ‘aly and cia be candice ogecon oe, ‘sid pra cons until a we sal rw we tn Fi 2 orb dened om he len 3a Base 7 eer we ae ey eed The wettest i eal a eal ute th ih he od Eat pelo Hitt rea oon fora=0 B= BYIM and 1,30 for a= Mi B=2M and. r,=M for det obits, and 1 =-4M (for retrograde ois (1 The sine ike gees For sme geod, equstions (69) and (70) for @ and & renal encanged but equation (72) rep! by “Turning to the equations governing be orbits when the impact. ts the ote value Dy and the exprenion on the rigxthand ie union (2lllowsadouberoot, we ind tat the equation eed teen Pennants Meant ath 98 ste Es now to be iterpeted a vey per unit mas ofthe pate sci he ttn. = ME Da aa? Bah ee 1) The special ease, = ‘Tineke godeis with£ ~ a, ike he al godess with D = gare of ‘nerestin tat ter bebu our as they roth horizon achracesic of he vit in genera When [= a eqition (96) becomes PPE Mra on hie the sautions for @ and fare the same a for the ml gees (equations (73) ° Ma toh mt ne Equation 9) ca be ntepated det tn give a teo.-a/ene~ + [ata fiers yaqilfarstneyant Ws mad te Ber eya, 9 oa es Beef, = ert cymes ‘Seth teen tone yt ibd ain Pas aad TWEGEODESICSIN THE EQUATORIAL PLANE 38 -quton (7). integration ges [ue =e ara ~apbhag eft anne terdet-h ogtteg}] wret>n » t-te sar + yale a Bey aaa tate} rt 00) (Te wutons ax wet, ate valid ony foro ‘constable ul pode consferedn fe): inden ax wetie vette, when 6°, wear ed to the same Ling ease, Bees the lining ase E*-» 2, hee of the magia bound orbit wih E ~ tisofsometnterenttcomespond fo theca fa prt rota ‘atin fing tomar black hole By equation (18) and 116, the radio. Df he maria bound ecules gven by Leste aves yu om) = 1-3MuF2ay/ (Mur = what t M+ 2a,/( Mu), 039) “hist ution sites to ther (ome2vinn wo We dee rm thi anton Pata ca 2/iM Lem, ay) 1 ‘THE GEODESICS IN TH KEKH SPACE-TINE TWEGEODESICSIN THE EQUATORIAL PLANE ot 32, Ea fi manly bom iad ere wih ‘arate cs ofan Sea Spo et and a ‘Shcig acm ween shan ‘The circu orbit ofthis rads the envelope ofthe tector of sich area est at infinity. An example oft matgally oud ie ‘sated in Fe 32. ‘in the foregoing dncsion ofthe al andthe timestep, we excounced timing cult orbit of thr kinds the unstele pt {hela sale tine ke orb. and he mainly bound orbit. Te of the ri of tes ovis on o 8 enh i Fig 35 We obra ‘dif the diet orbs. fate nd ted to Maser Aare Sensation of how this ii i approuhed leads to behaviour show ‘abi ViL ht hat erp ts ed to is 0M va ‘anton of he pty mec al codes MCA "ited ot hat te ety th ta eo sno ‘ayer = l*-Osencautncenpced em hector ata ‘awh that aoa fro ir here cre Cro wh roc nur a pes by gene I) 2M Jay? Fawn FS 2 iT 04) = MO-8 andr = MEI Vian 0u"™, Tame VI the prope dstaneshtween = MIL) 286. sien by he at of the Uting ear rs fr Tile de yylitnanee Sw = aneyvain V8 ah Das Win he geno Table VIL ne in S oe ee ee (mt edna “$M1GS f= 85/3. co te ‘Maida eh Cat" Dep dane Mth 4/2) Le = 2/8), — ta anegion se (=r pr anuneMIBDESM) [em Feud, “and hi expeton for a+ M0, wend he its Ean M43 Gu IO hibiing 2 dicontinay. ‘The iit = 3" fo r= M40, when. ‘aia energy (per uit mas which abcess rbitcan beak seometry fora 0 syathand ye 0-can be fendi weiten dows n> Ome +e Maw) Ox ES) lus) Ee bye) Haat wt = Bete tne rata ye). AG neh Matcsctend Nec t— (ay w= SUG ene eset sere) isd ee JO,” waaay vee a HRs) and coy =i et el ie ee vine cam Age 1S Sah and , te rk [verse (ms <0 =e) Ue SEL OB) te w= Eetamreteecuinitat—2))— aa) 09 a [ye-ew where KE = Inisa, O€[61<|al—Vinl, and voy [ 'n sation (201) and (205, FA denotes the Jacobian lip inter oF theta hind (8) The rnp! malcongrances From equations (19) and (195) itis ea thatthe ase ntie-g 0 eo ising by the ft tts compat with he erent 8, ny Tor = 05 =aconant, and E= asin, ‘nhen ©, =O for 0 = fy Egution 207] now reuies that n= som, Inserting the forepoing vals of ¢ and yn egustion (190, we tind | Ral 4c 4yyE, ‘ube we have restored the suppressed fctor 6°, We now oncude ‘uation (189) that atic o We simiary Se rom equations (18) tat on 0E/s and -Asordngly, thes pei mll odes ate defied by arte oe en aE Wee IA, rs ca ‘These equations ft define te share ml-congruenes which we ‘se fr constructing ul bss fra dscpion of te Ker pce te ewmao~Penose formalism, adapted tots type crater ft Ch (6) The rmetion We now tum 10s consideration ofthe rail mation a speied by Integral over "in equation (193) As inthe ease of the planar ot considered in, we cn isis ‘etneenthe orbits which arvng romain eter eu or not ee ‘ent orzo. athe planar exe, he citinstion mon of wheter the rameter, was thao ester han ein ital ale D the ithe inp! parameter D, ell representing a watt cero the sme way, inthe nonplanar cae we ate proealy comes dsinction mast be oe of whether th conti a tbe motion, ca {ne seo the oter ofa etal locus, (fm) nthe (en-plan, wth tis, with the constants ofthe motion the lacs ie, unstable orbits wir = constant The oe (4 ml the sme oe ‘he present conta asthe et parameter, Bin the eke contest “The equations determining the snsable cis Of constant ads ae Rae (PMP 4 IME HE wd AR(or~ 47-4 aMENsE—aF1=O, ls) Easton (214) an 218) canbe combina to se Wardane ear et a6, Agr nat Mr) = Mrie 208) en “Ts equations ca besoled For Gand, Thus, limintingy between thes, seobaie eM E 2am aE “Prete +a) ) 235) ‘Te integral over 4. on the ridthand side of the equation is sven by uation 200) xempes of tajestoris derived from equition 234) ar ilstted in Figs Wile we have considered ony the ott with the constants ofthe motion te ral loss (ht hea ow they mist ook when the cones ‘ofthe motion ae oe the other endef te locus the twe pane ate {Ssecionywbich aproates the sphere tr =r fom one se ete, ‘ether separate into tmodsjin parts (wich we have designated sors 120 for Wier rt for r=) and nd <0 foe r. cred! and r> Hl ‘The oltons forthe Bmoion appropri othe tne aes (228 ‘en piven in Ga follows rom thse saation that orbs ef cone ‘ich 1a he or bow orbits wth £2 is convenient PaeE*1>0 08 write ©, fhe form =n tate a From thi expressio for @, ad the equirenens @, > Dard << ‘oncude hat epi valacs fy ar not lowed ha the age between zero and the smal of he to roots of the equation, TIEN AO (> 0) Thiel 70} can now bedi tan clipe feet the wal me: We ad a eer ay Jel, Jeera are ers wh a giel (Gents scien tat asta fe ploe and sami For marl bond rs wih =, = 14m Asin negative ates 9 a alowed and Severe )] For wntoud oris with £? > 1, the discon forthe case of the ml gees in 5030) apps with he replccieat of by Foe-F 0 28) In summary thea, the bound aod the tarpnally bound obits mest secs e105 the equator! plage and cuit oct i The uabourd sare ery uch ike the nll rode ors wth > O wih intersect heer pla, orbs with 7< 0 which do ot infer he eget lis ae cone Lo cone anderen int the reins of negate tnd fin wit n= 0 (8) Me rmoton “Turning next tothe rmovon speed by the integral ovcr R-!, we conser acordance wih ou stndard predate spol orbs wich yore not only x bai for clasiftion of the orbits bot alo simple Inezble cases whch sical lust he nar the obs te ‘some nthe prevent instance, the spel rat are tho for which he ‘adsl coordinate remains constant. The conditions fort oscumenc et R=0 and OR/a=0. aan, ‘The cosas onthe constants f the motion, £m and, ip by he ‘oon 8) can be derived excl asin G6) except that we mut ow Alow for the addtional em, ~7*8/ 5° inthe dfiten of R ellowing the, thesune steps weniow fn that equations (216)and 217 ae rele ieee 81-Bie—Mrse ee ay a AE Mrtnle Mtn Siro M) =r (gta; {a stare, we Sle thee equations for adm Ekinsting yom equations (282) apd (33) we obtin im pace of| sation 2th) eae —toM eta ~[eeeiretsey-Mar—ein- fast} 0. a8 "he settin af i gain feu (2) onl ean 8. Te en at isin i Tete sen es to mo os ° 0, Magy una ne enn hey ue ee gins ‘Sige Siete cepsnne Airc ven in a) above it anelemensary intra whose values fo he lifleen case, E> 1, and Ciycan te realy weites dows, Thos withthe dtniion Fiyaas peti, whete and yaethe cosets fhe quadaticin x which appears Integral (0, we have far EFRRRVOM 2m > 0. o>00>0, p<00<0, 1) Mp ey {[e-e)-8] 8 Examples of it deed fromthe equations we have asec ig 30 Asin as he ll oes rit f sonst ais ih acctessar condo beqanoal ane Tisalows ow hla unto GM) and Ge hh forge, become Pat Lae -amrsotyae 3 tata ise aura) =e Pa Eeeay mea athe same ss equations (105) and (105 which deste the cle the equator plane (65, The Pearse process Inthe bape (68) we have dramatention thesia ‘surface on which vanishes an thea than Ket geomet he oes not onset the event horizon exept at the pes Inthe ste fetnen the wo surfs, ein he rgosphers, he lng Ys eco spaceike and. ews tbe conser compnct Te ‘momentum The energy of artic ts sepon of pce, spree have atinfint). ca be neg, This at act as pert "males pombe ss Penroxe showed phys process mach /. - ‘THE PeNnose process * cstast enrgy and angular morentum rm the lack ole listo ‘Silconide the mature oF hse peesses andthe limits on he esr tat For cosieraton of the Paros proses ts convenient toh iis oe the etetgy which a parle, at» special ston, can have, From stos (183) and (185) allows hat the it st by [neh 20 ATE an Ee HL 2M)= (04 3/9)8=0, 099 sic his equation presupposes that there i no contibation to fom the netic ener ered from Solving equation (295) for Eand separately, seobiia 1 seu ae a2 tek seseyeneuyareary)] om echt tome an[re amare), om sic eet ise on sour aeteeresen(i Ml) aan ‘The cesumstanes under which as percived by an observe a init, ‘2 neptive canbe infeed om equation (298) Fit, important to bere that pail of it asa.atresta infty, ma nacre th ur conventons be nianed an energy Eland be content wi his ‘auc, we most i the pret content, chose the postive ia oa the "cand ide of equation 96) With thi cho ofthe sg, lay ‘rary that or, Leo, 2%) MMOL > aU +A 4a) 420 MO], +aI)). 00) ‘Win the ido the identity (290, neal cam be brought to he or tree cereal iz vafaed)}

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